切顶卸压自成巷技术在浅埋中厚煤层开采中的应用
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摘要
基于岩体碎胀特性是切顶卸压沿空留巷技术切顶参数计算和设计的关键,本文以哈拉沟煤矿12201工作面为工程背景,通过现场实测、理论分析等方法对采空区矸石碎胀特性及控制技术进行研究。现场实测表明:采空区顶板从垮落、压实到稳定,经历了三个过程,确定了每个过程的影响范围与时间效应,准确地测出采空区顶板稳定后的碎胀系数k为1.35～1.40,确定了切顶深度6m的合理性。通过建立冒落矸石稳定后力学模型,揭示了冒落矸石与留巷巷内支护的协同作用原理,提出了在工作面支架后挡矸装置采用由11#工字钢、金属网以及单体液压支柱联合而成体系进行支护,最后取得了良好的成巷效果。
The broken expand characteristics based on the rock mass,are the key to the calculation and design of the roof cut parameters of gob-side entry retaining technology.Taking the 12201 working face of Halagou coal mine as the engineering background,it was deduced by field measurement and theoretical analysis to study the broken expand characteristics and the control technology of gangue in the goaf.The onsite measurement results show that the roof of the goaf has undergone three processes from fall,compaction and stabilization,and the impact scope and time effect of each process could been determined;the broken expansion coefficient kafter the stability of the roof in the goaf area has been accurately measured from 1.35 to 1.40,and the rationality of the 6 m cut depth was determined.Through the establishment of the mechanical model after the stability of the caving gangue,the principle of synergistic action between falling gangue and roadway support in gob-side entry retaining is revealed,and the supporting system of the single hydraulic prop,11#I-steel and the reinforcing steel net is put forward,and the good effect of the roadway is achieved.
The broken expand characteristics based on the rock mass,are the key to the calculation and design of the roof cut parameters of gob-side entry retaining technology.Taking the 12201 working face of Halagou coal mine as the engineering background,it was deduced by field measurement and theoretical analysis to study the broken expand characteristics and the control technology of gangue in the goaf.The onsite measurement results show that the roof of the goaf has undergone three processes from fall,compaction and stabilization,and the impact scope and time effect of each process could been determined;the broken expansion coefficient kafter the stability of the roof in the goaf area has been accurately measured from 1.35 to 1.40,and the rationality of the 6 m cut depth was determined.Through the establishment of the mechanical model after the stability of the caving gangue,the principle of synergistic action between falling gangue and roadway support in gob-side entry retaining is revealed,and the supporting system of the single hydraulic prop,11#I-steel and the reinforcing steel net is put forward,and the good effect of the roadway is achieved.
引文
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[8]汤建泉,宋文军,宋立兵,等.切顶卸压沿空留巷切缝设计与研究[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(9):53-55,59.TANG Jianquan,SONG Wenjun,SONG Libing,et al.Cutting seam design and study of gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting and pressure relief[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(9):53-55,59.
[9]马资敏,郭志飚,刘晓宇,等.切顶留巷冒落矸石碎胀规律与力学特性研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(11):94-98.MA Zimin,GUO Zhibiao,LIU Xiaoyu,et al.Study on bulking rule and mechanical characteristics of fallen gangue in roofcutting entry retaining[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(11):94-98.
[10]李迎富,华心祝.沿空留巷上覆岩层关键块稳定性力学分析及巷旁充填体宽度确定[J].岩土力学,2012,33(4):1134-1140.LI Yingfu,HUA Xinzhu.Mechanical analysis of stability of key blocks of overlying strata for gob-side entry retaining and calculating width of roadside backfill[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(4):1134-1140.
[11]宁建国,马鹏飞,刘学生,等.坚硬顶板沿空留巷巷旁“让-抗”支护机理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):369-374.NING Jianguo,MA Pengfei,LIU Xuesheng,et al.Supporting mechanism of“yielding-supporting”beside roadway maintained along the goaf under hard rocks[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):369-374.
[2]张农,韩昌良,阚甲广,等.沿空留巷围岩控制理论与实践[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1635-1641.ZHANG Nong,HAN Changliang,KAN Jiaguang,et al.Theory and practice of surrounding rock control for pillarless gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1635-1641.
[3]何满潮,宋振骐,王安,等.长壁开采切顶短壁梁理论及其110工法——第三次矿业科学技术变革[J].煤炭科技,2017(1):1-9,13.HE Manchao,SONG Zhenqi,WANG An,et al.Theory of longwall mining by using roof cuting shortwall team and 110method:the third mining science and technology reform[J].Coal Science&Technology Magazine,2017(1):1-9,13.
[4]张国锋,何满潮,俞学平,等.白皎矿保护层沿空切顶成巷无煤柱开采技术研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(4):511-516.ZHANG Guofeng,HE Manchao,YU Xueping,et al.Research on the technique of no-pillar mining with gob-side entry formed by advanced roof caving in the protective seam in Baijiao coal mine[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(4):511-516.
[5]高玉兵,郭志飚,杨军,等.沿空切顶巷道围岩结构稳态分析及恒压让位协调控制[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(7):1672-1681.GAO Yubing,GUO Zhibiao,YANG Jun,et al.Steady analysis of gob-side entry retaining formed by roof fracturing and control techniques by optimizing mine pressure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(7):1672-1681.
[6]何满潮,陈上元,郭志飚,等.切顶卸压沿空留巷围岩结构控制及其工程应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):959-969.HE Manchao,CHEN Shangyuan,GUO Zhibiao,et al.Control of surrounding rock structure for gob-side entry retaining by cutting roof to release pressure and its engineering application[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(5):959-969.
[7]宋立兵.神东矿区切顶卸压成巷技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(8):80-85.SONG Libing.Study on roof cutting,pressure released and gateway driving technology in Shendong mining area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(8):80-85.
[8]汤建泉,宋文军,宋立兵,等.切顶卸压沿空留巷切缝设计与研究[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(9):53-55,59.TANG Jianquan,SONG Wenjun,SONG Libing,et al.Cutting seam design and study of gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting and pressure relief[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(9):53-55,59.
[9]马资敏,郭志飚,刘晓宇,等.切顶留巷冒落矸石碎胀规律与力学特性研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(11):94-98.MA Zimin,GUO Zhibiao,LIU Xiaoyu,et al.Study on bulking rule and mechanical characteristics of fallen gangue in roofcutting entry retaining[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(11):94-98.
[10]李迎富,华心祝.沿空留巷上覆岩层关键块稳定性力学分析及巷旁充填体宽度确定[J].岩土力学,2012,33(4):1134-1140.LI Yingfu,HUA Xinzhu.Mechanical analysis of stability of key blocks of overlying strata for gob-side entry retaining and calculating width of roadside backfill[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(4):1134-1140.
[11]宁建国,马鹏飞,刘学生,等.坚硬顶板沿空留巷巷旁“让-抗”支护机理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):369-374.NING Jianguo,MA Pengfei,LIU Xuesheng,et al.Supporting mechanism of“yielding-supporting”beside roadway maintained along the goaf under hard rocks[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):369-374.