海带多糖对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长性能和免疫力的影响
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摘要
为了探究海带多糖对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长性能和免疫力的影响,在石斑鱼膨化颗粒配合饲料中添加0.6%海带多糖投喂平均体重(275.55±29.79)g·尾-1的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼,结合养殖场实际生产,试验组和对照组各设2口面积30m2水泥池,每口放养约1 800尾,在封闭式循环水饲养系统饲养66d。试验结果表明,添加海带多糖的试验组比对照组增重率提高29.03%(P<0.05),特定生长率提高23.88%(P<0.05),饲料系数降低15.20%(P<0.05);试验组石斑鱼每增重1kg的饲料成本比对照组减少1.96元,饲料成本降低了12.54%;试验组与对照组石斑鱼肌肉营养成分差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组珍珠龙胆石斑鱼免疫活性(碱性磷酸酶AKP、溶菌酶LZM、总超氧化物歧化酶T-SOD)比对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。研究表明,海带多糖具有提高珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长性能、增强机体免疫力的作用。
An experimentation was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of laminarin in feed on the growth,body composition and immunity of pearl gentian groupers at an aquaculture farm.Four separate 30m2 concrete pools were used as a closed circulating water aquaculture system for the experiment.Simultaneously,approximately 1 800 groupers were placed in each of two pools for the treatment or control.The initial weight of the individual fish was(275.55±29.79)g.They were fed with either a control diet or one containing 0.6%laminarin in the pools for 66 d.At end of the feeding period,the weight gain of the groupers in the treatment group increased 29.03%(P<0.05),the specific growth ratio increased 23.88%(P<0.05),and the feed conversion rate decreased 15.20%(P<0.05)over those of control,while the nutrient content in flesh of the treatment showed no significant difference as compared with control(P>0.05).For each kg weight gain on the fish,the cost of the treatment diet was 1.96 yuan less than that of control,i.e.,a reduction of 12.54%.On the other hand,the activities of alkaline phosphatase,lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase enzymes of the groupers in the treatment group were significantly higher than those of control(P<0.05).It was,thus,concluded that addition of 0.6%laminarin in the regular feed would improve the growth and enhance the immunity of pearl gentian groupers in aquaculture.
An experimentation was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of laminarin in feed on the growth,body composition and immunity of pearl gentian groupers at an aquaculture farm.Four separate 30m2 concrete pools were used as a closed circulating water aquaculture system for the experiment.Simultaneously,approximately 1 800 groupers were placed in each of two pools for the treatment or control.The initial weight of the individual fish was(275.55±29.79)g.They were fed with either a control diet or one containing 0.6%laminarin in the pools for 66 d.At end of the feeding period,the weight gain of the groupers in the treatment group increased 29.03%(P<0.05),the specific growth ratio increased 23.88%(P<0.05),and the feed conversion rate decreased 15.20%(P<0.05)over those of control,while the nutrient content in flesh of the treatment showed no significant difference as compared with control(P>0.05).For each kg weight gain on the fish,the cost of the treatment diet was 1.96 yuan less than that of control,i.e.,a reduction of 12.54%.On the other hand,the activities of alkaline phosphatase,lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase enzymes of the groupers in the treatment group were significantly higher than those of control(P<0.05).It was,thus,concluded that addition of 0.6%laminarin in the regular feed would improve the growth and enhance the immunity of pearl gentian groupers in aquaculture.
引文
[1]钱风云,傅德贤.海带粗多糖生物功能研究进展[J].中国海洋药物,2003,22(1):55-59.
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[4]林建斌,李金秋,朱庆国.点带石斑鱼湿颗粒饲料饲养试验[J].福建农业学报,2005,20(4):247-250.
[5]林建斌,朱庆国,李金秋.点带石斑鱼幼鱼配合饲料的适宜能量蛋白比[J].广东海洋大学学报,2010,30(6):14-20.
[6]李文武,殷光文,林希,等.海带多糖对斜带石斑鱼生长性能及胃肠道消化酶活性的影响[J].饲料研究,2015,(4):59-62.
[7]李文武,殷光文,林希,等.海带粗多糖对斜带石斑鱼血清指标的影响[J].海洋科学,2015,39(6):59-64.
[8]蔡彬新,周逢芳,姚玲灵.海带多糖的提取工艺[J].食品研究与开发,2012,33(9):80-82.
[9]林英,曹松屹,曹冬煦.海带多糖提取方法研究进展[J].水产科技情报,2008,35(4):168-170.
[10]姚兰.海带中多糖的提取及其综合利用[D].济南:山东轻工业学院,2007.
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[12]刘树青,江晓路.免疫多糖对中国对虾血清溶血酶、磷酸化酶、CAT酶的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,1999,30(3):278-281.
[13]孙虎山,李光友.硒多糖和酵母聚糖对节孔扇贝血液中两种抗氧化酶活力的影响[J].中国海洋药物,2000,(5):20-22.
[14]周永灿,张本,陈雪芬,等.嗜麦芽假单胞茵脂多糖的制备及其在卵形鲳中的免疫效应[J].水产学报,2002,26(2):143-148.
[15]向枭,陈建,周兴华,等.黄芪多糖对齐口裂腹鱼生长、体组成和免疫指标的影响[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(2):291-297.
[16]刘洪丽,陈忠伟,胡庭俊,等.马尾藻多糖对奥尼罗非鱼生长性能、血液生化指标和免疫调节的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(29):14215-14217.
[17]迟玉森,张付云.海洋生物活性物质[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:113-136.
[18]SHIROSAKI M,KOYAMA T.Laminaria japonica as a food for the pevention of obesity and diabetes[J].Advances in food and nutrition research,2011,64:199-212.
[19]WALSH A M,SWEENEY T,O'SHEA C J,et al.Effects of supplementing dietary laminarin and fucoidan on intestinal morphology and the immune gene expression in the weaned pig[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(S 4):284-286.
[20]杨福刚,周洪琪,黄旭雄.不同β-葡聚糖对凡纳滨对虾稚虾生长及非特异免疫功能的影响[J].上海水产大学学报,2005,14(3):263-269.
[21]ZVYAGINTSEVA N.Tatiana.Inhibitjon of complement activation by water-soluble polysaccharides of some far-eastern brown seaweeds.Comp Biochem Physiol,Part C:Toxicol Pharmacol,2000,126C(3):209-219.
[22]王庭欣,赵文,蒋东升.海带多糖对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用[J].卫生毒理学杂志,2000,14(2):75-80.
[23]詹林盛.海带多糖的免疫调节作用[J].中国生化药物杂志,2001,22(3):16-20.
[2]赖晓芳,沈善瑞.海带粗多糖生物活性的研究进展[J].生物技术通讯,2004,14(5):436-438.
[3]林建斌,李金秋,朱庆国.不同蛋白水平和不同能量蛋白比饲料对点带石斑鱼生长的影响[J].上海水产大学学报,2008,17(1):88-92.
[4]林建斌,李金秋,朱庆国.点带石斑鱼湿颗粒饲料饲养试验[J].福建农业学报,2005,20(4):247-250.
[5]林建斌,朱庆国,李金秋.点带石斑鱼幼鱼配合饲料的适宜能量蛋白比[J].广东海洋大学学报,2010,30(6):14-20.
[6]李文武,殷光文,林希,等.海带多糖对斜带石斑鱼生长性能及胃肠道消化酶活性的影响[J].饲料研究,2015,(4):59-62.
[7]李文武,殷光文,林希,等.海带粗多糖对斜带石斑鱼血清指标的影响[J].海洋科学,2015,39(6):59-64.
[8]蔡彬新,周逢芳,姚玲灵.海带多糖的提取工艺[J].食品研究与开发,2012,33(9):80-82.
[9]林英,曹松屹,曹冬煦.海带多糖提取方法研究进展[J].水产科技情报,2008,35(4):168-170.
[10]姚兰.海带中多糖的提取及其综合利用[D].济南:山东轻工业学院,2007.
[11]许凤清,吴皓.海带多糖的研究进展[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2005,12(6):106-108.
[12]刘树青,江晓路.免疫多糖对中国对虾血清溶血酶、磷酸化酶、CAT酶的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,1999,30(3):278-281.
[13]孙虎山,李光友.硒多糖和酵母聚糖对节孔扇贝血液中两种抗氧化酶活力的影响[J].中国海洋药物,2000,(5):20-22.
[14]周永灿,张本,陈雪芬,等.嗜麦芽假单胞茵脂多糖的制备及其在卵形鲳中的免疫效应[J].水产学报,2002,26(2):143-148.
[15]向枭,陈建,周兴华,等.黄芪多糖对齐口裂腹鱼生长、体组成和免疫指标的影响[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(2):291-297.
[16]刘洪丽,陈忠伟,胡庭俊,等.马尾藻多糖对奥尼罗非鱼生长性能、血液生化指标和免疫调节的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(29):14215-14217.
[17]迟玉森,张付云.海洋生物活性物质[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:113-136.
[18]SHIROSAKI M,KOYAMA T.Laminaria japonica as a food for the pevention of obesity and diabetes[J].Advances in food and nutrition research,2011,64:199-212.
[19]WALSH A M,SWEENEY T,O'SHEA C J,et al.Effects of supplementing dietary laminarin and fucoidan on intestinal morphology and the immune gene expression in the weaned pig[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(S 4):284-286.
[20]杨福刚,周洪琪,黄旭雄.不同β-葡聚糖对凡纳滨对虾稚虾生长及非特异免疫功能的影响[J].上海水产大学学报,2005,14(3):263-269.
[21]ZVYAGINTSEVA N.Tatiana.Inhibitjon of complement activation by water-soluble polysaccharides of some far-eastern brown seaweeds.Comp Biochem Physiol,Part C:Toxicol Pharmacol,2000,126C(3):209-219.
[22]王庭欣,赵文,蒋东升.海带多糖对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用[J].卫生毒理学杂志,2000,14(2):75-80.
[23]詹林盛.海带多糖的免疫调节作用[J].中国生化药物杂志,2001,22(3):16-20.