海南胶园土壤酸碱缓冲性能研究
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摘要
为探明海南省橡胶园土壤酸缓冲性能及其影响因素,采用酸碱滴定法对海南省植胶区代表性的5种类型土壤进行测定。结果表明:供试土壤pH处于4.58~6.69,平均为5.53。当pH3.5~6.0时,土壤缓冲体系为初级缓冲体系,不同类型土壤酸缓冲能力相差较大,土壤中有机质含量、阳离子交换量、粘粒含量等因素起主要的缓冲作用,各胶园土壤酸缓冲容量均较小(pHBC=7.50~20.62 mmol/kg)。当pH<3.5时,土壤缓冲体系为次级缓冲体系,各土壤缓冲能力急剧增强,且在同一pH阶段,各土壤酸缓冲能力相差较小。可见,海南省土壤大多属于酸性,土壤酸缓冲能力差,不同土壤之间土壤酸缓冲性能相差很大,土壤有机质含量、阳离子交换量、粘粒含量等土壤理化性质是影响土壤酸缓冲作用的主要因素。
The aim of this paper was to explore the soil acid buffer performance of rubber plantation in Hainan Province and to find main factors associating with this performance. The acid-base titration determination was used to analyze soil samples collected from the five typical soil types of Hainan Province. Results showed that soil p H ranged from 4.58 to 6.69, with an average of 5.53. When p H3.5-6.0, soil buffer system was the primary buffer system. Different soils differed significantly in soil acid buffer abilities. However, the soil acid buffer capacities were small(p HBC=7.50-20.62 mmol/kg). Soil organic matter, cation exchange content, and clay contents were the main factors in regulating soil buffer abilities. When p H<3.5, soil buffer system was the secondary buffer system.The soil buffer capacities increased dramatically, and differed slightly between different soil samples. In conclusion,most soils were acidicin Hainan Province. Different soils differed greatly in the soil acid buffer ability. However,the soil acid buffer abilities were rather small for most soils. Soil physical and chemical properties were the main factors influencing soil acid buffer abilities, such as soil organic matter, cation exchange content, and clay contents.
The aim of this paper was to explore the soil acid buffer performance of rubber plantation in Hainan Province and to find main factors associating with this performance. The acid-base titration determination was used to analyze soil samples collected from the five typical soil types of Hainan Province. Results showed that soil p H ranged from 4.58 to 6.69, with an average of 5.53. When p H3.5-6.0, soil buffer system was the primary buffer system. Different soils differed significantly in soil acid buffer abilities. However, the soil acid buffer capacities were small(p HBC=7.50-20.62 mmol/kg). Soil organic matter, cation exchange content, and clay contents were the main factors in regulating soil buffer abilities. When p H<3.5, soil buffer system was the secondary buffer system.The soil buffer capacities increased dramatically, and differed slightly between different soil samples. In conclusion,most soils were acidicin Hainan Province. Different soils differed greatly in the soil acid buffer ability. However,the soil acid buffer abilities were rather small for most soils. Soil physical and chemical properties were the main factors influencing soil acid buffer abilities, such as soil organic matter, cation exchange content, and clay contents.
引文
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[22]Ulrich B.Natural and anthropogenic components of soil acidification[J].Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernahrung und Bodenkunde,1986,149(6):702-717.
[23]Wang H,Xu R,Wang N,et al.Soil acidification of alfisols as influenced by tea cultivation in Eastern China[J].Pedosphere,2010,20(6):799-806.
[24]梁尧,韩晓增,丁雪丽.东北黑土有机质组分与结构的研究进展[J].土壤,2012,44(6):888-897.
[25]于天仁.中国土壤的酸度特点和酸化问题[J].土壤通报,1988,32(2):49-51.
[26]陈照喜.土壤对不同酸度酸沉降的缓冲作用研究[J].环境科学与技术,1995,18(4):14-16.
[27]Xu R,Zhao A,Yuan J,et al.p H buffering capacity of acid soils from tropical and subtropical regions of China as influenced by incorporation of crop straw biochars[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2012,12(4):494-502.
[2]胡波,王云琦,王玉杰,等.重庆缙云山酸雨区森林土壤酸缓冲机制及影响因素[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):77-83.
[3]王敬华,张效年,于天仁.华南红壤对酸雨敏感性的研究[J].土壤学报,1994,31(4):348-355.
[4]Huang P,Zhang J,Zhu A,et al.Acid and alkali buffer capacity of typical fluvor-aquic soil in huang-huai-hai plain[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2009,8(11):1 378-1 383.
[5]Bricker O P.Geological aspects of acid deposition[M].Boston:Butterworth Publishers,1984.
[6]Aitken R L,Moody P W.The effect of valence and ionicstrength on the measurement of p H buffer capacity[J].Soil Research,1994,32(5):975-984.
[7]廖柏寒,李长生.土壤对酸沉降缓冲机制探讨[J].环境科学,1989,10(1):30-34.
[8]张永春,汪吉东,曹丙阁,等.模拟不同p H降雨和施氮对水耕铁渗人为土酸化的影响[J].土壤学报,2012,39(2):303-310.
[9]Zhang H,Zhang G L,Zhao Y G,et al.Chemical degradation of a Ferralsol(Oxisol)under intensive rubber(Hevea brasiliensis)farming in tropical China[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2007,93(1):109-116.
[10]肖寒,欧阳志云,赵景柱,等.海南岛生态系统土壤保持空间分布特征及生态经济价值评估[J].生态学报,2000,20(4):552-558.
[11]李天富.海南岛酸雨分析研究[J].广东气象,2002(3):14-17.
[12]苏艺,杨磊,林清火,等.海南橡胶园砖红壤光谱反射特征分析[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(3):385-390.
[13]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[14]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:185.
[15]张永春,汪吉东,沈明星,等.长期不同施肥对太湖地区典型土壤酸化的影响[J].土壤学报,2010,37(3):465-472.
[16]吴甫成,彭世良,王晓燕,等.酸沉降影响下近20年来衡山土壤酸化研究[J].土壤学报,2005,32(2):219-224.
[17]Slattery W J,Edwards D G,Bell L C,et al.Soil acidification and the carbon cycle in a cropping soil of northeastern Victoria[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,1998,36(2):273-290.
[18]曾希柏.红壤酸化及其防治[J].土壤通报,2000,31(3):111-113.
[19]孙佳佳,王培,王志刚,等.不同成土母质及土地利用对红壤机械组成的影响[J].长江科学院院报,2015,32(3):54-58.
[20]沈月,依艳丽,付时丰.干湿交替及不同水、氮梯度对棕壤酸度及硝化速率的影响[C]//面向未来的土壤科学(上册)—中国土壤学会第十二次全国会员代表大会暨第九届海峡两岸土壤肥料学术交流研讨会论文集,成都:电子科技大学出版社:2012.
[21]Nelson P N,Su N H.Soil p H buffering capacity:A descriptive function and its application to some acidic tropical soils[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,2010,48(3):201-207.
[22]Ulrich B.Natural and anthropogenic components of soil acidification[J].Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernahrung und Bodenkunde,1986,149(6):702-717.
[23]Wang H,Xu R,Wang N,et al.Soil acidification of alfisols as influenced by tea cultivation in Eastern China[J].Pedosphere,2010,20(6):799-806.
[24]梁尧,韩晓增,丁雪丽.东北黑土有机质组分与结构的研究进展[J].土壤,2012,44(6):888-897.
[25]于天仁.中国土壤的酸度特点和酸化问题[J].土壤通报,1988,32(2):49-51.
[26]陈照喜.土壤对不同酸度酸沉降的缓冲作用研究[J].环境科学与技术,1995,18(4):14-16.
[27]Xu R,Zhao A,Yuan J,et al.p H buffering capacity of acid soils from tropical and subtropical regions of China as influenced by incorporation of crop straw biochars[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2012,12(4):494-502.