激光脉宽和偏振效应对飞秒光丝诱导燃烧中间产物荧光光谱的影响
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摘要
聚焦激光脉宽和偏振对飞秒光丝诱导燃烧场中间产物荧光光谱的影响,通过改变激光脉宽、偏振状态,观测了燃烧中间产物如OH、CH、CN、C_2分子和C原子的荧光光谱变化。结果发现:随着激光脉宽和偏振椭圆率增大,各组分荧光信号强度减小,这是因为光丝内激光钳制强度及等离子的密度与激光脉宽、偏振密切相关,进而导致多光子激发燃烧中间产物的信号随之变化。
The effects of laser pulse duration and polarization on the femtosecond filament-induced fluorescence of combustion intermediates were studied herein. The variations in the fluorescence spectra of combustion intermediates, such as OH, CH, CN, C_2, and C, were observed by varying laser pulse duration and polarization. The results show that the fluorescence intensities of all the observed combustion intermediates decrease with the increase of laser pulse duration and polarization ellipticity. This behavior is explained by the fact the clamped intensities and plasma densities inside the filament core are strongly dependent on laser pulse duration and polarization, leading to the changes in the multiphoton-excited signals of combustion intermediates.
The effects of laser pulse duration and polarization on the femtosecond filament-induced fluorescence of combustion intermediates were studied herein. The variations in the fluorescence spectra of combustion intermediates, such as OH, CH, CN, C_2, and C, were observed by varying laser pulse duration and polarization. The results show that the fluorescence intensities of all the observed combustion intermediates decrease with the increase of laser pulse duration and polarization ellipticity. This behavior is explained by the fact the clamped intensities and plasma densities inside the filament core are strongly dependent on laser pulse duration and polarization, leading to the changes in the multiphoton-excited signals of combustion intermediates.
引文
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[19] Chu W,Li H L,Ni J L,et al.Lasing action induced by femtosecond laser filamentation in ethanol flame for combustion diagnosis[J].Applied Physics Letters,2014,104(9):091106.
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[25] Petit S,Talebpour A,Proulx A,et al.Polarization dependence of the propagation of intense laser pulses in air[J].Optics Communications,2000,175:323-327.
[26] Zhang X,Wang T J,Guo H,et al.Polarization sensitive laser intensity inside femtosecond filament in air[J/OL].[2019-03-11].https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.03432.
[27] Théberge F,Liu W W,Simard P T,et al.Plasma density inside a femtosecond laser filament in air:strong dependence on external focusing[J].Physical Review E,2006,74(3):036406.
[28] Nibbering E T J,Grillon G,Franco M A,et al.Determination of the inertial contribution to the nonlinear refractive index of air,N2,and O2 by use of unfocused high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,1997,14(3):650-660.
[29] Ripoche J F,Grillon G,Prade B,et al.Determination of the time dependence of n2 in air[J].Optics Communications,1997,135(4/5/6):310-314.
[30] Liu W,Chin S L.Direct measurement of the critical power of femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser pulse in air[J].Optics Express,2005,13(15):5750-5755.
[2] Kohse-H?inghaus K.Laser techniques for the quantitative detection of reactive intermediates in combustion systems[J].Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,1994,20(3):203-279.
[3] Thariyan M P,Bhuiyan A H,Meyer S E,et al.Dual-pump coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering system for temperature and species measurements in an optically accessible high-pressure gas turbine combustor facility[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2011,22(1):015301.
[4] Mokhov A V,Levinsky H B,van der Meij C E,et al.Analysis of laser-induced-fluorescence carbon monoxide measurements in turbulent nonpremixed flames[J].Applied Optics,1995,34(30):7074.
[5] Stavropoulos P,Palagas C,Angelopoulos G N,et al.Calibration measurements in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using nanosecond and picosecond lasers[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part B:Atomic Spectroscopy,2004,59(12):1885-1892.
[6] Yang W B,Li B C,Han Y L,et al.Quantitative analysis of trace oxygen concentration in argon and nitrogen based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2017,44(10):1011001.杨文斌,李斌成,韩艳玲,等.激光诱导击穿光谱技术定量分析氩气和氮气中的痕量氧含量[J].中国激光,2017,44(10):1011001.
[7] Zhang Q H,Liu Y Z,Zhu R S,et al.Detection of Pb in atmospheric particulates with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique[J].Laser & Optoelectronics Progress,2018,55(12):123002.张启航,刘玉柱,祝若松,等.利用激光诱导击穿光谱技术探测大气颗粒物中的Pb元素[J].激光与光电子学进展,2018,55(12):123002.
[8] Liu J R,Hu Z Y Applications of measurement techniques based on lasers in combustion flow field diagnostics[J].Chinese Journal of Optics,2018,11(4):531-549.刘晶儒,胡志云.基于激光的测量技术在燃烧流场诊断中的应用[J].中国光学,2018,11(4):531-549.
[9] Zhang S H,Yu X L,Li F,et al.Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for local equivalence ratio measurement of kerosene/air mixture at elevated pressure[J].Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2012,50(6):877-882.
[10] Michalakou A,Stavropoulos P,Couris S.Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in reactive flows of hydrocarbon-air mixtures[J].Applied Physics Letters,2008,92(8):081501.
[11] Chin S L.Femtosecond laser filamentation[M].New York,NY:Springer New York,2010.
[12] Tu Z W,Wei X Y,Liu C,et al.Detection of iodine sublimation by filament-induced fluorescence spectroscopy[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2017,44(4):0411001.涂志伟,魏祥野,刘畅,等.利用光丝诱导荧光光谱测量单质碘升华过程[J].中国激光,2017,44(4):0411001.
[13] Chin S L,Talebpour A,Yang J,et al.Filamentation of femtosecond laser pulses in turbulent air[J].Applied Physics B:Lasers and Optics,2002,74(1):67-76.
[14] Xu H L,Simard P T,Kamali Y,et al.Filament-induced breakdown remote spectroscopy in a polar environment[J].Laser Physics,2012,22(12):1767-1770.
[15] Kasparian J.White-light filaments for atmospheric analysis[J].Science,2003,301(5629):61-64.
[16] Ju J J,Liu J S,Wang C,et al.Laser-filamentation-induced condensation and snow formation in a cloud chamber[J].Optics Letters,2012,37(7):1214.
[17] Kasparian J,Ackermann R,Andre Y B,et al.Progress towards lightning control using lasers[J].Journal of the European Optical Society:Rapid Publications,2008,3:08035.
[18] Li H L,Xu H L,Yang B S,et al.Sensing combustion intermediates by femtosecond filament excitation[J].Optics Letters,2013,38(8):1250-1252.
[19] Chu W,Li H L,Ni J L,et al.Lasing action induced by femtosecond laser filamentation in ethanol flame for combustion diagnosis[J].Applied Physics Letters,2014,104(9):091106.
[20] Zang H W,Li H L,Su Y,et al.Third-harmonic generation and scattering in combustion flames using a femtosecond laser filament[J].Optics Letters,2018,43(3):615-618.
[21] Liu C,Zang H W,Li H L,et al.Polarization effect on critical power and luminescence in an air filament[J].Chinese Optics Letters,2017,15(12):120201.
[22] Xu H L,Bernhardt J,Mathieu P,et al.Understanding the advantage of remote femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of metallic targets[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2007,101(3):033124.
[23] Yao J P,Zeng B,Xu H L,et al.High-brightness switchable multiwavelength remote laser in air[J].Physical Review A,2011,84(5):051802
[24] Panov N A,Kosyreva O G,Savel′ev-Trofimov A B,et al.Filamentation of femtosecond Gaussian pulses with close-to-linear or -circular elliptical polarization[J].Quantum Electronics,2011,41(2):160-162.
[25] Petit S,Talebpour A,Proulx A,et al.Polarization dependence of the propagation of intense laser pulses in air[J].Optics Communications,2000,175:323-327.
[26] Zhang X,Wang T J,Guo H,et al.Polarization sensitive laser intensity inside femtosecond filament in air[J/OL].[2019-03-11].https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.03432.
[27] Théberge F,Liu W W,Simard P T,et al.Plasma density inside a femtosecond laser filament in air:strong dependence on external focusing[J].Physical Review E,2006,74(3):036406.
[28] Nibbering E T J,Grillon G,Franco M A,et al.Determination of the inertial contribution to the nonlinear refractive index of air,N2,and O2 by use of unfocused high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,1997,14(3):650-660.
[29] Ripoche J F,Grillon G,Prade B,et al.Determination of the time dependence of n2 in air[J].Optics Communications,1997,135(4/5/6):310-314.
[30] Liu W,Chin S L.Direct measurement of the critical power of femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser pulse in air[J].Optics Express,2005,13(15):5750-5755.