磷缺乏日粮添加米糠和植酸酶对生长猪养分利用率及氮磷代谢的影响
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摘要
文章旨在研究日粮添加不同水平米糠及植酸酶对生长猪养分消化率及钙磷代谢的影响。试验选择48头平均体重为(87.0±2.45)kg的生长猪,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复2头猪。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,处理组用7.5%、15%、30%的米糠替代基础日粮,同时另外两组在对照组和30%米糠组分别添加750 IU/kg植酸酶,试验共进行2周,包括1周适应期和1周试验期。结果显示:随着日粮米糠添加水平的升高,干物质、能量、氮、纤维、钙表观消化率显著线性升高(P <0.05),而磷表观消化率显著线性降低(P <0.05)。随着日粮米糠添加水平的升高钙沉积率显著升高(P <0.05),对磷代谢平衡其他指标均具有显著升高的影响(P <0.05),粪氮量显著升高(P <0.05),其他氮平衡指标显著降低(P <0.05)。日粮添加植酸酶显著提了磷、脂肪和钙表观消化率(P <0.05),而米糠添加水平显著提高了养分表观消化率(P <0.05)。米糠替代基础日粮添加植酸酶显著提高了钙沉积率(P <0.05),显著提高了磷的吸收和沉积量(P <0.05)。结论 :猪日粮中添加米糠较玉米-豆粕型日粮降低了磷表观消化率,添加植酸酶后可以改善氮、磷代谢。
This study was conducted to investigate dietary addition of different levels of rice bran and supplementation of phytase on nutrient utilization,nitrogen and phosphorous metabolism of growing pigs. Forty-eight pigs with the average body weight(87.0±2.45)kg were allotted to 6 groups with 4 replicates of 2 pigs. The control group fed with the corn-soybean meal diet,and the treatments addition of 7.5%,15% and 30% rice bran to substitute of basal diet,and the control and 30% rice bran group addition of 750 IU/kg phytase,respectively. The degree of depression in digestibility was much more marked for dry matter,energy,N,?ber,and Ca(P < 0.05). Phosphorus digestibility also decreased linearly with increasing amounts of rice bran(P < 0.05). The phytase main effect was strongly signi?cant(P < 0.05)for P and fat digestibility,and moderately signi?cant(P < 0.05)for Ca digestibility. Phosphorus absorption and retention(as a percent of intake)was higher(P < 0.05)in the phytase supplemented diets. Fecal excretion of P for the rice bran added diet more than doubled the excretion observed in the 0% rice bran diet(P < 0.05). In summary,the estimated digestibility coef?cients for most rice bran derived nutrients in growing pigs were lower than those for the basal low-P corn-soybean meal diet,the nitrogen and phosphorous metabolism can be improved by addition of phytase.
This study was conducted to investigate dietary addition of different levels of rice bran and supplementation of phytase on nutrient utilization,nitrogen and phosphorous metabolism of growing pigs. Forty-eight pigs with the average body weight(87.0±2.45)kg were allotted to 6 groups with 4 replicates of 2 pigs. The control group fed with the corn-soybean meal diet,and the treatments addition of 7.5%,15% and 30% rice bran to substitute of basal diet,and the control and 30% rice bran group addition of 750 IU/kg phytase,respectively. The degree of depression in digestibility was much more marked for dry matter,energy,N,?ber,and Ca(P < 0.05). Phosphorus digestibility also decreased linearly with increasing amounts of rice bran(P < 0.05). The phytase main effect was strongly signi?cant(P < 0.05)for P and fat digestibility,and moderately signi?cant(P < 0.05)for Ca digestibility. Phosphorus absorption and retention(as a percent of intake)was higher(P < 0.05)in the phytase supplemented diets. Fecal excretion of P for the rice bran added diet more than doubled the excretion observed in the 0% rice bran diet(P < 0.05). In summary,the estimated digestibility coef?cients for most rice bran derived nutrients in growing pigs were lower than those for the basal low-P corn-soybean meal diet,the nitrogen and phosphorous metabolism can be improved by addition of phytase.
引文
[1]陈丽宏.利用非粮饲料降低养猪成本[J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2013,10:128
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[4]Bach-Knudsen K E. The nutritional significance of dietary fiber analysis[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,2001,90:3~20.
[5]Campabadal C,Creswell D,Wallace H D et al. Nutritional value of rice bran for pigs[J].Trop Agric(Trinidad),1976,53:141~149.
[6]Kim B G,Lindemann M D,Cromwell G L et al. The correlation between passage rate of digesta and dry matter digestibility in various stages of swine[J].Livest Sci,2007,109:81~84.
[7]Kronfeld D S,Holland J L,Rich G A et al. Fat digestibility in Equus caballus follows increasing first-order kinetics[J].J Anim Sci,2004,82:1773~1780.
[8]Landero J L,Beltranena E,Cervantes M et al. The effect of feeding solvent-extracted canola meal on growth performance and diet nutrient digestibility in weaned pigs[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,2011,170:136~140.
[9]Rainbird A L,Low A G,Zebrowska T. Effect of guar gum on glucose and water absorption from isolated loops of jejunum in conscious growing pigs[J].Br J Nutr,1984,52:489~498.
[10]Ravindran V,Selle P H,Ravindran G et al. Microbial phytase improves performance,apparent metabolizable energy,and ileal amino acid digestibility of broilers fed a lysine-deficient diet[J].Poult Sci,2001,80:338~344.
[11]Souffrant W B. Effect of dietary fibre on ileal digestibility endogenous nitrogen loses in the pig[J].Anm Feed Sci Tech,2001,90:93~102.
[12]Wenk C. The role of dietary fibre in the digestive physiology of the pig[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,2001,90:21~23.
[2]熊汉锋,万细华.农业面源氮磷污染对湖泊水体富营养化的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31:25~27.
[3]Akyurek H,Senkoylu N,Ozduven M L. Effect of microbial phytase on growth performance and nutrients digestibility in broilers[J].Pakistan J Nutr,2005,4:22~26.
[4]Bach-Knudsen K E. The nutritional significance of dietary fiber analysis[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,2001,90:3~20.
[5]Campabadal C,Creswell D,Wallace H D et al. Nutritional value of rice bran for pigs[J].Trop Agric(Trinidad),1976,53:141~149.
[6]Kim B G,Lindemann M D,Cromwell G L et al. The correlation between passage rate of digesta and dry matter digestibility in various stages of swine[J].Livest Sci,2007,109:81~84.
[7]Kronfeld D S,Holland J L,Rich G A et al. Fat digestibility in Equus caballus follows increasing first-order kinetics[J].J Anim Sci,2004,82:1773~1780.
[8]Landero J L,Beltranena E,Cervantes M et al. The effect of feeding solvent-extracted canola meal on growth performance and diet nutrient digestibility in weaned pigs[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,2011,170:136~140.
[9]Rainbird A L,Low A G,Zebrowska T. Effect of guar gum on glucose and water absorption from isolated loops of jejunum in conscious growing pigs[J].Br J Nutr,1984,52:489~498.
[10]Ravindran V,Selle P H,Ravindran G et al. Microbial phytase improves performance,apparent metabolizable energy,and ileal amino acid digestibility of broilers fed a lysine-deficient diet[J].Poult Sci,2001,80:338~344.
[11]Souffrant W B. Effect of dietary fibre on ileal digestibility endogenous nitrogen loses in the pig[J].Anm Feed Sci Tech,2001,90:93~102.
[12]Wenk C. The role of dietary fibre in the digestive physiology of the pig[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,2001,90:21~23.