2015～2017年潍坊市奎文区疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析
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摘要
目的了解潍坊市奎文区疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统的运转情况。方法通过AEFI监测系统收集奎文区2015～2017年AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法对AEFI监测系统运转进行评价,对AEFI病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2015～2017年奎文区6处预防接种门诊均有AEFI数据报告,48h内报告率为98.00%以上,48 h内调查率为100.00%。共收到个案333例,其中男性192例(占57.66%),女性141例(占42.34%),男∶女=1.36∶1,≤1岁165例(占49.55%)。报告的AEFI中首剂接种疫苗占61.26%(204例),70.87%(236例)发生在接种后≤1 d;一般反应占97.60%(325例);预防接种异常反应占1.80%(6例),其中过敏反应和卡介苗淋巴结炎占异常反应的66.67%(4例)。国家免疫规划疫苗中白破疫苗(儿童)AEFI报告发生率最高,达194.59/10万剂。结论潍坊市奎文区AEFI监测系统运转平稳;AEFI常发生在小年龄儿童、首剂接种、接种后≤1 d。
Objective To understand the occurrence features of adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Kuiwen district,and to evaluate the operation of AEFI surveillance system. Methods AEFI data during 2015-2017 were collected through the national AEFI information system.The descriptive method was used to evaluate the operation of the national AEFI information system and analyze the epidemiological data. Results There were AEFI cases reported from all 6 vaccination clinics in Kuiwen district during 2015-2017,the reporting rate within 48 h was 98.00%,and investigation rate within 48 h was 100.00%.A total of 333 AEFI cases were reported,including 192 men(57.66%)and 141 women(42.34%).The ratio of male to female was 1.36:1.There were 165 cases aged ≤1 year,accounting for 49.55%.The first dose of vaccination had high incidence of AEFI with 61.26%(204 cases),and 236 cases(70.87%)occurred ≤1 day after vaccination.There were 325 AEFI cases(97.60%)of common minor reactions;6(1.80%)cases were rare serious reactions,mainly including anaphylaxis and Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine(BCG)suppurative lymphadenitis,accounting for 66.67%(4 cases).The highest reporting rate of AEFI occurred in DT vaccine(children)among the national immunization programme vaccines,with the rate of 194.59/10~5. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Kuiwen district is running well.AEFI often occurs in early age children,the first dose and ≤1 day after vaccination are the critical points of AEFI surveillance.
Objective To understand the occurrence features of adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Kuiwen district,and to evaluate the operation of AEFI surveillance system. Methods AEFI data during 2015-2017 were collected through the national AEFI information system.The descriptive method was used to evaluate the operation of the national AEFI information system and analyze the epidemiological data. Results There were AEFI cases reported from all 6 vaccination clinics in Kuiwen district during 2015-2017,the reporting rate within 48 h was 98.00%,and investigation rate within 48 h was 100.00%.A total of 333 AEFI cases were reported,including 192 men(57.66%)and 141 women(42.34%).The ratio of male to female was 1.36:1.There were 165 cases aged ≤1 year,accounting for 49.55%.The first dose of vaccination had high incidence of AEFI with 61.26%(204 cases),and 236 cases(70.87%)occurred ≤1 day after vaccination.There were 325 AEFI cases(97.60%)of common minor reactions;6(1.80%)cases were rare serious reactions,mainly including anaphylaxis and Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine(BCG)suppurative lymphadenitis,accounting for 66.67%(4 cases).The highest reporting rate of AEFI occurred in DT vaccine(children)among the national immunization programme vaccines,with the rate of 194.59/10~5. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Kuiwen district is running well.AEFI often occurs in early age children,the first dose and ≤1 day after vaccination are the critical points of AEFI surveillance.
引文
[1]卫生部办公厅.国家食品药品监督管理局办公室.全国疑似预防接种异常反应监测方案[S].2010-06-03.
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[8]张英洁,张伟燕,宋立志,等.山东省2011年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析.中国疫苗和免疫,2013,19(1):57-61.
[9]马景宏,李梅荣,李永萍,等.吴忠市2005~2008年疫苗接种异常反应分析[J].宁夏医科大学学报,2009,31(4):489-490.
[10]廖庆辉,许少山.1996~2006年龙岩市新罗区预防接种异常反应资料分析[J].预防医学论坛,2007,13(8):751-752.
[11]邱德山,刘海田,王怡.2013~2016年潍坊市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J].现代预防医学,2007,44(19):3631-3635.
[12]李克莉,刘大卫,武文娣,等.2009~2010年全国卡介苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2012,18(3):252-260.
[13]潘雪娇,李倩,戚小华,等.浙江省2013~2014年疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析[J].浙江预防医学,2015,27(11):1 128-1 130.
[14]谢广中,刁连东,王树巧,等.预防接种的反应和处理[M].第3版.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2009:113-115.
[15]李克莉,刘大卫,武文娣,等.2007~2009年中国六个市血小板减少性紫癜住院病例发生情况分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2012,18(2):139-143.
[16]Dipacla JA,Buchanan GR.Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura[J].Pediatr Clin North America,2002,49(5):911-928.
[2]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.预防接种工作规范(2016年版)[S].2016-12-06.
[3]叶家楷,李克莉,许涤沙,等.中国2014年疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统监测数据分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2016,22(2):125-137.
[4]吴冰冰,张玉玺,贾磊,等.河北省保定市2013~2015年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2016,22(4):438-443.
[5]张淑君,颜洁,李放军,等.湖南省2014~2015年疑似预防接种异常反应监测结果分析[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2016,22(6):415-419.
[6]蒋霞,凌良健.2008~2014年常州市疑似预防接种异常反应监测情况[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(14):2 648-2 651.
[7]陆明霞,杜国明,邹艳.2012~2015年张家港市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(18):3 416-3 419.
[8]张英洁,张伟燕,宋立志,等.山东省2011年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析.中国疫苗和免疫,2013,19(1):57-61.
[9]马景宏,李梅荣,李永萍,等.吴忠市2005~2008年疫苗接种异常反应分析[J].宁夏医科大学学报,2009,31(4):489-490.
[10]廖庆辉,许少山.1996~2006年龙岩市新罗区预防接种异常反应资料分析[J].预防医学论坛,2007,13(8):751-752.
[11]邱德山,刘海田,王怡.2013~2016年潍坊市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J].现代预防医学,2007,44(19):3631-3635.
[12]李克莉,刘大卫,武文娣,等.2009~2010年全国卡介苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2012,18(3):252-260.
[13]潘雪娇,李倩,戚小华,等.浙江省2013~2014年疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析[J].浙江预防医学,2015,27(11):1 128-1 130.
[14]谢广中,刁连东,王树巧,等.预防接种的反应和处理[M].第3版.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2009:113-115.
[15]李克莉,刘大卫,武文娣,等.2007~2009年中国六个市血小板减少性紫癜住院病例发生情况分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2012,18(2):139-143.
[16]Dipacla JA,Buchanan GR.Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura[J].Pediatr Clin North America,2002,49(5):911-928.