加速度计与磁通门在定向探管中的应用
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摘要
随着定向井、水平井的日益增多以及要求精度的提高,井斜方位仪的地位越来越重要。降低钻井成本的需求,促使了钻井测斜仪等新技术的产生。钻井测斜仪从20世纪20年代开始,经历了氢氟酸加浮动磁针、机械照相、陀螺仪式测斜仪,早期的测斜仪存在着精度低、只能单电测量、测量周期长、数据管理不便等缺点。提出一种以石英挠性加速度计和磁通门传感器为主的定向探管。定向探管利用重力加速度计和磁通门连续测量井下仪器所处状态下的重力场和磁场参数,通过温度补偿、数值计算和误差校正,计算出井身的倾斜角和方位角并传输到地面仪器中,进而判断钻具的空间位置,保证钻孔能准确地按设计轨迹延伸,避免造成事故的发生和对地下原有公共设施的破坏。
With an increasing number of directional well and horizontal well and improving precision requirements, the importance of hole deviation azimuth instrument is more and more prominent.The continued demand to reduce the drilling cost prompted the new technologies such as drilling inclinometer. Drilling inclinometer starting in the 1920 s, has experienced the hydrofluoric acid with floating needle, mechanical camera and gyroscopic inclinometer ceremony. The early inclinometer existed low accuracy, could only single electric measurement, measurement cycle was long,shortcomings and so on data management of inconvenience. This paper proposes a directional probewith quartz flexible accelerometer andmagnetic fluxgatesensor. Directional probe using the gravity accelerometer and flux-gate continuous measuring the gravity field and magnetic field parameters by downhole instrument,through temperature compensation, numerical calculation and error correction, it can calculate the hole angle and azimuth angle and transmit to the ground equipment, and then judge the space position of the tool, to ensure that the borehole can be accurately according to the designed trajectory, so as to avoid causing accidents and damage to the existing public facilities underground.
With an increasing number of directional well and horizontal well and improving precision requirements, the importance of hole deviation azimuth instrument is more and more prominent.The continued demand to reduce the drilling cost prompted the new technologies such as drilling inclinometer. Drilling inclinometer starting in the 1920 s, has experienced the hydrofluoric acid with floating needle, mechanical camera and gyroscopic inclinometer ceremony. The early inclinometer existed low accuracy, could only single electric measurement, measurement cycle was long,shortcomings and so on data management of inconvenience. This paper proposes a directional probewith quartz flexible accelerometer andmagnetic fluxgatesensor. Directional probe using the gravity accelerometer and flux-gate continuous measuring the gravity field and magnetic field parameters by downhole instrument,through temperature compensation, numerical calculation and error correction, it can calculate the hole angle and azimuth angle and transmit to the ground equipment, and then judge the space position of the tool, to ensure that the borehole can be accurately according to the designed trajectory, so as to avoid causing accidents and damage to the existing public facilities underground.
引文
[1]英格里斯TA.定向钻井[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995:34-40.
[2]张学孚.磁通门技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995:123-152.
[3]张国雄.测控电路[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001:101-132.
[4]梅硕基.惯性仪器测试与数据分析[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,1991.
[5]张学孚,陆怡良.磁通门技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995.
[2]张学孚.磁通门技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995:123-152.
[3]张国雄.测控电路[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001:101-132.
[4]梅硕基.惯性仪器测试与数据分析[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,1991.
[5]张学孚,陆怡良.磁通门技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995.