民用飞机载荷校准试验关键技术浅析
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摘要
民用飞机载荷校准试验是飞机载荷验证试飞的关键工作之一,飞行载荷验证的有效性很大程度上取决于校准试验的可靠性。为了提高校准试验的质量,对民用飞机校准试验中的关键技术进行研究和总结,阐述民用飞机载荷校准试验中测载站位的选取、应变法测量典型方案、校准载荷的确定、载荷方程的建立、试验报告的编制等内容,提出合理化意见和建议,可为我国民用飞机载荷试飞的开展提供一定的技术指导和帮助。
The load calibration test of civil aircraft is one of the crucial works of the loads verification flight test.The validity of flight test mainly depends on the reliability of calibration test.In order to improve the quality of calibration test,the key technologies of civil aircraft load calibration test is researched and summarized,including the selection of loads station,the typical layout of strain gauge,the determination of the magnitude of calibration loads,principle of load equations establishment,test report preparation and so on.The corresponding practical comments and proposal are raised.The research results can be used to proivide some technical guidance for civil aircaft flight load test.
The load calibration test of civil aircraft is one of the crucial works of the loads verification flight test.The validity of flight test mainly depends on the reliability of calibration test.In order to improve the quality of calibration test,the key technologies of civil aircraft load calibration test is researched and summarized,including the selection of loads station,the typical layout of strain gauge,the determination of the magnitude of calibration loads,principle of load equations establishment,test report preparation and so on.The corresponding practical comments and proposal are raised.The research results can be used to proivide some technical guidance for civil aircaft flight load test.
引文
[1]中国民用航空局.CCAR-25-R4运输类飞机适航标准[S].北京:中国民用航空局,2011.Civil Aviation Administration of China.CCAR-25-R4 Airworthiness standards:transport category airplanes[S].Beijing:CAAC,2011.(in Chinese)
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[3]Guo H,Xiao G,Mrad N,et al.Fiber optic sensors for structural health monitoring of air platforms[J].Sensors,2011,11(4):3687-3705.
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[5]杨全伟,舒成辉,赵华.飞机机翼载荷校准试验的有限元仿真方法[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(23):6569-6571.Yang Quanwei,Shu Chenghui,Zhao Hua.Technology of FEM simulation in aircraft wing loads calibration test[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(23):6569-6571.(in Chinese)
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[10]阎楚良,张书明,卓宁生,等.飞机机翼结构载荷测量试验力学模型与数据处理[J].航空学报,2000,21(6):56-60.Yan Chuliang,Zhang Shuming,Zhuo Ningsheng,et al.Mechanical model and data processing of load measurement test for the airplane’s wing structure[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2000,21(6):56-60.(in Chinese)
[11]Sigurd A.NelsonⅡ.Strain gage selection in loads equations using a genetic algorithm[R].NASA-CR-4597,1994.
[12]胡昌荣.飞机飞行载荷测量载荷方程的优选[J].航空学报,1994,15(1):102-105.Hu Changrong.The optimization of load equation during aircraft flight load measurement[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,1994,15(1):102-105.(in Chinese)
[13]王兆东.民机飞行载荷的试飞验证[J].民用飞机设计与研究,2011(2):16-20.Wang Zhaodong.The test flight demonstration of civil airplane flight load[J].Civil Aircraft Design and Research,2011(2):16-20.(in Chinese)
[2]赵燕,高尚,张多源.应变电桥选择方法在飞行载荷测量中的应用[J].现代机械,2012(2):37-39.Zhao Yan,Gao Shang,Zhang Duoyuan.Application of MT method for strain gage selection in flight loads measurements[J].Modern Machinery,2012(2):37-39.(in Chinese)
[3]Guo H,Xiao G,Mrad N,et al.Fiber optic sensors for structural health monitoring of air platforms[J].Sensors,2011,11(4):3687-3705.
[4]Development of a practical optical fibre system for health monitoring composite structures[C].AIAA-2006-2116,2006.
[5]杨全伟,舒成辉,赵华.飞机机翼载荷校准试验的有限元仿真方法[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(23):6569-6571.Yang Quanwei,Shu Chenghui,Zhao Hua.Technology of FEM simulation in aircraft wing loads calibration test[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(23):6569-6571.(in Chinese)
[6]侯乔乔,杨东涛,高战朋.基于应变测量的飞行载荷测试方法研究[C].江西:江西省航空学会,2013.Hou Qiaoqiao,Yang Dongtao,Gao Zhanpeng.Research of flight loads test method based on strain measurement[C].Jiangxi:Jiangxi Aviation Society,2013.(in Chinese)
[7]Skopinski T H,Aiken W S,Huston W B.Calibration of strain-gage installations in aircraft structures for the measurement of flight loads[R].NACA-TR-1178,1954.
[8]FAA.Draft AC(J)25.301flight loads validation[S].Hoofddrop,2002.
[9]钟海,张鹏程.大展弦比机翼载荷校准技术研究[J].科技传播,2013(3):10-11.Zhong Hai,Zhang Pengcheng.The research of high aspect ratio wing load calibration technology[J].Public Communication of Science&Technology,2013(3):10-11.(in Chinese)
[10]阎楚良,张书明,卓宁生,等.飞机机翼结构载荷测量试验力学模型与数据处理[J].航空学报,2000,21(6):56-60.Yan Chuliang,Zhang Shuming,Zhuo Ningsheng,et al.Mechanical model and data processing of load measurement test for the airplane’s wing structure[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2000,21(6):56-60.(in Chinese)
[11]Sigurd A.NelsonⅡ.Strain gage selection in loads equations using a genetic algorithm[R].NASA-CR-4597,1994.
[12]胡昌荣.飞机飞行载荷测量载荷方程的优选[J].航空学报,1994,15(1):102-105.Hu Changrong.The optimization of load equation during aircraft flight load measurement[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,1994,15(1):102-105.(in Chinese)
[13]王兆东.民机飞行载荷的试飞验证[J].民用飞机设计与研究,2011(2):16-20.Wang Zhaodong.The test flight demonstration of civil airplane flight load[J].Civil Aircraft Design and Research,2011(2):16-20.(in Chinese)