不同纤维细度苎麻种质镉富集与转运和积累能力比较
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摘要
为探明镉在不同细度苎麻种质体内的积累与富集性差异,对20个苎麻种质进行镉污染大田试验。结果表明:供试苎麻种质镉富集系数的变幅为0.97~1.58,富集系数较高的分别是中细度种质‘新1号’‘中苎1号’和高细度种质‘湘饲纤兼用苎麻1号’,富集系数依次为1.58、1.55、1.54,属于镉高富集苎麻种质,镉富集系数(0.97)最小的是高细度种质‘黄平青麻’;供试苎麻种质镉转运系数的变幅为0.66~1.41,转运系数最高的是中细度种质‘耒阳青麻’,其转运系数为1.41;供试苎麻种质年镉积累量的变幅为10.24~21.87 g/hm~2,筛选出高积累镉苎麻种质‘C’‘中苎1号’和‘多倍体1号’,其年镉积累量分别为21.87、19.87、18.75 g/hm~2。综合分析,苎麻纤维细度不影响其镉富集能力。
In order to clarify the accumulation, transfer and enrichment of heavy metal cadmium in ramie germplasm with different fineness, Cadmium contaminated field experiment was carried out with 20 ramies germplasms with different fineness. The results showed that the cadmium enrichment coefficient of the ramies germplasms was among 0.97–1.58, and its highest were ‘Xin 1~#(medium fineness)', ‘Zhongzhu 1~#(medium fineness)', and ‘xiangsixianzhuma 1~#(high fineness)', the enrichment coefficient followed by 1.58,1.55,1.54 in turn, the Minimum cadmium enrichment coefficient was ‘Huangpingqingma(high fineness)', and its enrichment coefficient was 0.97. The cadmium transfer coefficient of the ramies germplasms was among 0.66 and 1.41, and the highest was ‘Leiyangqingma(medium fineness)', the transfer coefficient was 1.41. The cadmium accumulation ability in the ramies germplasms l was among 10.24–21.87 g/hm~2, and its highest of ramies germplasms followed in turn was ‘C', ‘Zhongzhu 1~#' and ‘Duobeiti 1~#'. And the cadmium accumulation ability were 21.87, 19.87, 18.75 g/hm~2 in turn respectively. The results showed that the fiber fineness of ramie germplasm does not affect its ability of cadmium enrichment.
In order to clarify the accumulation, transfer and enrichment of heavy metal cadmium in ramie germplasm with different fineness, Cadmium contaminated field experiment was carried out with 20 ramies germplasms with different fineness. The results showed that the cadmium enrichment coefficient of the ramies germplasms was among 0.97–1.58, and its highest were ‘Xin 1~#(medium fineness)', ‘Zhongzhu 1~#(medium fineness)', and ‘xiangsixianzhuma 1~#(high fineness)', the enrichment coefficient followed by 1.58,1.55,1.54 in turn, the Minimum cadmium enrichment coefficient was ‘Huangpingqingma(high fineness)', and its enrichment coefficient was 0.97. The cadmium transfer coefficient of the ramies germplasms was among 0.66 and 1.41, and the highest was ‘Leiyangqingma(medium fineness)', the transfer coefficient was 1.41. The cadmium accumulation ability in the ramies germplasms l was among 10.24–21.87 g/hm~2, and its highest of ramies germplasms followed in turn was ‘C', ‘Zhongzhu 1~#' and ‘Duobeiti 1~#'. And the cadmium accumulation ability were 21.87, 19.87, 18.75 g/hm~2 in turn respectively. The results showed that the fiber fineness of ramie germplasm does not affect its ability of cadmium enrichment.
引文
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[2]李婧,周艳文,陈森,等.中国土壤镉污染现状、危害及其治理方法综述[J].安徽农学通报,2015(24):104–107.
[3]BAKER A J M,REEVES R D,HAJAR A S M.Heavy metal accumulation and tolerance in British population soft hemetallo Phyte Thlas Picaerulescens[J].Newphytologist,1994,127:83–92.
[4]丁宝莲,谈宏鹤,朱素琴.胁迫与植物细胞壁关系研究进展[J].广西科学院学报,2001(2):87–90.
[5]刘清泉,陈亚华,沈振国,等.细胞壁在植物重金属耐性中的作用[J].植物生理学报,2014(5):605–611.
[6]代剑平,揭雨成.冷娟,等.镉污染环境中镉在苎麻植株各部分分布规律的研究[J].中国麻业科学,2003,25(6):279–282.
[7]项雅玲,林匡飞,胡球兰,等.苎麻吸镉特性及镉污染农田的改良[J].中国麻业科学,1994,16(2):39–42.
[8]佘玮,揭雨成,邢虎成,等.湖南石门、冷水江、浏阳3个矿区的苎麻重金属含量及累积特征[J].生态学报,2011(3):874–881.
[9]赖发英,叶青华,涂淑萍,等.重金属污染地区的植物调查与研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2004(3):455–457.
[10]中国农业科学院麻类研究所.中国苎麻种质志[M].北京:农业出版社,1992.
[11]薛国庆,刘青,韩晓梅,等.火焰原子吸收法测定栽培柴胡中六种金属元素含量的研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2006(6):1173–1175.
[12]朱俊艳,于玲玲,黄青青,等.油菜–海州香薷轮作修复铜镉复合污染土壤:大田试验[J].农业环境科学学报,2013(6):1166–1171.
[13]SMITH C,HOPMANS P,COOK F.Accumulation of Cr,Zn and Cd in soil following irrigation with treated urban effluent in Australia[J].Environmental Pollution,1996,94(3):317–323.
[14]刘小艳,刘欣宇,王梅.隶属函数的确定及应用[J].电脑知识与技术,2010(31):8831–8832.
[15]王凯荣,周建林,龚惠群.土壤镉污染对苎麻的生长毒害效应[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(5):773–776.
[16]王凯荣,龚惠群.苎麻(B.nivea(L).Gaud)对土壤Cd的吸收及其生物净化效应[J].环境科学学报,1998,18(5):510–516.