硫化锑精矿全湿法清洁提取工艺
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摘要
为解决现行湿法炼锑过程中废水量大、电流效率低、设备腐蚀的问题,提出一种全湿法清洁炼锑新工艺。采用"三氯化铁浸出—铁粉置换—隔膜电积铁"的工艺路线进行硫化锑精矿的清洁提取。首先,采用隔膜电积法制备了三氯化铁浸出液,获得优化实验条件为:电流强度为300A/m~2、电解液温度为40℃,此时,阴阳极电流效率均在99%以上;其次,以电积时阳极得到的三氯化铁溶液为浸出剂经两段浸出硫化锑精矿,获得了96.56%的锑浸出率,该过程选择性高;最后,以铁粉进行氯化锑浸出液的置换,经两次置换,93.89%的锑被置换出。工艺操作简单、试剂消耗少,具有良好的工业应用前景。
In order to solve the problem of large amount of wastewater,low current efficiency and corrosion of equipment in the current antimony hydrometallurgical process,a whole new hydrometallurgical process was proposed.The process of " FeCl_3 leaching-iron powder replacement-diaphragm electrodeposited iron" was used for the cleaning extraction of strontium sulfide concentrate.Firstly,the FeCl_3 leaching solution was prepared by diaphragm electrowinning method.The optimized experimental conditions were:current density was 300 A/m~2,and the electrolyte temperature was 40℃,and both anode and cathode current efficiencies were above 99%.Secondly,the ferric chloride solution obtained by the anode during electrowinning is used as the leaching agent to leaching strontium sulfide in two stages.and the leaching rate of 96.56% was obtained and the process was highly selective.Finally,the strontium chloride leaching solution was replaced by iron powder,and 93.89% of the antimony was replaced by two substitutions.The new process is easy to operate and the reagent consumption is low,and it has a potential industrial application prospects.
In order to solve the problem of large amount of wastewater,low current efficiency and corrosion of equipment in the current antimony hydrometallurgical process,a whole new hydrometallurgical process was proposed.The process of " FeCl_3 leaching-iron powder replacement-diaphragm electrodeposited iron" was used for the cleaning extraction of strontium sulfide concentrate.Firstly,the FeCl_3 leaching solution was prepared by diaphragm electrowinning method.The optimized experimental conditions were:current density was 300 A/m~2,and the electrolyte temperature was 40℃,and both anode and cathode current efficiencies were above 99%.Secondly,the ferric chloride solution obtained by the anode during electrowinning is used as the leaching agent to leaching strontium sulfide in two stages.and the leaching rate of 96.56% was obtained and the process was highly selective.Finally,the strontium chloride leaching solution was replaced by iron powder,and 93.89% of the antimony was replaced by two substitutions.The new process is easy to operate and the reagent consumption is low,and it has a potential industrial application prospects.
引文
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[9]AWE S A,SUNDKVIST J E,BOLIN N J,et al.Process flowsheet development for recovering antimony from Sb-bearing copper concentrates[J].Minerals Engineering,2013,49(8):45-49.
[2]雷霆,朱从杰,张汉平.锑冶金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2009:156-243.LEI Ting,ZHU Congjie,ZHANG Hanping.Antimony Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2009:156-243.
[3]王成彦,邱定蕃,江培海.国内锑冶金技术现状及进展[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2002(5):6-10.WANG Chengyan,QIU Dingfan,JIANG Peihai.Status and development of antimony metallurgy technology in China[J].Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2002(5):6-10.
[4]叶龙刚,唐朝波,唐谟堂,等.硫化锑精矿低温熔炼新工艺[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(9):3338-3343.YE Longgang,TANG Chaobo,TANG Motang,et al.Separation antimony from stibnite concentrate through a low temperature[J].Journal of Central South University,2012,43(9):3338-3343.
[5]YANG J G,YANG S H,TANG C B.The membrane electrowinning separation of antimony from a stibnite concentrate[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B.2013,44(2):479-481.
[6]YANG J G,WU Y T.A hydrometallurgical process for the separation and recovery of antimony[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,143(3):68-74.
[7]廖春发,曾颜亮,金军,等.从铜阳极泥分离锑富集物中浸出锑的机理研究[J].有色金属工程,2017,7(6):34-38.LIAO Chunfa,ZENG Yanliang,JIN Jun,et al.The mechanism research of antimony leaching from copper anode slime points antimony enrichment[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2017,7(6):34-38.
[8]张永禄,王成彦,陈永强,等.高砷锑金精矿矿浆电解生产实践[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2014(11):16-20.ZHANG Yonglu,WANG Chengyan,CHEN yongqiang,et al.Plant practice of slurry electrolysis of high arsenic gold-bearing stibnite concentrate[J].Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2014(11):16-20.
[9]AWE S A,SUNDKVIST J E,BOLIN N J,et al.Process flowsheet development for recovering antimony from Sb-bearing copper concentrates[J].Minerals Engineering,2013,49(8):45-49.