五龙金矿周家沟尾矿库优势草本植物生长状况调查及筛选
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摘要
通过野外调查采样对五龙金矿周家沟尾矿库位区域草本植物种类、生长状况和对重金属的富集能力进行了分析与研究。结果表明,在该区域内主要有6种常见植物,分别是茵陈蒿(Artemisiacapillaris Thunb)(AV)、白花败酱(Patrima villosa)(BV)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv.)(SB)、结缕草(Zoysia japonica)(ZJ)和早熟禾(Poa annua)(PA)等。其中,茵陈蒿和白花败酱的生物量分别是其他植株的1.2～5.9倍和1.1～5.2倍,明显好于其他种类植株,茵陈蒿的根系控制面积最大,比其他植株高了0.9～12.9倍;不同植株体内不同重金属含量明显不同,其中结缕草中Pb含量、茵陈蒿中Cd含量,早熟禾中Cu含量以及白花败酱中的Zn含量分别高于其他植株,但从植株的富集重金属能力来看,又有不同变化,其中狗尾草对Pb、茵陈蒿对Cd、早熟禾和茵陈蒿对Cu和Zn的富集总量最高,明显高于其他植株。通过综合植株生物量、植株根系控制面积以及对重金属的富集能力的植株筛选指数来看,茵陈蒿分别是其他植株的8.1～52.0倍,最适合用于五龙金矿尾矿库的植物修复。
The species, growth and accumulation of heavy metals of herbs in Zhoujiagou Tailings Pond of Wulong Gold Mine were investigated. Six kinds of common plants were found in that area as Artemisiacapillaris Thunb(AV), Patrima villosa(BV), Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.(SB), Zoysia japonica(ZJ) and Poa annua(PA). It was found that the biomass of AV and BV was 1.2-5.9 and 1.1-5.2 times bigger that that of others. The controlled area by root of AV was the largest and was 0.9-12.9 times higher than other plants. The concentrations of heavy metals were different in the plants and the content of Pb in ZJ, Cd in AV, Cu in PA and Zn in BV was the most. However, the accumulation of heavy metals in a single plant of SB for Pb, AV for Cd, PA and AV for Cu and Zn was significantly higher than that of other species. Because selected indictors such as the biomass, root control area and accumulation capacity for heavy metals of AV was 8.1-52.0 times as much as those of other plants, it is concluded that AV is the most suitable plant for phytoremediation of the area.
The species, growth and accumulation of heavy metals of herbs in Zhoujiagou Tailings Pond of Wulong Gold Mine were investigated. Six kinds of common plants were found in that area as Artemisiacapillaris Thunb(AV), Patrima villosa(BV), Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.(SB), Zoysia japonica(ZJ) and Poa annua(PA). It was found that the biomass of AV and BV was 1.2-5.9 and 1.1-5.2 times bigger that that of others. The controlled area by root of AV was the largest and was 0.9-12.9 times higher than other plants. The concentrations of heavy metals were different in the plants and the content of Pb in ZJ, Cd in AV, Cu in PA and Zn in BV was the most. However, the accumulation of heavy metals in a single plant of SB for Pb, AV for Cd, PA and AV for Cu and Zn was significantly higher than that of other species. Because selected indictors such as the biomass, root control area and accumulation capacity for heavy metals of AV was 8.1-52.0 times as much as those of other plants, it is concluded that AV is the most suitable plant for phytoremediation of the area.
引文
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[4]QU G W, DE VARENNES A. Review article:use of hydrophilic insoluble polymers in the restoration of metalcontaminated soils[J]. Applied and Environmental Soil Science,2009:1-8.
[5]曲贵伟,DE VARENNES A,宋林,等.聚丙烯酸盐对重金属尾矿库本地植株生长和土壤性质的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(3):504-509.
[6]曲贵伟,V DE AMARILIS.尿不湿中高吸水性聚合物对矿区土壤的修复及紫花漆姑草(Spergularia purpurea)生长的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(7):1348-1354.
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