摘要
采用模糊数学综合评价法,对辽阳弓长岭铁矿区土壤环境质量进行综合评价。以采场和尾矿库为中心,将矿区分为7个典型区域,分别采样。以土壤重金属Cd、Cu、Cr、Pb和Zn含量与土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷和速效磷含量为主要评价对象。结果表明,弓长岭铁矿区土壤重金属污染严重,以Cd为主要污染因子,其次为Cu和Cr,而Pb、Zn为无污染或轻度污染。同时,虽然矿区内土壤养分丰富,但是受开采活动及重金属污染影响,导致碱解氮、全磷和速效磷等能被植物快速有效利用的养分含量较低,不适于植物种植。建议矿区着重监控Cd污染,并及时进行生态修复,在生态修复之前应人工施加肥料,调节土壤养分结构。研究为弓长岭铁矿区土壤生态环境的改善和治理提供科学参考。
The soil environmental quality of Liaoyang Gongchangling iron mine region was evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive method. The mining area was divided into seven typical areas rounded mining area and tailings pond,and the typical areas sampled separately. Meanwhile,contents of heavy metal Cd,Cu,Zn,Pb and Cr and soil nutrients(OM,TN,AN,TP and OP)were chosen as the main evaluation objects. Results show that Gongchangling iron mine region was seriously polluted by heavy metals,and Cd was the main pollution factor,followed by Cu and Cr. Pb and Zn showed the minimal effects on soil environmental quality. At the same time,the soil nutrients were abundant in mine region,but the AN,TP and AP,which can be quickly and efficiently utilized by plants,were poor. And the soils were not suitable for plant cultivation. Therefore,our attention were suggested to be focused on monitoring Cd contamination and making ecological restoration in time. Also,it should be noted that the fertilizer was necessary to regulate the soil nutrient structure before ecological restoration. This study provides scientific reference for the improvement and treatment of soil ecological environment in Gongchangling iron mine region.
引文
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