硝/硫混酸浸出铜阳极泥中硒的动力学（英文）
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摘要
研究在硝/硫混酸体系中浸出铜阳极泥中硒的动力学和影响硒的浸出过程的主要参数。结果表明,硒的浸出速率与搅拌速度无关,而与浸出温度以及硫酸和硝酸的浓度相关。硒的浸出包括两个阶段:在第一阶段,硒的浸出活化能为103.5 k J/mol,硒的浸出主要由化学反应控制,硒的浸出与硫酸浓度无关,而与硝酸浓度相关,其反应级数为0.5613;在第二阶段,硒的浸出活化能为30.6 k J/mol,硒的浸出由扩散和化学反应混合控制。此时,硒的浸出与硝酸的浓度基本无关。
The leaching kinetics of selenium from copper anode slimes was studied in a nitric acid-sulfuric acid mixture. The effects of main parameters on selenium leaching showed that the leaching rate of selenium was practically independent of stirring speed, while dependent on temperature and the concentrations of HNO_3 and H_2SO_4. The leaching of selenium includes two stages. The activation energy in the first stage is 103.5 k J/mol, and the chemical reaction is the rate controlling step. It was almost independent of H_2SO_4 concentration and dependent on HNO_3 concentration since the empirical reaction order with respect to HNO_3 concentration is 0.5613. In the second stage, the activation energy is 30.6 k J/mol, and the process is controlled by a mixture of diffusion and chemical reaction. The leaching of selenium was almost independent of HNO_3 concentration.
The leaching kinetics of selenium from copper anode slimes was studied in a nitric acid-sulfuric acid mixture. The effects of main parameters on selenium leaching showed that the leaching rate of selenium was practically independent of stirring speed, while dependent on temperature and the concentrations of HNO_3 and H_2SO_4. The leaching of selenium includes two stages. The activation energy in the first stage is 103.5 k J/mol, and the chemical reaction is the rate controlling step. It was almost independent of H_2SO_4 concentration and dependent on HNO_3 concentration since the empirical reaction order with respect to HNO_3 concentration is 0.5613. In the second stage, the activation energy is 30.6 k J/mol, and the process is controlled by a mixture of diffusion and chemical reaction. The leaching of selenium was almost independent of HNO_3 concentration.
引文
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[13]ZHANG Bo-ya,WANG Ji-kun.The technological research on pre-treating copper anode slime with pressure acid leaching method[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2007,27(5):41-43.(in Chinese)
[14]YANG Hong-ying,MA Zhi-yuan,HUANG Song-tao,LV Yang,XIONG Liu.Intensification of pretreatment and pressure leaching of copper anode slime by microwave radiation[J].Journal of Central South University,2015,22(12):4536-4544.
[15]MOKMELI M,WASSINK B,DREISINGER D.Kinetics study of selenium removal from copper sulfate–sulfuric acid solution[J].Hydrometallurgy,2013,139:13-25.
[16]LI Xue-jiao,YANG Hong-ying,TONG Lin-lin,CHEN Guo-bao.Technological mineralogy of copper anode slime[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2013,34(4):560-563.(in Chinese)
[17]YANG Hong-ying,LI Xue-jiao,TONG Lin-lin,CHEN Guo-bao.Process mineralogy of high lead copper anode slime[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(1):269-278.(in Chinese)
[18]XIE Y,XU Y,YAN L,YANG R.Recovery of nickel,copper and cobalt from low-grade Ni-Cu sulfide tailings[J].Hydrometallurgy,2005,80(1-2):54-58.
[19]GHARABAGHI M,IRANNAJAD M,AZADMEHR A R.Leaching kinetics of nickel extraction from hazardous waste by sulphuric acid and optimization dissolution conditions[J].Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2013,91(2):325-331.
[20]CHEN T T,DUTRIZAC J E.A Mineralogical study of the deportment and reaction of silver during copper electrorefining[J].Ecological Entomology,2012,37(1):56-64.
[21]GHARABAGHI M,IRANNAJAD M,NOAPARAST M.A review of the beneficiation of calcareous phosphate ores using organic acid leaching[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,103(1-4):96-107.
[22]ZHANG W,LI J,ZHAO Z.Leaching kinetics of scheelite with nitric acid and phosphoric acid[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2015,52:78-84.
[23]AWE S A,SAMUELSSON C,SANDSTR M?.Dissolution kinetics of tetrahedrite mineral in alkaline sulphide media[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,103(1-4):167-172.
[2]MOSS R L,TZIMAS E,KARA H,WILLIS P,KOOROSHY J.Critical metals in strategic energy technologies:Assessing rare metals as supply-chain bottlenecks in low-carbon energy technologies[R].Institute for Energy and Transport IET.2011:141-143.
[3]SCOTT J D.Electrometallurgy of copper refinery anode slimes[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions B,1990,21(4):629-635.
[4]TASKINEN P,PATANA S,KOBYLIN P,LATOSTENMAA P.Oxidation mechanism of silver selenide[J].Oxidation of Metals,2013,81(5-6):503-513.
[5]CHEN T T,DUTRIZAC J E.Mineralogical characterization of anode slimes—II.Raw anode slimes from Inco’s copper cliff copper refinery[J].Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly,1988,27(2):97-105.
[6]TASKINEN P,PATANA S,KOBYLIN P,LATOSTENMAA P.Roasting selenium from copper refinery anode slimes[C]//Copper Metallurgy.Krakow,Poland,2011:1-8.
[7]LU Dian-kun,CHANG Yong-feng,YANG Hong-ying,XIE Feng.Sequential removal of selenium and tellurium from copper anode slime with high nickel content[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2015,25(4):1307-1314.
[8]KILIC Y,KARTAL G,TIMUR S.An investigation of copper and selenium recovery from copper anode slimes[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2013,124:75-82.
[9]HAIT J.Processing of copper electrorefining anode slime:A review[J].Mineral Processing&Extractive Metallurgy C,2009,118(4):240-252.
[10]LIU W F,YANG T Z,ZHANG D C,CHEN L,LIU Y N.Pretreatment of copper anode slime with alkaline pressure oxidative leaching[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2014,128(5):48-54.
[11]HAIT J,JANA R K,KUMAR V,SANYAL S K.Some studies on sulfuric acid leaching of anode slime with additives[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2002,41(25):6593-6599.
[12]HAIT J,JANA R K,SANYAL S K.Mineralogical characteristics of copper electrorefining anode slime and its leached residues[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2004,43(9):2079-2087.
[13]ZHANG Bo-ya,WANG Ji-kun.The technological research on pre-treating copper anode slime with pressure acid leaching method[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2007,27(5):41-43.(in Chinese)
[14]YANG Hong-ying,MA Zhi-yuan,HUANG Song-tao,LV Yang,XIONG Liu.Intensification of pretreatment and pressure leaching of copper anode slime by microwave radiation[J].Journal of Central South University,2015,22(12):4536-4544.
[15]MOKMELI M,WASSINK B,DREISINGER D.Kinetics study of selenium removal from copper sulfate–sulfuric acid solution[J].Hydrometallurgy,2013,139:13-25.
[16]LI Xue-jiao,YANG Hong-ying,TONG Lin-lin,CHEN Guo-bao.Technological mineralogy of copper anode slime[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2013,34(4):560-563.(in Chinese)
[17]YANG Hong-ying,LI Xue-jiao,TONG Lin-lin,CHEN Guo-bao.Process mineralogy of high lead copper anode slime[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(1):269-278.(in Chinese)
[18]XIE Y,XU Y,YAN L,YANG R.Recovery of nickel,copper and cobalt from low-grade Ni-Cu sulfide tailings[J].Hydrometallurgy,2005,80(1-2):54-58.
[19]GHARABAGHI M,IRANNAJAD M,AZADMEHR A R.Leaching kinetics of nickel extraction from hazardous waste by sulphuric acid and optimization dissolution conditions[J].Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2013,91(2):325-331.
[20]CHEN T T,DUTRIZAC J E.A Mineralogical study of the deportment and reaction of silver during copper electrorefining[J].Ecological Entomology,2012,37(1):56-64.
[21]GHARABAGHI M,IRANNAJAD M,NOAPARAST M.A review of the beneficiation of calcareous phosphate ores using organic acid leaching[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,103(1-4):96-107.
[22]ZHANG W,LI J,ZHAO Z.Leaching kinetics of scheelite with nitric acid and phosphoric acid[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2015,52:78-84.
[23]AWE S A,SAMUELSSON C,SANDSTR M?.Dissolution kinetics of tetrahedrite mineral in alkaline sulphide media[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,103(1-4):167-172.