舰载机舰面操纵转弯特性动力学建模与分析
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摘要
为防止舰载机舰面操纵时出现侧滑或者侧翻事故,对舰载机舰面运动品质与操纵转弯特性进行了研究。首先推导了在航母运动状态下舰载机机身转动动力学方程,接着建立了计算侧滑与翻滚临界速度的数学模型;计算了航母运动条件下舰载机滑行时操纵转弯发生侧滑、翻滚的最大转弯速度与转弯角度;并给出了考虑航母运动速度时舰载机的机体翻滚判据和主轮侧滑判据。研究结果表明:相对于地面滑行时的操纵运动,舰载飞机在航母甲板上滑行时的最大允许转弯滑行速度明显下降,尤其是在大风浪气象条件及舰载机远离航母重心等状况下,最大滑行速度降幅更大。该研究结果为我国航母舰载机机动操作规范提供重要的参考依据。
To avoid the accident of sideslip or tumbling,the deck motion quality and turning manipulation characteristic of the carrier-based aircraft is investigated. Firstly,the kinetic equation of aircraft body rotation considering aircraft carrier movement is deduced. Then a mathematical models for calculating the critical speed of sideslip and tumbling are established. The extreme turning speed and turning angle of sideslip and tumbling of maneuvering cockpit under aircraft carrier movement condition are calculated. And the body roll criterion and the main wheel sideslip criteria of the carrier-based aircraft are given. The results shows that the maximum allowed turning speed of the carrier-based aircraft is significantly lower than that of the ground maneuvering,especially under heavy wind and waves and when the carrier-based aircraft is far away from the carrier's center of gravity. This study provides the important reference basis for our aircraft carrier aircraft maneuvering operation specification.
To avoid the accident of sideslip or tumbling,the deck motion quality and turning manipulation characteristic of the carrier-based aircraft is investigated. Firstly,the kinetic equation of aircraft body rotation considering aircraft carrier movement is deduced. Then a mathematical models for calculating the critical speed of sideslip and tumbling are established. The extreme turning speed and turning angle of sideslip and tumbling of maneuvering cockpit under aircraft carrier movement condition are calculated. And the body roll criterion and the main wheel sideslip criteria of the carrier-based aircraft are given. The results shows that the maximum allowed turning speed of the carrier-based aircraft is significantly lower than that of the ground maneuvering,especially under heavy wind and waves and when the carrier-based aircraft is far away from the carrier's center of gravity. This study provides the important reference basis for our aircraft carrier aircraft maneuvering operation specification.
引文
[1]顾诵芬,解思适.飞机总体设计[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001:182-183Gu Songfen,Xie Sishi.The Aircraft Design[M].Beijing,Bei jing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Press,2001:182-183(in Chinese)
[2]金秀芬,李凯,于秀伟.民用飞机地面转弯时重心侧向过载系数的分析与研究[J].航空工程进展,2012,3(3):317-321Jin Xiufen,Li Kai,Yu Xiuwei.Research of Side Load Factor for Civil Aircraft Ground Turning[J].Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering,2012,3(3):317-321(in Chinese)
[3]孙泽鹏,聂宏,郑蓝.飞机地面操纵动态特性和方向稳定性研究[J].机械工程师,2008(11):58-60Sun Zepeng,Nie Hong,Zheng Lan.Research on Aircraft Ground Handling Dynamic Characters and Direction Stability[J].Mechanical Engineering,2008(11):58-60(in Chinese)
[4]Michael Schmidt.A Review of Aircraft Turnaround Operations and Simulations[J].Progress in Aerospace Sciences,2017,92:25-38
[5]常正,聂宏,冯飞,等.飞机柔性对前起落架摆振的影响分析[J].航空学报,2011,32(12):2227-2235Chang Zheng,Nie Hong,Feng Fei,et al.Analysis of Influence of Aircraft Flexibility on Nose Landing Gear Shimmy[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2011,32(12):2227-2235(in Chinese)
[6]Khapane P D.Simulation of Asymmetric Landing and Typical Ground Maneuvers for Large Transport Aircraft[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2003,7(8):611-619
[7]Khapane P D.Gear Walk Instability Studies Using Flexible Multibody Dynamics Simulation Methods in SIMPACK[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2006,10(1):19-25
[8]顾宏斌.飞机地面运行的动力学模型[J].航空学报,2001,22(2):163-167Gu Hongbin.Dynamic Model of Aircraft Ground Handling[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2001,22(2):163-167(in Chinese)
[9]张明,聂宏,魏小辉.多轮起落架飞机滑行操纵动力学分析[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2008,40(4):542-546Zhang Ming,Nie Hong,Wei Xiaohui.Dynamic Analysis of Aircraft Ground Handling with Multi-Wheel Landing Gears[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,2008,40(4):542-546(in Chinese)
[10]朱天文.飞机地面操纵转弯半径和转弯速度计算方法研究[J].飞机设计,2003,24(3):31-34Zhu Tianwen.Study on Calculative Method of Aircraft Steering Turning Radius and Turning Velocity[J].Aircraft Design,2003,24(3):31-34(in Chinese)
[11]孙晓羽.舰船运动下舰载机阻拦着舰动力学分析与仿真[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013Sun Xiaoyu.The Analsis of Aircraft Arrested Landing under the Motion of Aircraft Carrier[D].Harbin,Harbin Engineering University,2013(in Chinese)
[12]高泽迥.飞机地面操纵减摆系统及地面运动力学[M].航空学报杂志社,1997:50-53Gao Zejiong.Aircraft Ground Steering&Shimmy System and Ground Kinematics[M].Beijing,Press of Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,1997:50-53(in Chinese)
[13]王纪森,何长安.飞机轮胎与跑道间结合系数模型的研究[J].西北工业大学学报,2000,18(4):569-571Wang Jisen,He Changan.Determination of Tire-Runway Friction Coefficient[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2000,18(4):569-571(in Chinese)
[2]金秀芬,李凯,于秀伟.民用飞机地面转弯时重心侧向过载系数的分析与研究[J].航空工程进展,2012,3(3):317-321Jin Xiufen,Li Kai,Yu Xiuwei.Research of Side Load Factor for Civil Aircraft Ground Turning[J].Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering,2012,3(3):317-321(in Chinese)
[3]孙泽鹏,聂宏,郑蓝.飞机地面操纵动态特性和方向稳定性研究[J].机械工程师,2008(11):58-60Sun Zepeng,Nie Hong,Zheng Lan.Research on Aircraft Ground Handling Dynamic Characters and Direction Stability[J].Mechanical Engineering,2008(11):58-60(in Chinese)
[4]Michael Schmidt.A Review of Aircraft Turnaround Operations and Simulations[J].Progress in Aerospace Sciences,2017,92:25-38
[5]常正,聂宏,冯飞,等.飞机柔性对前起落架摆振的影响分析[J].航空学报,2011,32(12):2227-2235Chang Zheng,Nie Hong,Feng Fei,et al.Analysis of Influence of Aircraft Flexibility on Nose Landing Gear Shimmy[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2011,32(12):2227-2235(in Chinese)
[6]Khapane P D.Simulation of Asymmetric Landing and Typical Ground Maneuvers for Large Transport Aircraft[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2003,7(8):611-619
[7]Khapane P D.Gear Walk Instability Studies Using Flexible Multibody Dynamics Simulation Methods in SIMPACK[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2006,10(1):19-25
[8]顾宏斌.飞机地面运行的动力学模型[J].航空学报,2001,22(2):163-167Gu Hongbin.Dynamic Model of Aircraft Ground Handling[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2001,22(2):163-167(in Chinese)
[9]张明,聂宏,魏小辉.多轮起落架飞机滑行操纵动力学分析[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2008,40(4):542-546Zhang Ming,Nie Hong,Wei Xiaohui.Dynamic Analysis of Aircraft Ground Handling with Multi-Wheel Landing Gears[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,2008,40(4):542-546(in Chinese)
[10]朱天文.飞机地面操纵转弯半径和转弯速度计算方法研究[J].飞机设计,2003,24(3):31-34Zhu Tianwen.Study on Calculative Method of Aircraft Steering Turning Radius and Turning Velocity[J].Aircraft Design,2003,24(3):31-34(in Chinese)
[11]孙晓羽.舰船运动下舰载机阻拦着舰动力学分析与仿真[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013Sun Xiaoyu.The Analsis of Aircraft Arrested Landing under the Motion of Aircraft Carrier[D].Harbin,Harbin Engineering University,2013(in Chinese)
[12]高泽迥.飞机地面操纵减摆系统及地面运动力学[M].航空学报杂志社,1997:50-53Gao Zejiong.Aircraft Ground Steering&Shimmy System and Ground Kinematics[M].Beijing,Press of Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,1997:50-53(in Chinese)
[13]王纪森,何长安.飞机轮胎与跑道间结合系数模型的研究[J].西北工业大学学报,2000,18(4):569-571Wang Jisen,He Changan.Determination of Tire-Runway Friction Coefficient[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2000,18(4):569-571(in Chinese)