鄂尔多斯盆地湖盆区延长组致密油“甜点”控制因素及预测方法
|
摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地湖盆区中生界延长组广泛发育致密油储层。对测井、岩心以及地震资料的综合研究表明:含油性主要受到烃源岩厚度与储层层位、平面位置的控制。烃源岩厚度越大,则其上覆储层含油性越好;湖盆华池、庆城一带致密储层自长61至长72越接近烃源岩,其含油性越好。致密油碎屑岩储层与围岩地震波阻抗差异较小,应用常规地震勘探方法较难识别。采用叠前反演、叠后反演、叠后能量衰减等多种地震方法进行了试验研究。结果表明:叠前纵波阻抗以及λρ参数反演可以较好地反映含油砂岩成层性和叠置性;叠后密度反演与叠前反演结合,可以在平面上判断不同时期含油砂体平面展布范围;分频衰减技术在剖面上可以较好地区分油层和干层,油层的调谐振幅频率往往比干层小5~10Hz,通过分频体相减的方法可以在平面上判断含油砂岩分布范围。
Tight oil reservoirs are widely distributed in Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin.This paper suggests the oil-bearing property is controlled by the thickness of source rock,the horizon and the planar position of the reservoirs by the integrating of logging data,cores and seismic data.The reservoirs beyond the thick source rocks are always have great oil-bearing property.The shorter the distance between reservoirs and source rocks,the better oil-bearing property they have.The impedance difference of tight oil siltstone reservoirs and surrounding rocks is little and so they are difficult to distinguish by convention seismic methods.Hence,this research uses such seismic methods as pre-stack inversion,post-stack inversion and post-stack energy attenuation to achieve the distinction.The results show that pre-stack wave impedance inversion and per-stackλρinversion can reveal the distribution of oil-bearing reservoirs in profile and planar.And post-stack density inversion also has a good result.Frequency attenuation can distinguish oil-bearing sandstone and dry sandstone in sections.The tuning amplitude frequency of the oil-bearing reservoirs' is always 5-10 Hz smaller than that of the dry layers.The distribution of oil reservoirs can be confirmed by specdecomp data cube subtract.
Tight oil reservoirs are widely distributed in Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin.This paper suggests the oil-bearing property is controlled by the thickness of source rock,the horizon and the planar position of the reservoirs by the integrating of logging data,cores and seismic data.The reservoirs beyond the thick source rocks are always have great oil-bearing property.The shorter the distance between reservoirs and source rocks,the better oil-bearing property they have.The impedance difference of tight oil siltstone reservoirs and surrounding rocks is little and so they are difficult to distinguish by convention seismic methods.Hence,this research uses such seismic methods as pre-stack inversion,post-stack inversion and post-stack energy attenuation to achieve the distinction.The results show that pre-stack wave impedance inversion and per-stackλρinversion can reveal the distribution of oil-bearing reservoirs in profile and planar.And post-stack density inversion also has a good result.Frequency attenuation can distinguish oil-bearing sandstone and dry sandstone in sections.The tuning amplitude frequency of the oil-bearing reservoirs' is always 5-10 Hz smaller than that of the dry layers.The distribution of oil reservoirs can be confirmed by specdecomp data cube subtract.
引文
[1]邹才能,陶士振,侯连华,等.非常规油气地质[M].北京:地质出版社,2011.
[2]贾承造,郑民,张永峰.中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):129-136.
[3]Miller B,Paneitz J,Mullen M.The successful application of acompartmental completion technique used to isolate multiple hydraulic fracture treatments in horizontal bakken shale wells in north dakota[C].[S.l.]:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,21-24 September,Denver,Colorado,USA,116469,2008.
[4]林森虎,邹才能,袁选俊,等.美国致密油开发现状及启示[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(4):25-30.
[5]Miller J.Petrophysical characterization of the eagle ford shale in South Texas[C].[S.l.]:Canadian unconventional resoures and international petroleum conference,19-21 October,Calgary,Alberta,Canada,138145,2010.
[6]Hill R J,Zhang E,Katz B J,et al.Modeling of gas generation from the Barnett shale,Fort Worth Basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):501-521.
[7]Sonnenberg S A,Appleby S K,Sarg J R,et al.Quantitativemineralogy and microfractures in the middle Bakken Formation,Williston Basin,NorthDakota[R].New Orleans:AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition,2010.
[8]赵俊龙,张君峰,许浩,等.北美典型致密油地质特征对比及分类[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(1):44-50.
[9]邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653.
[10]薛良清,董大忠,李小地,等.中国石油未来油气勘探重点领域分析[J].中国石油勘探,2002,7(2):1-7.
[11]姚泾利,邓秀芹,赵彦德,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密油特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(2):150-158.
[12]杨华,李士祥,刘显阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力[J].石油学报,2013,34(1):1-11.
[13]贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):343-350.
[14]邹才能,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望:以中国致密油和致密气为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):173-187.
[15]任战利,李文厚,梁宇,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组致密油成藏条件及主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(2):190-198.
[16]王明磊,张遂安,张福东,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段致密油微观赋存形式定量研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):1-6.
[17]杨华,付金华,刘新社,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界致密气成藏条件与勘探开发[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(3):295-303.
[18]窦伟坦,杜玉斌,于波,等.全数字地震叠前储层预测技术在苏里格天然气勘探中的研究与应用[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(4):63-68.
[19]张春贺,乔德武,李世臻,等.复杂地区油气地球物理勘探技术集成[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):374-387.
[20]杜中东,邓述全,汪兴业,等.黄土塬非纵地震勘探技术及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增刊1):35-39.
[21]高利东,赵玉华,张克诚,等.非纵地震勘探技术及应用[J].石油化工应用,2011,30(5):4-6.
[22]王红伟,陈调胜,刘宝宪,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部地区上古生界砂体地震预测及勘探新突破[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(4):2132-2140.
[23]蔡克汉,张盟勃,高改,等.基于叠前反演的储层预测技术在陕北黄土塬白云岩气藏的应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(6):1164-1171.
[24]程建远,李宁.黄土塬区地震勘探技术发展现状综述[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(12):73-75.
[25]Popov M A,Nuccio V F,Dyman T S,et al.Basin-centered gas system of the U.S[R].Virginia:USGS,2000.
[26]张金川,金之钧,庞雄奇,等.深盆气成藏条件及其内部特征[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(3):210-214.
[27]庞正炼,邹才能,陶士振,等.中国致密油形成分布与资源潜力评价[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(7):60-67.
[28]聂海宽,包书景,高波,等.四川盆地及其周缘下古生界页岩气保存条件研究[J].地学前缘,2012,19(3):280-294.
[29]李凤杰,李磊,魏旭,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区长6油层组湖底扇内深水重力流沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2014,16(6):827-834.
[30]廖纪佳,朱筱敏,邓秀芹,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组重力流沉积特征及其模式[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):29-39.
[31]付金华,邓秀芹,张晓磊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组深水砂岩与致密油的关系[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):624-634.
[32]李相博,陈启林,刘化清,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组3种沉积物重力流及其含油气性[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):16-21.
[33]Shanmugam G.Deep-water process and facies model:A critical perspective[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(2):285-342.
[34]姚宜同,李士祥,赵彦德,等.鄂尔多斯盆地新安边地区长7致密油特征及控制因素[J].沉积学报,2015,33(3):625-632.
[35]刘振峰,董宁,张永贵,等.致密碎屑岩储层地震反演技术方案及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(2):298-304.
[36]印兴耀,曹丹平,王保丽,等.基于叠前地震反演的流体识别方法研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(1):22-34.
[37]苑书金.叠前地震反演技术的进展及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):879-886.
[38]Veeken P C H,Silva M D.Seismic inversion methods and some of their constrains[J].First Break,2004,22:47-70.
[39]Bredesen K,Jensen E H,Johansen T A,et al.Seismic reservoir and source-rock analysis using inverse rock-physics modeling:A Norwegian Sea demonstration[J].The Leading Edge,2015,34(11):1350-1355.
[40]苑书金.非正交小波变换的频谱分解技术在大牛地气田储层预测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27(12):52-54.
[41]柏冠军,吴汉宁,赵希刚,等.地震资料预测薄层厚度方法研究与应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):554-558.
[2]贾承造,郑民,张永峰.中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):129-136.
[3]Miller B,Paneitz J,Mullen M.The successful application of acompartmental completion technique used to isolate multiple hydraulic fracture treatments in horizontal bakken shale wells in north dakota[C].[S.l.]:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,21-24 September,Denver,Colorado,USA,116469,2008.
[4]林森虎,邹才能,袁选俊,等.美国致密油开发现状及启示[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(4):25-30.
[5]Miller J.Petrophysical characterization of the eagle ford shale in South Texas[C].[S.l.]:Canadian unconventional resoures and international petroleum conference,19-21 October,Calgary,Alberta,Canada,138145,2010.
[6]Hill R J,Zhang E,Katz B J,et al.Modeling of gas generation from the Barnett shale,Fort Worth Basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):501-521.
[7]Sonnenberg S A,Appleby S K,Sarg J R,et al.Quantitativemineralogy and microfractures in the middle Bakken Formation,Williston Basin,NorthDakota[R].New Orleans:AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition,2010.
[8]赵俊龙,张君峰,许浩,等.北美典型致密油地质特征对比及分类[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(1):44-50.
[9]邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653.
[10]薛良清,董大忠,李小地,等.中国石油未来油气勘探重点领域分析[J].中国石油勘探,2002,7(2):1-7.
[11]姚泾利,邓秀芹,赵彦德,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密油特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(2):150-158.
[12]杨华,李士祥,刘显阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力[J].石油学报,2013,34(1):1-11.
[13]贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):343-350.
[14]邹才能,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望:以中国致密油和致密气为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):173-187.
[15]任战利,李文厚,梁宇,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组致密油成藏条件及主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(2):190-198.
[16]王明磊,张遂安,张福东,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段致密油微观赋存形式定量研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):1-6.
[17]杨华,付金华,刘新社,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界致密气成藏条件与勘探开发[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(3):295-303.
[18]窦伟坦,杜玉斌,于波,等.全数字地震叠前储层预测技术在苏里格天然气勘探中的研究与应用[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(4):63-68.
[19]张春贺,乔德武,李世臻,等.复杂地区油气地球物理勘探技术集成[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):374-387.
[20]杜中东,邓述全,汪兴业,等.黄土塬非纵地震勘探技术及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增刊1):35-39.
[21]高利东,赵玉华,张克诚,等.非纵地震勘探技术及应用[J].石油化工应用,2011,30(5):4-6.
[22]王红伟,陈调胜,刘宝宪,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部地区上古生界砂体地震预测及勘探新突破[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(4):2132-2140.
[23]蔡克汉,张盟勃,高改,等.基于叠前反演的储层预测技术在陕北黄土塬白云岩气藏的应用[J].物探与化探,2014,38(6):1164-1171.
[24]程建远,李宁.黄土塬区地震勘探技术发展现状综述[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(12):73-75.
[25]Popov M A,Nuccio V F,Dyman T S,et al.Basin-centered gas system of the U.S[R].Virginia:USGS,2000.
[26]张金川,金之钧,庞雄奇,等.深盆气成藏条件及其内部特征[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(3):210-214.
[27]庞正炼,邹才能,陶士振,等.中国致密油形成分布与资源潜力评价[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(7):60-67.
[28]聂海宽,包书景,高波,等.四川盆地及其周缘下古生界页岩气保存条件研究[J].地学前缘,2012,19(3):280-294.
[29]李凤杰,李磊,魏旭,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区长6油层组湖底扇内深水重力流沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2014,16(6):827-834.
[30]廖纪佳,朱筱敏,邓秀芹,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组重力流沉积特征及其模式[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):29-39.
[31]付金华,邓秀芹,张晓磊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组深水砂岩与致密油的关系[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):624-634.
[32]李相博,陈启林,刘化清,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组3种沉积物重力流及其含油气性[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):16-21.
[33]Shanmugam G.Deep-water process and facies model:A critical perspective[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(2):285-342.
[34]姚宜同,李士祥,赵彦德,等.鄂尔多斯盆地新安边地区长7致密油特征及控制因素[J].沉积学报,2015,33(3):625-632.
[35]刘振峰,董宁,张永贵,等.致密碎屑岩储层地震反演技术方案及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(2):298-304.
[36]印兴耀,曹丹平,王保丽,等.基于叠前地震反演的流体识别方法研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(1):22-34.
[37]苑书金.叠前地震反演技术的进展及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):879-886.
[38]Veeken P C H,Silva M D.Seismic inversion methods and some of their constrains[J].First Break,2004,22:47-70.
[39]Bredesen K,Jensen E H,Johansen T A,et al.Seismic reservoir and source-rock analysis using inverse rock-physics modeling:A Norwegian Sea demonstration[J].The Leading Edge,2015,34(11):1350-1355.
[40]苑书金.非正交小波变换的频谱分解技术在大牛地气田储层预测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27(12):52-54.
[41]柏冠军,吴汉宁,赵希刚,等.地震资料预测薄层厚度方法研究与应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):554-558.