巨噬细胞真菌多糖受体研究进展
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摘要
大型真菌多糖能够调节免疫应答、细胞代谢、细胞癌变等多项生命活动。大型真菌多糖不仅能影响免疫器官,还能激活巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞、树突状细胞等免疫细胞。研究表明,巨噬细胞表面存在特异性真菌多糖受体,该类受体能够与真菌多糖结合,激活巨噬细胞,发生免疫反应。目前已发现的真菌多糖受体包括Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)、树突状细胞相关C型凝集素-1(dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1,Dectin-1)、甘露糖受体和补体受体3等。在免疫应答的最初阶段,巨噬细胞通过识别外部真菌多糖配体被活化,启动胞内的信号转导途径,最终发生吞噬能力增强,促进一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxide,NO)产生和细胞因子分泌等一系列免疫反应。然而,真菌多糖刺激巨噬细胞表面受体作用机制的研究有待进一步深入,这些研究将帮助我们更好地理解免疫反应精细调控机制,寻找新型天然免疫调节剂。
The large edible fungus polysaccharide is closely related to the immune response, cell metabolism, cell carcinogenesis, and so on. It can not only affect the immune organs, but also activate the immune cells, such as macrophages, lymphocytes, dendritic cells and so on. There is a specific receptor on the surface of macrophages, which can bind to fungus polysaccharides, activate macrophages, and produce immune responses. It has been found that the fungus polysaccharide receptors including Toll-like receptors(TLRs), dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1(Dectin-1), mannose receptor, complement receptor 3 and so on. The activation of intracellular signal transduction pathways by the recognition of external fungus polysaccharide ligands at the initial stage of the immune response, the eventual enhancement of phagocytosis, the promotion of NO production and cytokine secretion and a series of immune responses. However, the study of the mechanism of the effect of fungal polysaccharides on macrophage surface receptors needs to be further studied. These studies will help us to better understand the fine regulation of immune response mechanisms and find a new type of natural immune modulators.
The large edible fungus polysaccharide is closely related to the immune response, cell metabolism, cell carcinogenesis, and so on. It can not only affect the immune organs, but also activate the immune cells, such as macrophages, lymphocytes, dendritic cells and so on. There is a specific receptor on the surface of macrophages, which can bind to fungus polysaccharides, activate macrophages, and produce immune responses. It has been found that the fungus polysaccharide receptors including Toll-like receptors(TLRs), dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1(Dectin-1), mannose receptor, complement receptor 3 and so on. The activation of intracellular signal transduction pathways by the recognition of external fungus polysaccharide ligands at the initial stage of the immune response, the eventual enhancement of phagocytosis, the promotion of NO production and cytokine secretion and a series of immune responses. However, the study of the mechanism of the effect of fungal polysaccharides on macrophage surface receptors needs to be further studied. These studies will help us to better understand the fine regulation of immune response mechanisms and find a new type of natural immune modulators.
引文
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2江霞,徐铭,殷彦君,张丽.多糖的生物活性及其在动物生产中的应用.中国畜牧兽医(Jiang xia,Xu Ming,Yin Yanjun,Zhang Li.Biological activities and application in animal production of polysaccharide.China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine)2009;36(1):31-4.
3邹云,谢红兵,贺建华.中草药多糖的免疫调节作用及其受体的研究.中国饲料(Zou Yun,Xie Hongbin,He Jianhua.Study on the immune regulation effect of Chinese herbal medicine polysaccharide and its receptor.China Feed)2013;5:22-5.
4崔倩倩,刘朝奇,袁丁.植物多糖对巨噬细胞免疫调控影响的研究进展.广东医学(Cui Qianqian,Liu Chaoqi,Yuan Ding.Effects of plant polysaccharides on immune regulation of macrophages.Guangdong Medical Journal)2015;36(6):968-70.
5 Chen X,Nie W,Yu G,Li Y,Hu Y,Lu J,et al.Antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from Sargassum fusiforme.Food Chem Toxicol.2012;50(3/4):695-700.
6 Sun L,Wang L,Zhou Y.Immunomodulation and antitumor activities of different-molecular-weight polysaccharides from Porphyridium cruentum.Carbohydr Polym 2012;87(2):1206-10.
7 Zhang B,Yan P,Chen H,He J.Optimization of production conditions for mushroom polysaccharides with high yield and antitumor activity.Carbohydr Polym 2012;87(4):2569-75.
8刘玉红,王凤山.真菌多糖结构研究进展.中国药学杂志(Liu Yuhong,Wang Fenshan.Research progress on the structure of fungal polysaccharide.Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal)2007;42(8):561-4.
9郝瑞芳,景浩.真菌多糖的研究进展.中国食物与营养(Hao Ruifang,Jing Hao.Research progress of fungal polysaccharides.Food and Nutrition in China)2008;14(4):19-22.
10董淑楠,朱柯蕙,印虹,孙桂菊.枸杞多糖的理化性质及其免疫调节研究进展.中国医药生物技术(Dong Shunan,Zhu Kehui,Yin Hong,Sun Guiju.Research progress on physical and chemical properties and immune regulation of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide.Chin Med Biotechnol)2013;8(1):66-8.
11 Jiang MH,Zhu L,Jiang JG.Immunoregulatory actions of polysaccharides from Chinese herbal medicine.Expert Opin Ther Targets.2010;14(12):1367-402.
12荣岳光,佟建明.多糖对巨噬细胞功能影响的研究进展.中国畜牧兽医(Rong Yueguang,Tong Jianming.Progress of research on effects of polysaccharides on macrophage.China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine)2007;34(5):9-13.
13许海林,吴小勇,聂少平,黄延盛,唐青涛.黑木耳多糖提取工艺优化及其对小鼠巨噬细胞功能的影响.食品科学(Xu Hailin,Wu Xiaoyong,Nie Shaoping,Huang Yansheng,Tang Qingtao.Optimization of extraction conditions of crude polysaccharide from auricularia auricular and its effects on the functions of mouse peritoneal macrophages.Food Science)2016;37(10):100-4.
14陈洁,吴小南,杨雪帆,黄芳.慈菇多糖通过m TOR信号通路提高巨噬细胞功能.中国公共卫生(Chen Jie,Wu Xiaonan,Yang Xuefan,Huang Fang.Enhancement effect of Sagittaria sagittifolia polysaccharide on immune function of macrophages through m TOR signal pathway.Chinese Journal of Public Health)2016;32(12):1692-5.
15 Osińska-Jaroszuk M,Jaszek M,Mizerska-Dudka M,B?achowicz A,Rejczak TP,Janusz GMonika OJ,et al.Exopolysaccharide from Ganoderma applanatum as a promising bioactive compound with cytostatic and antibacterial properties.Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:743812.
16王思芦,汪开毓,彭艳伶.野生鸡枞菌多糖的提取及其免疫活性分析.中国兽医科学(Wang Silu,Wang Kaiyu,Peng Yanling.Immune activity of a polysaccharides isolated from wild Collybia albuminosa.Chinese Veterinary Science)2011;41(12):1276-81.
17王米,张丽芳,费陈忠,张可煜,王霄旸,薛飞群.蛹虫草多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响.中国生化药物杂志(Wang Mi,Zhang Lifang,Fei Chenzhong,Zhang Keyu,Wang Xiaoyang,Xue Feiqun.Effects of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides on immune function of mouse peritoneal macrophage.Chinese Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutics)2015;35(4):10-2.
18云少君,李晨光,冯翠萍,常明昌,孟俊龙,刘靖宇.巴氏蘑菇多糖对巨噬细胞RAW264.7免疫活性的影响.中国食品学报(Yun Shaojun,Li Chenguang,Feng Cuiping,Chang Mingchang,Meng Junlong,Liu Jingyu.The influence of different concentrations of agaricus blazei murill polysaccharides on the immune activity of macrophage RAW264.7.Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology)2015;15(8):32-6.
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