生物炭固定化解磷菌对Pb~(2+)的吸附特性
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摘要
以小麦秸秆和活性污泥为原料,在3种温度下热解制备生物炭,使用傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其结构和性能进行表征,探究了以不同生物炭为载体,以解磷菌为固定化菌株制备的固定化微生物对Pb~(2+)的吸附能力,同时研究了吸附时间和热解温度对固定化微生物吸附Pb~(2+)的影响。结果表明:小麦秸秆生物炭较活性污泥生物炭的表面官能团更为丰富,且小麦秸秆生物炭的芳香化程度随热解温度升高而增加;随着热解温度的升高,小麦秸秆生物炭的微孔逐渐发展,孔壁变薄,孔隙结构更为发达;以700℃热解的小麦秸秆生物炭为载体制备的固定化微生物(IBWS700)对Pb~(2+)的吸附量最高,对Pb~(2+)的吸附量可达89.39mg/g;IBWS700对Pb~(2+)的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程;IBWS700对Pb~(2+)的吸附可以用Langmuir模型较好地拟合。
Biochar was prepared by pyrolysis of activated sludge and wheat straw at three different temperatures in this study.The surface morphology and properties of the biochar were characterized by SEM and FTIR.The adsorption capacity of immobilized microorganisms prepared by different biochar as carrier and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria as immobilized strains for Pb~(2+) was investigated.The effects of the contact time and pyrolysis temperature on the adsorption process of Pb~(2+) were studied.The results showed that wheat straw biochar had more surface functional groups compared with activated sludge biochar.With the increase of pyrolysis temperature,the aromaticity of wheat straw biochar increased,the micropores of wheat straw biochar gradually increased,the pore wall became thinner and the pore structure was developed well.The immobilized microorganism prepared by wheat straw biochar which was prepared at 700℃(IBWS700)had the highest adsorption capacity of Pb~(2+),and its adsorption capacity could reach 89.39 mg/g.Adsorption kinetics showed that the experimental data were fitted well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation.The adsorption of Pb~(2+) by IBWS700 could be well fitted with the Langmuir model.
Biochar was prepared by pyrolysis of activated sludge and wheat straw at three different temperatures in this study.The surface morphology and properties of the biochar were characterized by SEM and FTIR.The adsorption capacity of immobilized microorganisms prepared by different biochar as carrier and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria as immobilized strains for Pb~(2+) was investigated.The effects of the contact time and pyrolysis temperature on the adsorption process of Pb~(2+) were studied.The results showed that wheat straw biochar had more surface functional groups compared with activated sludge biochar.With the increase of pyrolysis temperature,the aromaticity of wheat straw biochar increased,the micropores of wheat straw biochar gradually increased,the pore wall became thinner and the pore structure was developed well.The immobilized microorganism prepared by wheat straw biochar which was prepared at 700℃(IBWS700)had the highest adsorption capacity of Pb~(2+),and its adsorption capacity could reach 89.39 mg/g.Adsorption kinetics showed that the experimental data were fitted well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation.The adsorption of Pb~(2+) by IBWS700 could be well fitted with the Langmuir model.
引文
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[22]GUIMARAES GUSMAO K A,ALVES GURGEL L V,GILL F.Adsorption studies of methylene blue and gentian violet on sugarcane bagasse modified with EDTA dianhydride(EDTAD)in aqueous solutions:kinetic and equilibrium aspects[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2013,118(2):135-143.
[2]FRASCARI D,ZANAROLI G,BUCCHI G,et al.Trichloroethylene aerobic cometabolism by suspended and immobilized butane-growing microbial consortia:a kinetic study[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,144(6):529-538.
[3]PARTOVINIA A,NAEIMPOOR F.Phenanthrene biodegradation by immobilized microbial consortium in polyvinyl alcohol cryogel beads[J].International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2013,85(7):337-344.
[4]CHUN Y,SHENG G Y,CHIOU C T,et al.Compositions and sorptive properties of crop residue-derived chars[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2004,38(17):4649-4655.
[5]周丹丹,吴文卫,赵婧,等.花生壳和松木屑制备的生物炭对Cu2+的吸附研究[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(3):523-530.
[6]袁帅,赵立欣,孟海波,等.生物炭主要类型、理化性质及其研究展望[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(5):1402-1417.
[7]李瑞月,陈德,李恋卿,等.不同作物秸秆生物炭对溶液中Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(5):1001-1008.
[8]钱林波,元妙新,陈宝梁.固定化微生物技术修复PAHs污染土壤的研究进展[J].环境科学,2012,33(5):1767-1776.
[9]简敏菲,高凯芳,余厚平.不同裂解温度对水稻秸秆制备生物炭及其特性的影响[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(5):1757-1765.
[10]高凯芳,简敏菲,余厚平,等.裂解温度对稻秆与稻壳制备生物炭表面官能团的影响[J].环境化学,2016,35(8):1663-1669.
[11]PUTUN A E,OZBAY N,ONAL E P,et al.Fixed-bed pyrolysis of cotton stalk for liquid and solid products[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2005,86(11):1207-1219.
[12]郭文娟,梁学峰,林大松,等.土壤重金属钝化修复剂生物炭对镉的吸附特性研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(9):3716-3721.
[13]TSAKOU A,ROULIA M,CHRISTODOULAKIS N S.Growth parameters and heavy metal accumulation in poplar tree cultures(Populus euramericana)utilizing water and sludge from a sewage treatment plant[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination&Toxicology,2003,71(2):330-337.
[14]荆延德,刘兴,孙小银,等.秸秆生物炭对棕壤中Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附效应及影响因素[J].土壤通报,2016,47(4):998-1006.
[15]任宏洋,马伶俐,王兵,等.生物炭基固定化菌剂对石油类污染物的高效降解[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(11):6177-6183.
[16]朱庆祥.生物炭对Pb、Cd污染土壤的修复试验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2011.
[17]朱银涛,李业东,王明玉,等.玉米秸秆碱化处理制备的生物炭吸附锌的特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(1):179-185.
[18]安增莉,侯艳伟,蔡超,等.水稻秸秆生物炭对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附特性[J].环境化学,2011,30(11):1851-1857.
[19]张政,林匡飞,崔长征,等.肉骨生物炭对重金属Pb2+的吸附特性[J].水处理技术,2016,42(12):50-54.
[20]李广涛,周光,王影影,等.污泥农用对土壤环境的影响[J].四川环境,2011,30(5):75-79.
[21]王震宇,刘国成,XING M,等.不同热解温度生物炭对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附特性[J].环境科学,2014,35(12):4735-4744.
[22]GUIMARAES GUSMAO K A,ALVES GURGEL L V,GILL F.Adsorption studies of methylene blue and gentian violet on sugarcane bagasse modified with EDTA dianhydride(EDTAD)in aqueous solutions:kinetic and equilibrium aspects[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2013,118(2):135-143.