国标《珠宝玉石及贵金属产品抽样检验合格判定准则》解读
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摘要
2017年10月新实施的国家标准《珠宝玉石及贵金属产品抽样检验合格判定准则》(GB/T 33541-2017)有效解决了珠宝及贵金属产品缺乏明确的合格判定依据的问题。新国标良好地将珠宝玉石及贵金属相关标准作了有效统一,包括:(1)抽样方案及方法、珠宝玉石及贵金属的检测方法、有害元素的检测方法、钻石珍珠翡翠等品质分级、标签标识的合格判定、整体综合判定及异议复查7个主要方面,覆盖产品质量监督全过程;(2)名称中将"饰品""首饰"调整为"产品",明确提出了"珠宝玉石及贵金属其他产品可参照本标准执行"的适用范围,解决了金条、摆件等贵金属制品缺乏有效对应标准的问题;(3)明确了"标签不合格"的定义,可有效减少监督抽查中可能产生的纠纷。新国标的出台有效地规范和统一全国珠宝玉石及贵金属产品,对整体提升我国珠宝行业的产品质量和消费信心具有重大意义。
This article explained the new National Standards:Qualified Judgement Criteria of Sampling Inspection for Gems and Precious Metal Products(GB/T 33541-2017),and has already been valid in October 2017 and effectively solved the problem of lacking of explicit qualified judgement criteria in jewelry industry.The new national standard perfectly united most related standards of gems and precious metal,including:(1)Sampling plan and methods,testing methods of gems and precious metal,determination methods of baneful elements in jewelry,grading standards of diamonds,pearls and jadeites,qualified judgement standard of marks and labels,qualified judgement standard of whole gems or precious metal products,and plan of objection and repeat inspection seven main parts,covering the entire process of quality supervision and inspection of jewelry.(2)Compared with traditional gems and precious metal standards,the new national standard modified the standard name from "jewelry/adornment"to "product",explicitly presented "other products of gems and precious metal can refer this standard",which solved the problem of lacking of proper standards for those gems or precious metal artworks such as gold bars or jade carvings.(3)Confirmed the definition of"unqualified label",which could effectively reduce the possibility of conflicts during jewelry quality supervision and inspection.Conclusively,the new standard will effectively standardize and unify national gems and precious metal products,and will significantly improve products quality and enhance consumer confidence in jewelry industry all over the country.
This article explained the new National Standards:Qualified Judgement Criteria of Sampling Inspection for Gems and Precious Metal Products(GB/T 33541-2017),and has already been valid in October 2017 and effectively solved the problem of lacking of explicit qualified judgement criteria in jewelry industry.The new national standard perfectly united most related standards of gems and precious metal,including:(1)Sampling plan and methods,testing methods of gems and precious metal,determination methods of baneful elements in jewelry,grading standards of diamonds,pearls and jadeites,qualified judgement standard of marks and labels,qualified judgement standard of whole gems or precious metal products,and plan of objection and repeat inspection seven main parts,covering the entire process of quality supervision and inspection of jewelry.(2)Compared with traditional gems and precious metal standards,the new national standard modified the standard name from "jewelry/adornment"to "product",explicitly presented "other products of gems and precious metal can refer this standard",which solved the problem of lacking of proper standards for those gems or precious metal artworks such as gold bars or jade carvings.(3)Confirmed the definition of"unqualified label",which could effectively reduce the possibility of conflicts during jewelry quality supervision and inspection.Conclusively,the new standard will effectively standardize and unify national gems and precious metal products,and will significantly improve products quality and enhance consumer confidence in jewelry industry all over the country.
引文
[1]王若川,路纪新,吴玉,等.QB/T 2062贵金属饰品[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[2]戴苏兰,陈大鹏,曲蔚,等.GB∕T 33541-2017珠宝玉石及贵金属产品抽样检验合格判定准则[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[3]李镜,谷艳君,张惠才,等.GB/T 19000-2016(ISO 9000:2015,IDT)质量管理体系基础和术语[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[4]全国人大常委会中华人民共和国产品质量法[Z].1993-09-01.
[5]国家质检总局第133号令.产品质量监督抽查管理办法[Z].2011-02-01.
[6]国家工商总局第65号令.流通领域商品质量抽查检验办法[Z].2014-03-15.
[7]国家质检总局.质检系统国家质检中心规划与能力建设分级管理实施细则[Z].2013-10-19.
[8]邹晶来,向磊,廖占丕,等.GB/T 26021-2010金条[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[9]杨佩,杨鹔,周涛,等.GB/T 18043-2013首饰贵金属含量的测定X射线荧光光谱法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
[10]李素青,李玉鹍,范积芳,等.GB/T 9288-2006金合金首饰金含量的测定灰吹法(火试金法)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[11]李玉鹍,李素青,李武军,等.GB/T 17832-2008银合金首饰银含量的层溴化钾容量法(电位滴定法)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[12]范积芳,李玉鹍,李素青,等.GB/T 19720-2005铂合金首饰铂、钯含量的测定氯铂酸铵重量法和丁二酮肟重量法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.
[13]王东辉,伏荣进,李玉鹍,等.GB/T 21198.6-2007贵金属合金首饰中贵金属含量的测定ICP光谱法第6部分:差减法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[14]段体玉,李素青,王春生,等.GB 11887-2012首饰贵金属纯度的规定及命名方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[15]段体玉,李素青,王春生,等.GB 28480-2012饰品有害元素限量的规定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[16]张蓓莉,高岩,王曼君,等.GB/T 16552-2010珠宝玉石名称[S]北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[17]于振凡,赵光华,陈业怀,等.GB/T 2828.4-2008计数抽样检验程序第4部分:声称质量水平的评定程序[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[18]李玉鹍,李素青,范积芳,等.GB/T14459-2006贵金属饰品计数抽样检验规则[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[19]陈华英,于振凡,陈业怀,等.GB/T 16306-2008声称质量水平复检与复验的评定程序[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[20]张蓓莉,柯捷,沈美冬,等.GB/T 16554-2010钻石分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[21]陆东农,陶金波,曹华松,等.GB/T 18781-2008珍珠分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[22]张培莉,王曼君,柯捷,等.GB/T 23885翡翠分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[23]段体玉,李素卿,刁习静,等.GB/T 31912-2015饰品标识[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[24]王若川.QB/T 1690-2004贵金属饰品质量测量允差的规定[S].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004.
[25]曹维宇,崔建军,孔伟,等.GB/T 30712-2014抛光钻石质量测量允差的规定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[26]国家质检总局.四川省质检院主持制定国家标准《珠宝玉石及贵金属产品抽样检验合格判定准则》作为2017年国家重要标准正式发布[EB/OL].http://www.aqsiq.gov.cn/xxgk_13386/ywxx/cpzljd/201704/t20170420_486440.htm,2017-04-20.
[27]新华社.中共中央国务院关于开展质量提升行动的指导意见[EB/OL].http://www.aqsiq.gov.cn/ztlm/2017/zltsxd/qw/201709/t20170928_498734.htm,2017-09-05.
(1)孟建华,曹经宇,崔建军,等.电商平台低值珠宝饰品质量状况浅析.第二届金质检贵金属检验技术交流大会论文集,2017.
[2]戴苏兰,陈大鹏,曲蔚,等.GB∕T 33541-2017珠宝玉石及贵金属产品抽样检验合格判定准则[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[3]李镜,谷艳君,张惠才,等.GB/T 19000-2016(ISO 9000:2015,IDT)质量管理体系基础和术语[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[4]全国人大常委会中华人民共和国产品质量法[Z].1993-09-01.
[5]国家质检总局第133号令.产品质量监督抽查管理办法[Z].2011-02-01.
[6]国家工商总局第65号令.流通领域商品质量抽查检验办法[Z].2014-03-15.
[7]国家质检总局.质检系统国家质检中心规划与能力建设分级管理实施细则[Z].2013-10-19.
[8]邹晶来,向磊,廖占丕,等.GB/T 26021-2010金条[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[9]杨佩,杨鹔,周涛,等.GB/T 18043-2013首饰贵金属含量的测定X射线荧光光谱法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
[10]李素青,李玉鹍,范积芳,等.GB/T 9288-2006金合金首饰金含量的测定灰吹法(火试金法)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[11]李玉鹍,李素青,李武军,等.GB/T 17832-2008银合金首饰银含量的层溴化钾容量法(电位滴定法)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[12]范积芳,李玉鹍,李素青,等.GB/T 19720-2005铂合金首饰铂、钯含量的测定氯铂酸铵重量法和丁二酮肟重量法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.
[13]王东辉,伏荣进,李玉鹍,等.GB/T 21198.6-2007贵金属合金首饰中贵金属含量的测定ICP光谱法第6部分:差减法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[14]段体玉,李素青,王春生,等.GB 11887-2012首饰贵金属纯度的规定及命名方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[15]段体玉,李素青,王春生,等.GB 28480-2012饰品有害元素限量的规定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[16]张蓓莉,高岩,王曼君,等.GB/T 16552-2010珠宝玉石名称[S]北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[17]于振凡,赵光华,陈业怀,等.GB/T 2828.4-2008计数抽样检验程序第4部分:声称质量水平的评定程序[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[18]李玉鹍,李素青,范积芳,等.GB/T14459-2006贵金属饰品计数抽样检验规则[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[19]陈华英,于振凡,陈业怀,等.GB/T 16306-2008声称质量水平复检与复验的评定程序[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[20]张蓓莉,柯捷,沈美冬,等.GB/T 16554-2010钻石分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[21]陆东农,陶金波,曹华松,等.GB/T 18781-2008珍珠分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[22]张培莉,王曼君,柯捷,等.GB/T 23885翡翠分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[23]段体玉,李素卿,刁习静,等.GB/T 31912-2015饰品标识[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[24]王若川.QB/T 1690-2004贵金属饰品质量测量允差的规定[S].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004.
[25]曹维宇,崔建军,孔伟,等.GB/T 30712-2014抛光钻石质量测量允差的规定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[26]国家质检总局.四川省质检院主持制定国家标准《珠宝玉石及贵金属产品抽样检验合格判定准则》作为2017年国家重要标准正式发布[EB/OL].http://www.aqsiq.gov.cn/xxgk_13386/ywxx/cpzljd/201704/t20170420_486440.htm,2017-04-20.
[27]新华社.中共中央国务院关于开展质量提升行动的指导意见[EB/OL].http://www.aqsiq.gov.cn/ztlm/2017/zltsxd/qw/201709/t20170928_498734.htm,2017-09-05.
(1)孟建华,曹经宇,崔建军,等.电商平台低值珠宝饰品质量状况浅析.第二届金质检贵金属检验技术交流大会论文集,2017.