深圳市南山区流感流行特征分析
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摘要
目的分析深圳市南山区2015—2017年流感病例的流行病学特征及一般人群血清抗体水平,初步预测流行趋势,为流感防控提供有效依据。方法收集2015—2017年哨点医院以及暴发疫情的流感样病例(ILI)的鼻咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术对采集的鼻咽拭子标本进行病毒鉴定;采用微量半致敏血凝抑制方法(HI)对一般人群血清抗体进行检测。结果 2015—2017年深圳市南山区哨点医院共采集ILI鼻咽拭子样本784份,检出阳性标本208份(26.53%);共报告ILI暴发疫情175起,累计报告病例数367例。哨点医院和流感暴发疫情的ILI检测结果在时间分布上基本一致。一般人群血清学检测结果显示一年中某亚型的流感病毒活动性越强,人群针对该亚型流感病毒的抗体阳性率及GMT值随之升高。结论南山区流感流行特征有一定规律,每年1—7月份为季节性流感的发病高峰期。一般人群抗体水平随着ILI流行特征的变化而发生变化。ILI流性特征与流感病毒活动趋势基本一致。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza virus and the levels of antibodies against influenza virus in healthy people in Nanshan District of Shenzhen from 2015 to 2017, and to provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control. Methods The throat swab specimens of influenza-like illness of surveillance hospital and epidemic outbreaks from 2015 to 2017 were obtained, the influenza virus were detected simultaneously by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(Real-Time PCR). The levels of antibodies against influenza virus in healthy people were tested by hemagglutination inhibition(HI) assays. Results Among 784 cases in surveillance hospital from 2015 to 2017, the ILI count and rate were 208 and 26.53%, respectively. Among 175 outbreaks of influenza, the ILI count were 367. The temporal distribution of ILI of surveillance hospital were basically coincident with the outbreaks.The more the influenza virus activated,the higher the levels of antibodies against influenza virus and GMT in healthy people would be. Conclusions There were certain rules of influenza epidemic characteristics in Nanshan District that the peak onset of seasonal flu was from the January to July. The levels of antibodies against influenza virus in healthy people changing with the epidemic characteristics of ILI. The epidemic characteristics of ILI was coincident with the influenza virus activity.
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza virus and the levels of antibodies against influenza virus in healthy people in Nanshan District of Shenzhen from 2015 to 2017, and to provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control. Methods The throat swab specimens of influenza-like illness of surveillance hospital and epidemic outbreaks from 2015 to 2017 were obtained, the influenza virus were detected simultaneously by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(Real-Time PCR). The levels of antibodies against influenza virus in healthy people were tested by hemagglutination inhibition(HI) assays. Results Among 784 cases in surveillance hospital from 2015 to 2017, the ILI count and rate were 208 and 26.53%, respectively. Among 175 outbreaks of influenza, the ILI count were 367. The temporal distribution of ILI of surveillance hospital were basically coincident with the outbreaks.The more the influenza virus activated,the higher the levels of antibodies against influenza virus and GMT in healthy people would be. Conclusions There were certain rules of influenza epidemic characteristics in Nanshan District that the peak onset of seasonal flu was from the January to July. The levels of antibodies against influenza virus in healthy people changing with the epidemic characteristics of ILI. The epidemic characteristics of ILI was coincident with the influenza virus activity.
引文
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[2]李兰娟,任红.传染病学[M].8版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2013.
[3]郭元吉,程小雯.流行性感冒病毒及其实验技术[M].北京:中国三峡出版社,1997:2-3.
[4]徐红.中国2002-2003年度流行性感冒监测分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2003,24(11):995-998.
[5]高燕,方立群,张勇,等.中国大陆季节性流感活动的时空分布特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2009,30(11):1097-1101.
[6]李燕,姚炜,汪东篱,等.深圳市光明新区2014年流感样病例呼吸道病毒病原学监测分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2015,25(18):3157-3160.
[7]邹明霞,熊英,曾艳文,等.南昌市2005-2006年部分人群血清流感抗体水平检测[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2007,17(3):492-493.
[8]陈艺韵,鲁恩洁,曹蓝,等.广州市2012-2016年A型季节性流感的流行特征分析[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(11):1098-1101.
[9]乐燕红,黄丰光,高淑萍.河源市2014-2016年流感流行与监测结果分析[J].中国热带医学,2018,18(1):80-83.
[10]MOSKOPHIDIS D,KIOUSSIS D.Contribution of virus-specific CD8+Cytotoxic T cells to virus clearance or pathologic manifestations of influenza virus infection in a T cell receptor transgenic mouse model[J].the Journal of Experimental Medicine,1998,188(2):223-232.
[11]HAY A J,GREGORY V,DOUGLAS A R,et al.The evolution of human influenza viruses[J].Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci,2001,356(1416):1861-1870.
[12]KORENKOV D A,LAURIE K L,READING P C,et al.Safety,immunogenicity and protection of A(H3N2)live attenuated influenza vaccines containing wild-type nucleoprotein in a ferret model[J].Infect Genet Evol,2018,64:95-104.
[13]舒跃龙.流感监测的发展历史及思考[J].中华流行病学杂志,2011,32(4):334-336.