钒钛磁铁矿直接还原技术研究进展
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摘要
钒钛磁铁矿是一种含钒、钛、铁和其它有价元素如钪、铬、钴、铜、镍等多种元素共生的复合矿,因而具有很高的利用价值,目前主要采用高炉-转炉法冶炼钒钛磁铁矿,但该流程存在着诸多弊端,基于此背景,本文绍当前几种典型直接还原技术,将先提铁的工艺分为:直接还原-电炉法和直接还原-磁选法,将先提机的工艺分为钒钛磁铁矿精矿钠化焙烧-水浸提钒和钒钛磁铁矿精矿钙化焙烧-酸浸提钒。综述了当前几种典型直接还原技术的研究现状,为今后钒钛磁铁矿资源综合利用提供参考。同时,通过对比和分析不同直接还原技术的应用现状和特点,发现竖炉-电炉法具有良好的应用前景,是未来钒钛磁铁矿资源综合利用的发展方向。
Vanadium-titanium magnetite is a kind of complex ore that contains vanadium, titanium, iron and other valuable elements such as scandium, chromium, cobalt, copper, nickel and other elements, so it has a high utilization value. The smelting of vanadium-titanium magnetite by the blast furnace and converter-smelting process has many disadvantages. Based on this background, this paper presents several typical direct reduction technologies.The process of extracting iron is divided into : direct reduction-electric furnace method and direct reduction-magnetic separation, the vanadium extraction process is mainly divided into vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate sodium-soda roasting-water-leaching vanadium and vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrates calcification roasting-acidleaching vanadium extraction. The current research status of several typical direct reduction technologies is reviewed, which provides reference for the comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite resources in the future. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the application status and characteristics of different direct reduction technologies, it is found that the shaft furnace-electric furnace method has good prospect of application,which is the development direction of comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite resources in the future.
Vanadium-titanium magnetite is a kind of complex ore that contains vanadium, titanium, iron and other valuable elements such as scandium, chromium, cobalt, copper, nickel and other elements, so it has a high utilization value. The smelting of vanadium-titanium magnetite by the blast furnace and converter-smelting process has many disadvantages. Based on this background, this paper presents several typical direct reduction technologies.The process of extracting iron is divided into : direct reduction-electric furnace method and direct reduction-magnetic separation, the vanadium extraction process is mainly divided into vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate sodium-soda roasting-water-leaching vanadium and vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrates calcification roasting-acidleaching vanadium extraction. The current research status of several typical direct reduction technologies is reviewed, which provides reference for the comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite resources in the future. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the application status and characteristics of different direct reduction technologies, it is found that the shaft furnace-electric furnace method has good prospect of application,which is the development direction of comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite resources in the future.
引文
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[19]范晓慧,邱冠周,姜涛等.我国直接还原铁生产的现状与发展前景[J].炼铁,2002(3):53-55.
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[21]陈永国,郭森魁,何祥义.铁直接还原技术的现状及发展[J].上海金属,1999(4):40-42.
[22]刘功国.基于转底炉直接还原工艺的钒钛磁铁矿综合利用试验研究[J].钢铁研究,2012(2):4-7.
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[24]郭玉华.着力突破技术“瓶颈”高效发挥转底炉功效[N].中国冶金报,2010-05-27(B02).
[25]李占军,刘功国,秦洁等.钒钛矿转底炉直接还原炉底上涨成因及对策[J].中国冶金,2015(7):40-45.
[26]张大江,陈登福,徐楚韶等.低品位铁矿石煤基回转窑直接还原研究[J].过程工程学报,2009(S1):152-156.
[27]李志强,张洋.新西兰钒钛海砂磁铁矿冶炼工艺分析[J].现代冶金,2017(4):31-33.
[28]司金凤,贾彦忠,刘吉涛等.回转窑结圈物结构及结圈机制[J].钢铁,2014(1):17-21.
[29]韦武强.大西沟菱铁矿煤基回转窑结圈原因分析及改进[J].金属矿山,2011(9):166-168.
[30]侯恩俭,王斌,杨永斌等.氧化球团回转窑中结圈物的形成机理及抑制措施研究[J].烧结球团,2016(3):34-38.
[31]齐立伟,王斌,马文等.燃煤品质对回转窑结圈影响的研究[J].烧结球团,2016(01):28-32.
[32]黄柱成,沈雪华,朱顺伟等.还原回转窑中的粉末黏结特性及其固结机理[J].金属矿山,2018(1):73-78.
[33]付向辉,毛拥军;薛生晖.大型工业磁化焙烧回转窑结圈研究及预防控制[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2013(S1):236-239.
[34]张福明,曹朝真,徐辉.气基竖炉直接还原技术的发展现状与展望[J].钢铁,2014(03):1-10.
[35]Tang J,Chu M S,Ying Z W,et al.Non-Isothermal Gas-Based Direct Reduction Behavior of High Chromium Vanadium-TitaniumMagnetite Pellets and the Melting Separation of Metallized Pellets[J].Metals,2017,7(5):153.
[36]师学峰,徐红军,张颖异等.钒钛磁铁矿气基竖炉直接还原试验研究[J].钢铁钒钛,2015(1):52-56.
[37]储满生,唐珏,柳政根等.高铬型钒钛磁铁矿综合利用现状及进展[J].钢铁研究学报,2017,29(5):335-344.
[38]陈凌,张贤明,刘先斌等.钒钛磁铁矿直接还原工艺探讨[J].应用化工,2017(1):150-153.
[39]高恩霞,孙体昌,徐承焱等.基于还原焙烧的某海滨钛磁铁矿的钛铁分离[J].金属矿山,2013(11):46-48.
[40]于春晓,孙体昌,徐承焱等.煤泥作还原剂对海滨钛磁铁矿直接还原焙烧磁选的影响[J].矿冶工程,2014(5):93-96.
[41]ZHAO L,WANG L,QI T,et al.A novel method to extract iron,titanium,vanadium,and chromium from high-chromium vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite concentrates[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,149:106-109.
[42]CHEN C,SUN T,WANG X,et al.Effects of MgO on the Reduction of Vanadium Titanomagnetite Concentrates with Char[J].JOM,2017,69(10):1759-1766.
[43]GENG C,SUN T,YANG H,et al.Effect of Na_2SO_4 on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation[J].ISIJ International,2015,55(12):2543-2549.
[44]郭宇峰,隋裕雷,姜涛等.钒钦磁铁矿还原磨选法含钒钛尾渣提钒研究[J].钢铁钒钛,2014,35(2):9-14.
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