肉桂醛替代肉用仔鸡日粮中抗生素的使用效果
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摘要
为研究肉桂醛替代肉用仔鸡日粮中抗生素的使用效果,选用1日龄健康青脚麻肉用雏鸡360只,随机分为4组:试验1(对照)、2、3和4组。每组设3个重复,每个重复30只雏鸡。在基础日粮中添加抗生素(1～3周龄:吉他霉素预混剂50mg/kg和盐霉素预混剂75mg/kg;4～8周龄:吉他霉素预混剂10mg/kg)后,饲喂对照组鸡;在基础日粮中分别添加肉桂醛预混剂40、80、120mg/kg后,分别饲喂试验2、3和4组鸡。饲养试验周期56d,观测鸡的健康状况、增重、血清生化指标、肠道菌群和肉质等。结果表明:1)在整个饲养周期,试验3组鸡的平均日增重较对照组提高5.68%;试验3组的料重质量分数(2.14±0.17)最低,但与其他组的差异不显著;2)与对照组比较,试验3、4组鸡血清谷丙转氨酶活性分别降低43.66%、61.97%,试验4组鸡血清谷草转氨酶活性降低9.27%,试验2组鸡血清总蛋白提高14.34%,试验2、4组鸡血清尿素氮都降低24.32%,试验3组鸡血清IgA提高31.03%,试验3、4组鸡血清IgG分别提高61.47%和66.97%,试验2、3、4组鸡血清IgM分别提高169.09%、283.64%和300.00%;3)试验3、4组鸡胸肌失水率分别较对照组降低17.21%和14.10%。本研究证实:肉桂醛能促进肉用仔鸡的生长,改进营养生化代谢,增强鸡体免疫功能,提高鸡肉品质;肉桂醛在肉用仔鸡中的应用效果好于抗生素;肉桂醛预混剂在肉用仔鸡日粮中的适宜添加量为80～120mg/kg。
To study the substitution effects of cinnamylaldehyde for antibiocs in broiler diet,360 healthy 1 day of age broilers were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups:Group 1(the control),the experimental group 2,3 and 4 with 3 replicates per group and 30 broilers per replicate.The control group broilers were fed basal diet supplemented antibiotics(1-3 weeks of age:kitasamycin premix 50 mg/kg and salinomycin premix 75 mg/kg;4-8 weeks of age:kitasamycin premix 10 mg/kg);Group 2,3 and 4 broilers were fed basal diet supplemented with 40,80 and 120 mg/kg of cinnamaldehyde premix,respectively.The feeding experimental period was 56 d.The broiler health status,weight gain,serum biochemical indexes,intestinal flora and meat quality were observed.The results showed that:1)At 1-8 weeks of age,the average daily gain of the Group 3 broilers increased by 5.68% compared with the control group.The feed weight ratio(2.14±0.17)of the experimental Group 3 was the lowest.2)Compared with the control group,the activities of the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase in serum of the Group 3 and 4 broilers decreased respectively by43.66% and 61.97%.The activities of the glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in serum of Group 4 broilers decreased by 9.27%;The total protein in serum of Group 2 broilers increased by 14.34%.The urea nitrogen in serum of Group 2,4 broilers decreased both by 24.32%.IgA in serum of Group 3 broilers increased by 31.03%.IgG in serum of Group 3,4 broilers increased respectively by 61.47% and 66.97%.IgM in serum of Group 2,3 and 4 broilers increased respectively by 169.09%,283.64% and 300.00%.3)The water loss rate of pecloralis muscles of Group 3 and 4 broilers decreased respectively by 17.21% and 14.10%.This study showed that cinnamaldehyde promoted the growth of broilers,improved the metabolism of nutrition and biochemistry,enhanced immune function and improved the quality of chicken meat.The application effects of cinnamaldehyde in broilers were better than antibiotics,and the optimal supplementation of cinnamaldehyde premix in broiler diet was 80-120 mg/kg.
To study the substitution effects of cinnamylaldehyde for antibiocs in broiler diet,360 healthy 1 day of age broilers were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups:Group 1(the control),the experimental group 2,3 and 4 with 3 replicates per group and 30 broilers per replicate.The control group broilers were fed basal diet supplemented antibiotics(1-3 weeks of age:kitasamycin premix 50 mg/kg and salinomycin premix 75 mg/kg;4-8 weeks of age:kitasamycin premix 10 mg/kg);Group 2,3 and 4 broilers were fed basal diet supplemented with 40,80 and 120 mg/kg of cinnamaldehyde premix,respectively.The feeding experimental period was 56 d.The broiler health status,weight gain,serum biochemical indexes,intestinal flora and meat quality were observed.The results showed that:1)At 1-8 weeks of age,the average daily gain of the Group 3 broilers increased by 5.68% compared with the control group.The feed weight ratio(2.14±0.17)of the experimental Group 3 was the lowest.2)Compared with the control group,the activities of the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase in serum of the Group 3 and 4 broilers decreased respectively by43.66% and 61.97%.The activities of the glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in serum of Group 4 broilers decreased by 9.27%;The total protein in serum of Group 2 broilers increased by 14.34%.The urea nitrogen in serum of Group 2,4 broilers decreased both by 24.32%.IgA in serum of Group 3 broilers increased by 31.03%.IgG in serum of Group 3,4 broilers increased respectively by 61.47% and 66.97%.IgM in serum of Group 2,3 and 4 broilers increased respectively by 169.09%,283.64% and 300.00%.3)The water loss rate of pecloralis muscles of Group 3 and 4 broilers decreased respectively by 17.21% and 14.10%.This study showed that cinnamaldehyde promoted the growth of broilers,improved the metabolism of nutrition and biochemistry,enhanced immune function and improved the quality of chicken meat.The application effects of cinnamaldehyde in broilers were better than antibiotics,and the optimal supplementation of cinnamaldehyde premix in broiler diet was 80-120 mg/kg.
引文
[1]周明,张靖,申书婷,王欢,李泽阳,陈征义.姜黄素在育肥猪中应用效果的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2014,29(3):67-73Zhou M,Zhang J,Shen S T,Wang H,Li Z Y,Chen Z Y.The applied effects of curcumin in finishing swine[J].Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2014,29(3):67-73(in Chinese)
[2]周明,陈征义,申书婷.肉桂醛的制备方法和生物学功能[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(8):2040-2045Zhou M,Chen Z Y,Shen S T.Manufacturing methods and biological functions of cinnamaldehyde[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2014,26(8):2040-2045(in Chinese)
[3]陈立平,张慧萍,陈光,王淑湘,刘月霞,谭宏,刘蕾.肉桂油成分分析及肉桂醛体外抗肿瘤活性研究[J].中国微生态学杂志,2012,24(4):327-330Chen L P,Zhang H P,Chen G,Wang S X,Liu Y X,Tan H,Liu L.Analysis of cinnamon oil composition and the anti-cancer effect of cinnamaldehyde[J].Chinese Journal of Microecology,2012,24(4):327-330(in Chinese)
[4]王帆,杨静东,王春梅,石志琦.肉桂醛对大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的作用机制[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(4):888-892Wang F,Yang Q D,Wang C M,Shi Z Q.Inhibitory effect of cinnamaldehyde against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agriculture Science,2011,27(4):888-892(in Chinese)
[5]张明发,沈雅琴.肉桂的药理作用及温里功效[J].陕西中医,1995,16(1):39-42Zhang M F,Shen Y Q.Pharmacology and efficacy of cinnamon[J].Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,1995,16(1):39-42(in Chinese)
[6]周明,王恩典,汪炳红,陈征义,邹应龙,申书婷,何冰,丁华林.肉桂醛替代保育猪饲粮中金霉素、杆菌肽锌[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(7):2106-2112Zhou M,Wang E D,Wang B H,Chen Z Y,Zou Y L,Shen S T,He B,Ding H L.Substitution of cinnamyl aldehyde for aureomycin and bacitracin zinc in nursery pig diet[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2016,28(7):2106-2112(in Chinese)
[7]申书婷,陈征义,王恩典,何冰,丁华林,周明.肉桂醛制剂替代生长前期猪饲粮中抗生素的作用效果[J].中国兽医学报,2015,35(12):2054-2060Shen S T,Chen Z Y,Wang E D,He B,Ding H L,Zhou M.Asubstitution effect of cinnamyl aldehyde preparation for antibiocs in growing pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2015,35(12):2054-2060(in Chinese)
[8]Tiihonen K,Kettunen H,Bento M H L,Saarinen M,Lahtinen S.The effect of feeding essential oils on broiler performance and gut microbiota[J].British Poultry Science,2010,51(3):381-392
[9]Jamroz D A,Wiliczkiewicz A,Wertelecki T,Orda J,Skorupińska J.Use of active substances of plant origin in chicken diets on maize and locally grown cereals[J].British Poultry Science,2005,46(4):485-493
[10]邱殿锐,郭建军,刘洋,赵伍祥,臧素敏,赵国军,金晓东,刘瑞臣.肉桂醛对肉鸡生产性能及营养物质消化率的影响[J].中国家禽,2013,35(7):27-30Qiu D R,Guo J J,Liu Y,Zhao W X,Zang S M,Zhao G J,Jin XD,Liu R C.Effects of dietary cinnamaldehyde on growth performance and apparent digestion rate of nutrient substance in broilers[J].China Poultry,2013,35(7):27-30(in Chinese)
[11]徐小明,杜银峰,闫俊书,宦海琳,周维仁.几种抗生素替代品对肉鸡生长性能及器官指数的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(6):187-190Xu X M,Du Y F,Yan J S,Huan H L Zhou W R.Effects of several antibiotics substitutes on growth performance and organ index of broilers[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2015,43(6):187-190(in Chinese)
[12]Song F,Li H,Sun J Y,Wang S W.Protective effects of cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemia in rats[J].Jounral of Ethnopharmacology,2013,150(1):125-130
[13]Castillo M,Martín-Oruúe S M,Roca M,Manzanilla E G,Badiola I,Perez J F,Gasa J.The response of gastrointestinal microbiota to avilamycin,butyrate,and plant extracts in earlyweaned pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2006,84(10):2725-2734
[14]杜银峰.几种饲用抗生素替代产品对肉鸡生长、消化和免疫性能的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013Du Y F.Study on the effects of substitutes for antibiotics on the performance,digestive and immune function in broiler[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2013(in Chinese)
[15]刘洋,臧素敏,李同洲,杨静,郭建军,赵伍祥.肉桂醛对肉鸡肠道菌群、肠道结构及营养物质消化率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2013,49(13):65-68Liu Y,Zang S M,Li T Z,Yang J,Guo J J,Zhao W X.Effects of cinnamaldehyde on intestinal microflora,intestinal structure and digestibility of nutrient digestibility[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2013,49(13):65-68(in Chinese)
[16]周明.动物营养学教程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014Zhou M.Animal Nutrition Tutorial[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2014(in Chinese)
[17]张成喜,滕乐帮,刘晓,孙国强.肉桂醛对奶牛血液生化指标和养分消化率的影响[J].中国饲料,2017(15):8-11Zhang C X,Ten L B,Liu X,Sun G Q.Effects of cinnamaldehyde on blood biochemical parameters and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows[J].China Feed,2017(15):8-11(in Chinese)
[18]肖世平,徐昊翔,姚佳.植物精油在畜牧业中的应用[J].饲料广角,2016,(15):44-47Xiao S P,Xu H X,Yao J.Application of plant essential oils in animal husbandry[J].Feed Wide Angle,2016,(15):44-47(in Chinese)
[19]周明,王欢,李泽阳.猪肉品质的影响因素与改良措施[J].养猪,2013(2):65-69Zhou M,Wang H,Li Z Y.Influencing factors and improving measures of pork quality[J].Swine Production,2013(2):65-69(in Chinese)
[20]张靖,周明,王井亮,陈征义.姜黄素替代猪饲粮中抗菌药物喹烯酮对抗体合成和猪肉品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2011,32(22):4-7Zhang J,Zhou M,Wang J L,Chen Z Y.Effect of substitution of curcumin for quinocetone in diet fed to finishing pigs on the antibody synthesis and the meat quality[J].Feed Industry,2011,32(22):4-7(in Chinese)
[2]周明,陈征义,申书婷.肉桂醛的制备方法和生物学功能[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(8):2040-2045Zhou M,Chen Z Y,Shen S T.Manufacturing methods and biological functions of cinnamaldehyde[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2014,26(8):2040-2045(in Chinese)
[3]陈立平,张慧萍,陈光,王淑湘,刘月霞,谭宏,刘蕾.肉桂油成分分析及肉桂醛体外抗肿瘤活性研究[J].中国微生态学杂志,2012,24(4):327-330Chen L P,Zhang H P,Chen G,Wang S X,Liu Y X,Tan H,Liu L.Analysis of cinnamon oil composition and the anti-cancer effect of cinnamaldehyde[J].Chinese Journal of Microecology,2012,24(4):327-330(in Chinese)
[4]王帆,杨静东,王春梅,石志琦.肉桂醛对大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的作用机制[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(4):888-892Wang F,Yang Q D,Wang C M,Shi Z Q.Inhibitory effect of cinnamaldehyde against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agriculture Science,2011,27(4):888-892(in Chinese)
[5]张明发,沈雅琴.肉桂的药理作用及温里功效[J].陕西中医,1995,16(1):39-42Zhang M F,Shen Y Q.Pharmacology and efficacy of cinnamon[J].Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,1995,16(1):39-42(in Chinese)
[6]周明,王恩典,汪炳红,陈征义,邹应龙,申书婷,何冰,丁华林.肉桂醛替代保育猪饲粮中金霉素、杆菌肽锌[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(7):2106-2112Zhou M,Wang E D,Wang B H,Chen Z Y,Zou Y L,Shen S T,He B,Ding H L.Substitution of cinnamyl aldehyde for aureomycin and bacitracin zinc in nursery pig diet[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2016,28(7):2106-2112(in Chinese)
[7]申书婷,陈征义,王恩典,何冰,丁华林,周明.肉桂醛制剂替代生长前期猪饲粮中抗生素的作用效果[J].中国兽医学报,2015,35(12):2054-2060Shen S T,Chen Z Y,Wang E D,He B,Ding H L,Zhou M.Asubstitution effect of cinnamyl aldehyde preparation for antibiocs in growing pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2015,35(12):2054-2060(in Chinese)
[8]Tiihonen K,Kettunen H,Bento M H L,Saarinen M,Lahtinen S.The effect of feeding essential oils on broiler performance and gut microbiota[J].British Poultry Science,2010,51(3):381-392
[9]Jamroz D A,Wiliczkiewicz A,Wertelecki T,Orda J,Skorupińska J.Use of active substances of plant origin in chicken diets on maize and locally grown cereals[J].British Poultry Science,2005,46(4):485-493
[10]邱殿锐,郭建军,刘洋,赵伍祥,臧素敏,赵国军,金晓东,刘瑞臣.肉桂醛对肉鸡生产性能及营养物质消化率的影响[J].中国家禽,2013,35(7):27-30Qiu D R,Guo J J,Liu Y,Zhao W X,Zang S M,Zhao G J,Jin XD,Liu R C.Effects of dietary cinnamaldehyde on growth performance and apparent digestion rate of nutrient substance in broilers[J].China Poultry,2013,35(7):27-30(in Chinese)
[11]徐小明,杜银峰,闫俊书,宦海琳,周维仁.几种抗生素替代品对肉鸡生长性能及器官指数的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(6):187-190Xu X M,Du Y F,Yan J S,Huan H L Zhou W R.Effects of several antibiotics substitutes on growth performance and organ index of broilers[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2015,43(6):187-190(in Chinese)
[12]Song F,Li H,Sun J Y,Wang S W.Protective effects of cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemia in rats[J].Jounral of Ethnopharmacology,2013,150(1):125-130
[13]Castillo M,Martín-Oruúe S M,Roca M,Manzanilla E G,Badiola I,Perez J F,Gasa J.The response of gastrointestinal microbiota to avilamycin,butyrate,and plant extracts in earlyweaned pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2006,84(10):2725-2734
[14]杜银峰.几种饲用抗生素替代产品对肉鸡生长、消化和免疫性能的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013Du Y F.Study on the effects of substitutes for antibiotics on the performance,digestive and immune function in broiler[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2013(in Chinese)
[15]刘洋,臧素敏,李同洲,杨静,郭建军,赵伍祥.肉桂醛对肉鸡肠道菌群、肠道结构及营养物质消化率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2013,49(13):65-68Liu Y,Zang S M,Li T Z,Yang J,Guo J J,Zhao W X.Effects of cinnamaldehyde on intestinal microflora,intestinal structure and digestibility of nutrient digestibility[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2013,49(13):65-68(in Chinese)
[16]周明.动物营养学教程[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014Zhou M.Animal Nutrition Tutorial[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2014(in Chinese)
[17]张成喜,滕乐帮,刘晓,孙国强.肉桂醛对奶牛血液生化指标和养分消化率的影响[J].中国饲料,2017(15):8-11Zhang C X,Ten L B,Liu X,Sun G Q.Effects of cinnamaldehyde on blood biochemical parameters and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows[J].China Feed,2017(15):8-11(in Chinese)
[18]肖世平,徐昊翔,姚佳.植物精油在畜牧业中的应用[J].饲料广角,2016,(15):44-47Xiao S P,Xu H X,Yao J.Application of plant essential oils in animal husbandry[J].Feed Wide Angle,2016,(15):44-47(in Chinese)
[19]周明,王欢,李泽阳.猪肉品质的影响因素与改良措施[J].养猪,2013(2):65-69Zhou M,Wang H,Li Z Y.Influencing factors and improving measures of pork quality[J].Swine Production,2013(2):65-69(in Chinese)
[20]张靖,周明,王井亮,陈征义.姜黄素替代猪饲粮中抗菌药物喹烯酮对抗体合成和猪肉品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2011,32(22):4-7Zhang J,Zhou M,Wang J L,Chen Z Y.Effect of substitution of curcumin for quinocetone in diet fed to finishing pigs on the antibody synthesis and the meat quality[J].Feed Industry,2011,32(22):4-7(in Chinese)