一款基于软光刻技术的液态金属天线
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摘要
提出一种新型的频率可重构的微带贴片天线,以液态金属合金和高度可拉伸的弹性体分别作为辐射贴片和介质基板。液态金属使用的是由质量比为75%的镓和25%的铟组成的共晶镓铟合金(EGaIn),弹性体为聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS),通过实验测量了PDMS在3种配比下的拉伸量,当质量比为10:1时,PDMS的粘性较低,拉伸性较好。采用软光刻技术制备天线的PDMS模型,然后进行表面处理,使其能够更好地封装,最后将EGaIn包裹在PDMS中形成天线。在PDMS的拉伸极限内,通过对微带天线进行轴向拉伸,随着长度的增加,谐振频率逐渐降低,在4～6 GHz范围内实现了频率可重构。
A novel frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is proposed, which uses liquid metal alloy and highly extensible e-lastomer as a radiant patch and a dielectric substrate, respectively. The liquid metal used is eutectic gallium-indium alloy( EGaIn),consisting of 75 % gallium and 25 % indium. The elastomer used is polymethylsiloxane( PDMS), and the tensile quantity of PDMS under three ratios is measured by experiment. When the mass ratio is 10 : 1, PDMS has lower viscosity and better stretchability. The PDMS model of the antenna is made by soft lithography, and then the surface is processed so that it can be encapsulated better.Finally, the EGaIn is wrapped in the PDMS to form an antenna. In the tensile limit of PDMS, by axially stretching the microstrip antenna, the resonant frequency gradually decreases as the length increases, and the frequency can be reconfigurable in the range of 4 ～ 6 GHz.
A novel frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is proposed, which uses liquid metal alloy and highly extensible e-lastomer as a radiant patch and a dielectric substrate, respectively. The liquid metal used is eutectic gallium-indium alloy( EGaIn),consisting of 75 % gallium and 25 % indium. The elastomer used is polymethylsiloxane( PDMS), and the tensile quantity of PDMS under three ratios is measured by experiment. When the mass ratio is 10 : 1, PDMS has lower viscosity and better stretchability. The PDMS model of the antenna is made by soft lithography, and then the surface is processed so that it can be encapsulated better.Finally, the EGaIn is wrapped in the PDMS to form an antenna. In the tensile limit of PDMS, by axially stretching the microstrip antenna, the resonant frequency gradually decreases as the length increases, and the frequency can be reconfigurable in the range of 4 ～ 6 GHz.
引文
[1]YU Y,XIONG J,LI H,et al.An electrically small frequency reconfigurable antenna with a wide tuning range[J].IEEEAntenna Wireless Propagation Letters,2011,10(1):103-106.
[2]SCHAUBERT D H,FARRAR F G,HAYES S T,et al.Frequency-agile,polarization diverse microstrip antennas and frequency scanned arrays[P].US:US Patent 4367474 A,1983.
[3]WHITE C R,REBEIZ G M.A differential dual-polarized cavity-backed microstrip patch antenna with independent frequency tuning[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation,2010,58(11):3490-3498.
[4]KOMULAINEN M,BERG M,JANTUNEN H,et al.A frequency tuning method for a planar inverted-F antenna[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation,2008,56(4):944-950.
[5]RAJAGOPALAN H,KOVITZ J M,RAHMAT-SAMII Y.MEMS reconfigurable optimized E-shaped patch antenna design for cognitive radio[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation,2014,62(3):1056-1064.
[6]ABOUFOUL T,ALOMAINY A,PARINI C.Reconfiguring UWB monopole antenna for cognitive radio applications using GaAs FET switches[J].IEEE Antennas&Wireless Propagation Letters,2012,11(5):392-394.
[7]秦培元.可重构天线的研究及其在MIMO系统中的应用[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2011.
[8]徐永庆.基于PDMS的MEMS柔性天线的设计及制作[J].电子技术应用,2018,44(11):5-8.
[9]郑鹏帅,陈婧,姚佩.基于液态金属的柔性频率可重CPW天线设计[J].电子学报,2018,46(9):2276-2282.
[10]汪大军,王彦虎,廖永波.新型电磁材料微带天线的综述[J].电子技术应用,2015,41(12):11-14.
[11]HAYES G J,SO J H,QUSBA A,et al.Flexible liquid metal alloy(EGaIn)microstrip patch antenna[J].IEEETransactions on Antennas&Propagation,2012,60(5):2151-2156.
[12]MICHAEL D D,SO J H.Reversibly deformable and mechanically tunable fluidic antennas[J].Advanced Function Materials(S1616-301X),2009,19(22):3632-3637.
[13]LIU T,SEN P,KIM C J.Characterization of liquid-metal Galinstan誖for droplet applications[C].2010 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems(MEMS),2010:560-563.
[2]SCHAUBERT D H,FARRAR F G,HAYES S T,et al.Frequency-agile,polarization diverse microstrip antennas and frequency scanned arrays[P].US:US Patent 4367474 A,1983.
[3]WHITE C R,REBEIZ G M.A differential dual-polarized cavity-backed microstrip patch antenna with independent frequency tuning[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation,2010,58(11):3490-3498.
[4]KOMULAINEN M,BERG M,JANTUNEN H,et al.A frequency tuning method for a planar inverted-F antenna[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation,2008,56(4):944-950.
[5]RAJAGOPALAN H,KOVITZ J M,RAHMAT-SAMII Y.MEMS reconfigurable optimized E-shaped patch antenna design for cognitive radio[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation,2014,62(3):1056-1064.
[6]ABOUFOUL T,ALOMAINY A,PARINI C.Reconfiguring UWB monopole antenna for cognitive radio applications using GaAs FET switches[J].IEEE Antennas&Wireless Propagation Letters,2012,11(5):392-394.
[7]秦培元.可重构天线的研究及其在MIMO系统中的应用[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2011.
[8]徐永庆.基于PDMS的MEMS柔性天线的设计及制作[J].电子技术应用,2018,44(11):5-8.
[9]郑鹏帅,陈婧,姚佩.基于液态金属的柔性频率可重CPW天线设计[J].电子学报,2018,46(9):2276-2282.
[10]汪大军,王彦虎,廖永波.新型电磁材料微带天线的综述[J].电子技术应用,2015,41(12):11-14.
[11]HAYES G J,SO J H,QUSBA A,et al.Flexible liquid metal alloy(EGaIn)microstrip patch antenna[J].IEEETransactions on Antennas&Propagation,2012,60(5):2151-2156.
[12]MICHAEL D D,SO J H.Reversibly deformable and mechanically tunable fluidic antennas[J].Advanced Function Materials(S1616-301X),2009,19(22):3632-3637.
[13]LIU T,SEN P,KIM C J.Characterization of liquid-metal Galinstan誖for droplet applications[C].2010 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems(MEMS),2010:560-563.