摘要
为了明确黑龙江省小麦品种(系)对中国秆锈菌的抗性水平和了解抗秆锈病基因在该区域的分布情况,本研究选用中国小麦秆锈菌流行小种21C3CTHQM、34MKGQM和34C3RTGQM对从该区域征集到的83份主要小麦品种(系)进行了苗期抗秆锈病的评价,并利用与抗秆锈病基因Sr2、Sr24、Sr25、Sr26、Sr31和Sr38紧密连锁的分子标记分别进行了分子检测,结合苗期表型及系谱,推测这些品种(系)可能含有的抗病基因。结果表明,83份小麦品种(系)对供试秆锈菌小种均表现抗性,对21C3CTHQM、34MKGQM和34C3RTGQM表现免疫或近免疫的分别为57、53和60份,各占供试材料数量的68.68%、63.85%和72.29%,其他剩余材料对3个供试秆锈菌小种表现中抗或高抗。分子标记分析表明,83份主要小麦品种(系)中有12份可能含有Sr2;克旱3号可能含有Sr25; 6份小麦品种可能含有Sr31; 19份小麦品种可能含有Sr38;没有检测出含有Sr24和Sr26的品种。因此,黑龙江省小麦品种对中国小麦秆锈病抗性水平相对较高,含有抗秆锈病基因Sr2以及对我国小麦秆锈病表现良好抗性的基因Sr31和Sr38,可能含有其他未知抗秆锈病基因,这些优良抗源材料可作为未来小麦生产育种的种质资源。
For clarifying the resistance level of wheat cultivars or lines developed in Heilongjiang to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici( Pgt) and finding out the stem rust resistance genes utilization in them,the seedling stem rust resistance of 83 major wheat cultivars or lines collected from Heilongjiang were evaluated with predominant Chinese Pgt races 21 C3 CTHQM,34 MKGQM and 34 C3 RTGQM in this study. Besides,molecular markers closely linked with genes Sr2,Sr24,Sr25,Sr26,Sr31,and Sr38 were used for molecular identification. Resistance genes possibly carried in the cultivars were analyzed based on the results of molecular identification,seedling reaction types as well as cultivar pedigrees. The results showed that all tested wheat cultivars or lines were resistant to the three tested races. Among them,57,53 and 60 of the 83 cultivars were immune or nearly immune to21 C3 CTHQM,34 MKGQM and 34 C3 RTGQM,namely accounting for 68.68%,63.85% and 72.29% of the total cultivars,respectively. The rest others remained moderately or highly resistant to the tested races. With molecular marker analysis,12 of 83 wheat cultivars or lines possibly carry gene Sr2,Sr25 tested in Kehan 3,and Sr31 and Sr38 in 6 and 19 wheat cultivars respectively. Both genes Sr24 and Sr26 were not detected in any tested cultivar.Therefore,wheat cultivars developed in Heilongjiang Province was relatively highly resistant to stem rust. Most of them carry resistance gene Sr2,and/or Sr31 and Sr38 being resistant to all Chinese Pgt races,and/or possible other unknown resistance genes. These highly resistant wheat cultivars can be used as effective resistance resources for future wheat breeding.
引文
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