多菌种混合固态发酵花生秸秆生产蛋白质饲料的工艺研究
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摘要
为开发利用花生秸秆,探讨多菌种混合发酵花生秸秆产生蛋白饲料的可行性,确定复合菌剂发酵花生秸秆生产蛋白饲料工艺参数。试验采用多菌种混合发酵的方法,以粗蛋白含量和纤维素酶活性为考察指标,以花生秸秆为发酵对象,研究含水量、接种量、发酵时间、花生秸秆与麸皮比例和氮源比例对发酵后花生秸秆中粗蛋白和纤维素酶活性的影响。结果表明,优化后发酵花生秸秆的最佳工艺条件为:花生秸秆初始水分含量为70%,花生秸秆与麸皮比例为4∶1,接种量为5%,发酵时间为10 d,氮源比例为1%。花生秸秆经混合发酵后粗蛋白含量提高了53.39%(P<0.05),粗灰分、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维与酸性洗涤纤维含量分别降低了20.10%、57.97%、14.66%和21.53%(P<0.05),花生秸秆的营养价值有明显改善。
To utilize peanut straw and explore the feasibility of producing protein feed by mixed fermentation of peanut stalk with multiple strains, the technological parameters for the production of protein feed by fermenting peanut straw with the strains of Trichoderma viride, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis were established, analyzed and evaluated. In this study the impact of water content, inoculation size, fermentation time, the ratio of peanut straw and wheat bran and nitrogen ratio on protein content and cellulose activity in peanut straw after fermentation were analyzed. The best fermentation process conditions after optimizing were: the water content was 70%, the ratio of peanut straw and wheat bran was 4:1, inoculation amount was 5%, the fermentation time was 10 d, and the nitrogen ratio was 1%. The crude protein content of peanut straw increased by 53.39% after mixed fermentation(P<0.05), the content of crude ash, crude fiber content neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber reduced by 20.10%, 57.97%, 14.66% and 21.53% respectively(P<0.05). The nutritive value of peanut straw had improved significantly.
To utilize peanut straw and explore the feasibility of producing protein feed by mixed fermentation of peanut stalk with multiple strains, the technological parameters for the production of protein feed by fermenting peanut straw with the strains of Trichoderma viride, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis were established, analyzed and evaluated. In this study the impact of water content, inoculation size, fermentation time, the ratio of peanut straw and wheat bran and nitrogen ratio on protein content and cellulose activity in peanut straw after fermentation were analyzed. The best fermentation process conditions after optimizing were: the water content was 70%, the ratio of peanut straw and wheat bran was 4:1, inoculation amount was 5%, the fermentation time was 10 d, and the nitrogen ratio was 1%. The crude protein content of peanut straw increased by 53.39% after mixed fermentation(P<0.05), the content of crude ash, crude fiber content neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber reduced by 20.10%, 57.97%, 14.66% and 21.53% respectively(P<0.05). The nutritive value of peanut straw had improved significantly.
引文
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[3] 毛建红,陶莲,许贵善,等.农作物秸秆生物发酵机理与饲养价值评定[J].饲料工业,2017,38(21):14-18.
[4] GE X,SUN Z,XIN D,et al.Enhanced xylanase performance in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials by surfactants and non-catalytic protein[J].Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology,2014,172(4):2 106-2 118.
[5] TUYEN D V,PHUONG H N,CONE W.Effect of Fungal Treat menu of Fibrous Agricultural By-products on Chemical Composilion and in vitro,Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,129(2):256-263.
[6] 魏如腾.高效降解玉米秸秆复合菌系的构建[D].山西太谷:山西农业大学,2016.
[7] 张阿强.混菌固态发酵玉米秸秆产单细胞蛋白饲料的研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2017.
[8] 白春艳,魏如腾,侯红萍.多菌混合发酵产纤维素酶及生物法预处理秸秆的研究[J].中国酿造,2016,35(1):57-61.
[9] LI X X ,XU W B ,YANG J S,et al.Effects of applying lactic acid bacteria to the fermentation on a mixture of corn steep liquor and air-dried rice straw[J].Animal Nutrition,2016,3(2):229-233.
[10] 彭建.饲料检测与分析技术[M] .北京:科学出版社,2008.
[11] TAO L,TU Y,DIAO Q Y,et al.Effects of different source additive and wilt condition on the pH value,aerobic stability,and carbohydrate and protein fractions of alfalfa silage[J].Animal Science Journal,2017,88(1),99-106.
[12] 孙旸,地里百尔·努尔,林晓琼,等.酵母和乳酸菌混合发酵对玉米秸秆蛋白质含量的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2016,38(5):557-561.
[13] 宋佳.秸秆发酵饲料乳酸菌分离筛选及发酵条件研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2013.
[14] 王石玉,陈雄,王永泽,等.拟康氏木霉固态发酵产纤维素酶系的研究[J].中国饲料,2008(23):23-26.
[15] 种玉婷.稻秆降解复合菌系的筛选及其发酵特性研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2011.
[16] 王燕,文奇男,刘晓兰,等.微生物发酵提高玉米秸秆营养价值的研究[J].饲料工业,2016,37(14):42-48.
[17] 任佐华.多菌种混合发酵水稻秸秆的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2006.
[18] 韩颖洁.微生物发酵秸科对肉羊生产性能和营养物质表观消化率的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2015.
[19] 刘传都.利用混合菌同体发酵木薯渣生产菌体蛋白饲料的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2009.