非缓冲微生物燃料电池运行性能及无机碳积累
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摘要
考察了不同乙酸钠浓度下非缓冲微生物燃料电池(BLMFC)的运行性能和无机碳(IC)(HCO_3~-或H_2CO_3)积累情况。结果表明:阳极液中IC的积累浓度与乙酸钠浓度呈线性相关,在乙酸钠浓度为0.5 g·L~(-1)和1.0 g·L~(-1)的BLMFC体系中,IC积累浓度分别为8.02 mmol·L-1和13.60 mmol·L~(-1),阳极液出现酸化现象,pH降低至6.2和6.5;体系输出电压(U)与阳极液pH出现相同的先下降后上升的变化趋势,体系最大功率密度(P_(max))分别为242 mW·m~(-2)和428 mW·m~(-2)。当乙酸钠浓度增大到2.0 g·L~(-1)和3.0 g·L~(-1)时,IC积累浓度增加到30.64 mmol·L~(-1)和42.42 mmol·L~(-1);乙酸盐自身的缓冲作用和体系积累的较高浓度IC可以将阳极液pH维持在7.4～8.5,输出电压稳定在350 mV左右;P_(max)增大到668 mW·m~(-2)和699 mW·m~(-2),可以实现自缓冲稳定运行。
The operation performance and inorganic carbon(IC)(HCO_3~- or H_2CO_3) accumulation of buffer-less microbial fuel cells(BLMFC) with different sodium acetate concentrations were investigated in this paper. Based on the experiment results, the IC concentration of the anolyte was linearly related to the sodium acetate concentration. The IC accumulated concentrations in BLMFC systems with 0.5 g·L~(-1) and 1.0 g·L~(-1) of sodium acetate were 8.02 mmol·L~(-1) and 13.60 mmol·L~(-1), respectively. The anolyte acidification appeared, and the corresponding anolyte pH decreased to 6.2 and 6.5, respectively. Similarly, the output voltage(U) of the corresponding BLMFCs exhibited a rapid decrease followed by gradual ascending, and the maximum power densities(P_(max)) were 242 mW·m~(-2) and 428 mW·m~(-2), respectively. As sodium acetate concentration increased to 2.0 g·L~(-1) and 3.0 g·L~(-1), IC concentrations increased to 30.64 mmol·L~(-1) and 42.42 mmol·L~(-1) accordingly. The buffering effect of sodium acetate and the accumulated IC in the anolyte with high concentration sodium acetate could maintain the stable anolyte pH range within 7.4～8.5 and the stable voltages of aboue 350 mV. The Pmax significantly increased up to 668 mW·m~(-2) and 699 mW·m~(-2) for these two BLMFC systems, respectively, and their self-buffering operation was realized.
The operation performance and inorganic carbon(IC)(HCO_3~- or H_2CO_3) accumulation of buffer-less microbial fuel cells(BLMFC) with different sodium acetate concentrations were investigated in this paper. Based on the experiment results, the IC concentration of the anolyte was linearly related to the sodium acetate concentration. The IC accumulated concentrations in BLMFC systems with 0.5 g·L~(-1) and 1.0 g·L~(-1) of sodium acetate were 8.02 mmol·L~(-1) and 13.60 mmol·L~(-1), respectively. The anolyte acidification appeared, and the corresponding anolyte pH decreased to 6.2 and 6.5, respectively. Similarly, the output voltage(U) of the corresponding BLMFCs exhibited a rapid decrease followed by gradual ascending, and the maximum power densities(P_(max)) were 242 mW·m~(-2) and 428 mW·m~(-2), respectively. As sodium acetate concentration increased to 2.0 g·L~(-1) and 3.0 g·L~(-1), IC concentrations increased to 30.64 mmol·L~(-1) and 42.42 mmol·L~(-1) accordingly. The buffering effect of sodium acetate and the accumulated IC in the anolyte with high concentration sodium acetate could maintain the stable anolyte pH range within 7.4～8.5 and the stable voltages of aboue 350 mV. The Pmax significantly increased up to 668 mW·m~(-2) and 699 mW·m~(-2) for these two BLMFC systems, respectively, and their self-buffering operation was realized.
引文
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[2] NAM Y, KIM H W, LIM K H, et al. Variation of power generation at different buffer types and conductivities in single chamber microbial fuel cells[J]. Biosensors&Bioelectronics, 2010, 25(5):1155-1159.
[3] YE Y, ZHU X, LOGAN B E. Effect of buffer charge on performance of air-cathodes used in microbial fuel cells[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2016, 194:441-447.
[4] TANG X, LI H, DU Z. A phosphorus-free anolyte to enhance coulombic efficiency of microbial fuel cells[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 268:14-18.
[5] YOU J, REN N Q, ZHAO Q L, et al. Improving phosphate buffer-free cathode performance of microbial fuel cell based on biological nitrification[J]. Biosensors&Bioelectronics, 2009, 24(12):3698-3701.
[6] PICIOREANU C, LOOSDRECHT M C, CURTIS T P, et al. Model based evaluation of the effect of pH and electrode geometry on microbial fuel cell performance[J]. Bioelectrochemistry, 2010, 78(1):8-24.
[7] GE Z, ZHANG F, GRIMAUD J, et al. Long-term investigation of microbial fuel cells treating primary sludge or digested sludge[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 136:509-514.
[8] JUNG S, MRNCH M M, REGAN J M. Impedance characteristics and polarization behavior of a microbial fuel cell in response to short-term changes in medium pH[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2011, 45(20):9069-9074.
[9] FRANKS A E, NEVIN K P, JIA H, et al. Novel strategy for three-dimensional real-time imaging of microbial fuel cell communities:monitoring the inhibitory effects of proton accumulation within the anode biofilm[J]. Energy&Environmental Science,2009, 2(1):113-119.
[10] LI W, SUN J, HU Y, et al. Simultaneous pH self-neutralization and bioelectricity generation in a dual bioelectrode microbial fuel cell under periodic reversion of polarity[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 268:287-293.
[11] YANG Y, QIN M, YANG X, et al. Enhancing hydrogen production in microbial electrolysis cells by in situ hydrogen oxidation for self-buffering pH through periodic polarity reversal[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 347:21-28.
[12] REN Y, CHEN J, SHI Y, et al. Anolyte recycling enhanced bioelectricity generation of the buffer-free single-chamber aircathode microbial fuel cell[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 244:1183-1187.
[13] FAN Y Z, HU H Q, LIU H. Sustainable power generation in microbial fuel cells using bicarbonate buffer and proton transfer mechanisms[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2007, 41:8154-8158.
[14] DONG H, YU H B, WANG X, et al. A novel structure of scalable air cathode without nafion and Pt by rolling activated carbon and PTFE as catalyst layer in microbial fuel cells[J]. Water Research, 2012, 46:5777-5787.
[15]牟姝君,李秀芬,任月萍,等.铜离子对双室微生物燃料电池电能输出的影响研究[J].环境科学, 2014, 35(7):2791-2797.
[16] RABAEY K, BOON N, SICILIANO S D, et al. Biofuel cells select for microbial consortia that self-mediate electron transfer[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2004, 70(9):5373-5382.
[17] JADHAV D A, GHADGE A N, GHANGERKAR M M. Enhancing the power generation in microbial fuel cells with effective utilization of goethite recovered from mining mud as anodic catalyst[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015, 191:110-116.
[18] RICHTER H, NEVIN K P, JIA H, et al. Cyclic voltammetry of biofilms of wild type and mutant Geobacter sulfurreducens on fuel cell anodes indicates possible roles of OmcB, OmcZ, type IV pili, and protons in extracellular electron transfer[J]. Energy&Environmental Science, 2009, 2(5):506-516.
[19] URKI T, DIDONATO L N, LOVLEY D R. Toward establishing minimum requirements for extracellular electron transfer in Geobacter sulfurreducens[J]. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2017, 364(9):1-7.
[20]冯玉杰,王鑫,李贺,等.乙酸钠为基质的微生物燃料电池产电过程[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2007, 39(12):1890-1896.