毛蚶血细胞分类及吞噬功能研究
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摘要
通过光镜观察毛蚶血细胞形态和结构,对其分类进行研究,分析不同类型血细胞吞噬能力,并研究温度对血细胞吞噬功能的影响。结果鉴定出毛蚶血细胞中有3种类型:(1)大透明细胞,大小为(12.97±1.22)μm,核质比为0.311±0.016,所占比例为(46.40±8.73)%;(2)颗粒细胞,大小为(9.98±1.85)μm,核质比0.390±0.058,所占比例为(41.48±8.63)%;(3)小透明细胞,大小为(7.60±1.17)μm,核质比为0.499±0.049,所占比例为(12.12±4.00)%。毛蚶血细胞在血淋巴液中的平均密度为(7.69±0.98)×106 cell/m L。体外吞噬活性试验表明,大透明细胞和颗粒细胞对酵母聚糖的吞噬率显著高于小透明细胞,吞噬率分别为(61.77±3.30)%、(61.32±3.62)%、(16.59±3.88)%。于15、20、25、30、35℃温度下进行毛蚶血细胞的吞噬试验,结果表明温度变化对血细胞吞噬能力产生明显的影响,30℃条件下,血细胞的吞噬活性最强,吞噬率达到(51.49±4.22)%。
Light microscopical studies were carried out to characterize the hemocytes of Scapharca subcrenata. According to the size, shape, and some structural characteristics of the cells, three types of hemocytes were identified:(1)Large hyalinocytes, with a size of(12.97±1.22)μm, N/C ratio of 0.311±0.016, and percentage of(46.40±8.73)%;(2)Granulocytes, with a size of(9.98±1.85)μm, N/C ratio of 0.390±0.058 and percentage of(41.48±8.63)%;(3)Small hyalinocytes, with a size of(7.60±1.17)μm, N/C ratio of 0.499±0.049, and percentage of(12.12±4.00)%. The mean hemocytes concentration was about(7.69±0.98)×106 cell/m L. Phagocytic response to the zymosan showed that the phagocytic rate of large hyalinocytes(61.77±3.30)%, and granulocytes(61.32±3.62)% was significantly higher than that of small hyalinocytes(16.59±3.88)%. The influence of temperature at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃ on hemocyte phagocytosis was studied and the results showed percentage of phagocytosing hemocytes was highest at 30 ℃, reaching to(51.49±4.22)%.
Light microscopical studies were carried out to characterize the hemocytes of Scapharca subcrenata. According to the size, shape, and some structural characteristics of the cells, three types of hemocytes were identified:(1)Large hyalinocytes, with a size of(12.97±1.22)μm, N/C ratio of 0.311±0.016, and percentage of(46.40±8.73)%;(2)Granulocytes, with a size of(9.98±1.85)μm, N/C ratio of 0.390±0.058 and percentage of(41.48±8.63)%;(3)Small hyalinocytes, with a size of(7.60±1.17)μm, N/C ratio of 0.499±0.049, and percentage of(12.12±4.00)%. The mean hemocytes concentration was about(7.69±0.98)×106 cell/m L. Phagocytic response to the zymosan showed that the phagocytic rate of large hyalinocytes(61.77±3.30)%, and granulocytes(61.32±3.62)% was significantly higher than that of small hyalinocytes(16.59±3.88)%. The influence of temperature at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃ on hemocyte phagocytosis was studied and the results showed percentage of phagocytosing hemocytes was highest at 30 ℃, reaching to(51.49±4.22)%.
引文
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[3]许秀芹,王宜艳,孙虎山.流式细胞术比较研究4种双壳贝类血细胞的分群[J].海洋湖沼通报,2006(1):46-50.
[4]Sun J,Wang A,Xian J,et al.Endoenzymes and mitochondrial membrane potential associated with hemocyte types in Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].Journal of Shellfish research,2016,35(2):569-575.
[5]Bachère E,Hervio D,Mialhe E.Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence by hemocytes of two marine bivalves,Ostrea edulis and Crassostrea gigas[J].Diseases of Aquatic Organisms,1991,11(3):173-180.
[6]Xu B,Zhao J,Zhang Y,et al.Role of hemoglobin fromblood clam Scapharca kagoshimensis beyond oxygen transport[J].Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2015,44(1):248-256.
[7]Hartman F A,Lessler M A.Erythrocyte measurements in fishes,amphibian and reptiles[J].The Biological Bulletin,1964,126(1):83-88.
[8]张维翥,吴信忠,汪明.海湾扇贝血细胞的表面结构及超微结构[J].动物学报,2005,51(6):486-494.
[9]朱泽闻,徐立蒲,吴信忠,等.泥蚶血细胞的形态结构特征及部分免疫功能[J].水产学报,2011,35(10):1494-1504.
[10]Thompson R J,Bayne C J,Moore M N,et al.Haemolymph volume changes in the biochemical composition of the blood and cytological responses of the digestive cells in Mytilus californianus Conrad induced by nutrional,thermal and exposure stress[J].Journal of Comparative Physiology A,1978,127(4):287-298.
[11]张维翥,吴信忠,李登峰,等.栉孔扇贝血液细胞的免疫功能[J].动物学报,2005,51(4):669-677.
[12]王江勇,郭志勋,冯娟,等.杂色鲍血细胞免疫特点及免疫功能的研究[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(3):71-76.
[13]Sun J,Wu X,Zhang W.Morphological,structural,and functional characteristics of the haemocytes of the oyster,Crassostrea ariakensis[J].Journal of Shellfish Research,2006,25(1):55-64.
[14]Zhang W,Wu X,Sun J,et al.Morphological and functional characterization of the hemocytes of the scallop,Chlamys farrei[J].Journal of Shellfish Research,2005,24(4):931-936.
[15]汪青,包永波,林志华,等.5种水产动物血红细胞形态显微观察比较及进化分析[J].海洋科学,2011,35(10):69-74.
[16]Fisher W S.Structure and functions of Oyster hemocytes[M]//Brehélin M.Immunity in invertebrates.Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,1986.