高密度三维地震在超浅层煤田勘探中的应用
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摘要
常规三维煤田地震难以获得200ms以内的反射波,更不要说在高干扰地区识别超浅层煤矿小断层、采空区和煤层变薄区等地质体了,为了解决这类超浅层、高干扰地区煤田勘探难题,提出了采用高密度、小排列、小道距、单道采集技术,结合高分辨率、高保真、面元均化等资料处理技术解决这类地区煤田地震成像问题。实例表明:采用高密度三维地震能够获得信噪比、分辨率较高的地震成像剖面,为后期解释预测地质体异常提供真实可靠的数据基础,有利于识别小断层、采空区、煤层变薄区等地质异常体,对提高煤矿安全生产有重大意义。
The conventional coalfield 3 D seismic prospecting is hard to obtain reflections within 200 ms,not to speak of identification of ultra-shallow coalmine geologic bodies of minor fault,gob area and coal thinning area in high interference areas. To solve this kind ultra-shallow,high interference area coal exploration hard nuts,the high density,microspread,small group interval,one channel data acquisition technologies have been adopted,combined with high resolution,high fidelity,surface elements homogenization data processing technologies can solve coalfield seismic imaging issue in such areas. Practical cases have shown that the high density 3 D seismic prospecting can obtain higher signal/noise ratio,higher resolution seismic imaging sections,provide true and reliable data basis for succeeding interpretation and prediction of geologic body anomalies,in favor of to identify geologic anomalous bodies of minor fault,gob area and coal seam thinning area etc.,thus have great significance to improve coalmine production safety.
The conventional coalfield 3 D seismic prospecting is hard to obtain reflections within 200 ms,not to speak of identification of ultra-shallow coalmine geologic bodies of minor fault,gob area and coal thinning area in high interference areas. To solve this kind ultra-shallow,high interference area coal exploration hard nuts,the high density,microspread,small group interval,one channel data acquisition technologies have been adopted,combined with high resolution,high fidelity,surface elements homogenization data processing technologies can solve coalfield seismic imaging issue in such areas. Practical cases have shown that the high density 3 D seismic prospecting can obtain higher signal/noise ratio,higher resolution seismic imaging sections,provide true and reliable data basis for succeeding interpretation and prediction of geologic body anomalies,in favor of to identify geologic anomalous bodies of minor fault,gob area and coal seam thinning area etc.,thus have great significance to improve coalmine production safety.
引文
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[2]顾勤平,许汉刚,赵启光.厚覆盖层地区隐伏活断层探测的地震方法技术-以桥北镇-宿迁断层为例[J].物探与化探,2015,39(2):408-415.
[3]朱翔鹏,胡朝彬,闻秀明.软土地区浅层横波反射勘探技术的应用研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2016,13(4):528-532.
[4]李澎,王山山.浅层地震反射方法在工程物探中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2014,26(3):227-231.
[5]刘江平,王莹莹,刘震,等.近地表反射和折射法的进展及应用.地球物理学报[J],2015.58(9):3286-3305.
[6]席彬,任达,王金刚,徐传平,贾鹏.高密度三维地震勘探技术在川中地区的运用[J].天然气开发与勘探,2013,36(4):39-43.
[7]金丹,程建远,张宪旭.高密度全数字地震勘探技术在煤田中的应用及效果分析[J].煤炭技术,2015,34(8):89-92.
[8]牛琳,李冰,王彦春,刘志伟,邓世广.高密度地震资料剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,2015,50(1):71-76.
[9]褚春妍,孙黄利.煤炭高密度三维地震勘探一体化技术的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2017,14(3):331-338.
[10]胡育波,吕震川,普宗源,张鹏,等.黄土山地区高密度地震勘探激发方法分析[J].延安大学学报,2014,23(3):83-87.
[11]蒋维平,孟宪明.地震反射波法在浅层勘探中的应用[J].中国煤田地质,2008,20(9):59-67.
[12]赵立明,崔若飞.全数字高密度三维地震勘探在煤田精细构造解释中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(5):2232-2236.