坪湖矿岩溶洞探测及其采动作用下的概化模型
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摘要
为更好地研究煤层开采对岩溶塌陷的影响,保护岩溶地区地质环境.本文对坪湖矿区阳坑村下的岩溶洞进行了探测分析,根据岩溶洞与主采煤层的相对位置,分别建立了采动作用下上覆岩溶洞塌陷的4种概化模型,并根据概化模型对采动引起岩溶塌陷的原因进行了分析.根据所建立的岩溶洞塌陷概化模型对坪湖矿井田范围内1#和6#塌陷坑塌陷机理进行分析,其塌陷原因是岩溶洞处于岩层弯曲下沉过程中的拉伸区域以及岩溶洞上方覆盖层较薄引起的.本文的研究为在喀斯特地区进行煤炭资源的地下开采,预防采场上方覆岩溶塌陷提供了理论依据.
In order to better study the influence of coal mining on the karst collapse,and to protect the ecological environment in karst area.The Karst of Pinghu Mine of Yang Keng village was carried out under the detection analysis,according to the relative position between the Karst cave and the primary mining coal seam,there were four kinds of generalized model of the overlying rock cave collapse were established respectively under the action of mining,meanwhile,it was mainly analyzed on the basis of the conceptual model of the causes for the collapse caused by the mining.The collapse mechanism of cave No.1 and No.6 in the area of Pinghu mine field was analyzed according to the established generalized model of karst cave collapse.The cause of the collapse was that the karst cave was located in the stretch zone in the course of the rock subsidence,and the cover layer above the rock karst cave was thinner.The study provided the theoretical basis for underground mining of coal resources and prevents karst collapse above the stope in Karst area.
In order to better study the influence of coal mining on the karst collapse,and to protect the ecological environment in karst area.The Karst of Pinghu Mine of Yang Keng village was carried out under the detection analysis,according to the relative position between the Karst cave and the primary mining coal seam,there were four kinds of generalized model of the overlying rock cave collapse were established respectively under the action of mining,meanwhile,it was mainly analyzed on the basis of the conceptual model of the causes for the collapse caused by the mining.The collapse mechanism of cave No.1 and No.6 in the area of Pinghu mine field was analyzed according to the established generalized model of karst cave collapse.The cause of the collapse was that the karst cave was located in the stretch zone in the course of the rock subsidence,and the cover layer above the rock karst cave was thinner.The study provided the theoretical basis for underground mining of coal resources and prevents karst collapse above the stope in Karst area.
引文
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[3]宋亚新.神府-东胜采煤塌陷区包起带水分运移及生态环境效益研究[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2007.
[4]聂振龙,张光辉,李金河.采矿塌陷作用对地表生态环境的影响:以神木大柳塔矿区为研究区[J].勘察科学技术,1998(4):15-20.
[5]戚春前.赵各庄矿煤炭深部开采与地表浅部地下水位变化规律探讨[J].中国煤炭,2011,37(1):48-49.
[6]程星,彭世寿.岩溶区地下水位下降致塌的数值模拟研究[J].地球与环境,2005,33(s1):119-123.
[7]谭松林,尹金香,王晓燕.湖南煤炭坝矿区岩溶塌陷的形成与易发性分区[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(6):39-42.
[8]王延岭.山东省泰莱盆地岩溶地面塌陷影响因素分析[J].中国岩溶,2016,35(1):60-66.
[9]王延岭,陈伟清,蒋小珍,等.山东省泰莱盆地岩溶塌陷发育特征及形成机理[J].中国岩溶,2015,34(5):495-506.
[10]贺可强,王滨,杜汝霖.中国北方岩溶塌陷[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:45-65.
[11]胡炳南.丰城矿区坪湖煤矿岩溶塌陷破坏研究[J].矿山测量,2012(6):1-4.
[12]余学义,张恩强.开采损害学[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2010.
[13]王建秀,杨立中,何静.岩溶塌陷演化过程中的水-土-岩相互作用分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2001,36(3):314-317.
[14]黄庆亨.浅埋煤层覆岩隔水性欲保水开采分类[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(s2):3622-3627.
[15]国家煤炭工业局.建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规程[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2000.
[16]王滨,贺可强.岩溶塌陷临界土洞的极限平衡高度[J].岩土力学,2006,27(3):458-462.
[17]樊友景,高建华,李大望.均布荷载作用下两端固支梁的弹性力学解析解[J].河南科学,2006,24(2):237-240.