南海金枪鱼延绳钓作业参数优化
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摘要
为了探索南海金枪鱼延绳钓合适作业参数,根据2010年6月至2013年2月8个航次的南海金枪鱼延绳钓探捕调查数据,估算了大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼在不同水层的渔获率,以浮子绳长度hf、两浮子间钩数n和短缩率k这3个作业参数的调整为研究对象,采用最小二乘法度量不同水层上钓钩分布频率与金枪鱼渔获分布频率的匹配程度。当两者之间的频差平方和达到最小值时,即认为找到延绳钓最合适作业结构。结果显示:hf=34 m、n=25、k=0.68°对捕捞大眼金枪鱼最合适;hf=10 m、n=14、k=0.71°对捕捞黄鳍金枪鱼最合适;两种兼顾时,hf=8 m、n=27、k=0.69°更合适。
In order to understand the suitable operation parameters of tuna longline fishing in South China Sea,catch rate in different water layers were estimated for Thunnus obesus and Thunnus albacre based on 8 voyages of tuna longline survey data from June 2010 to February 2013 in South China Sea.With adjustment of three operation parameters-float line length h_f,numbers of hook between two floats n and sag ratio k as the object of study,matching degree of hook distribution frequency with tuna harvesting distribution frequency in different water layers was measured by least square method.The most suitable operation structure of logline was considered to be found when the sum of squared frequency difference reached to the minimun value.The result showed that h_f=34 m,n=25,k=0.68°were most suitable for targeting Thunnus obesus;h_f=10 m,n=14,k=0.71°were most suitable for targeting Thunnus albacre;h_f=8 m,n=27,k=0.69°were more suitable for targeting both species.
In order to understand the suitable operation parameters of tuna longline fishing in South China Sea,catch rate in different water layers were estimated for Thunnus obesus and Thunnus albacre based on 8 voyages of tuna longline survey data from June 2010 to February 2013 in South China Sea.With adjustment of three operation parameters-float line length h_f,numbers of hook between two floats n and sag ratio k as the object of study,matching degree of hook distribution frequency with tuna harvesting distribution frequency in different water layers was measured by least square method.The most suitable operation structure of logline was considered to be found when the sum of squared frequency difference reached to the minimun value.The result showed that h_f=34 m,n=25,k=0.68°were most suitable for targeting Thunnus obesus;h_f=10 m,n=14,k=0.71°were most suitable for targeting Thunnus albacre;h_f=8 m,n=27,k=0.69°were more suitable for targeting both species.
引文
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[22]陈庆义,张国胜,姜大为,等.深冷型远洋金枪鱼延绳钓主要技术参数及作业参数的分析[J].大连水产学院学报,2003,18(2):130-134.
[23]戴小杰,项忆军.热带大西洋公海金枪鱼延绳钓渔获物上钩率的分析[J].水产学报,2000,24(1):81-85.
[24]张衡,戴阳,杨胜龙,等.基于分离式卫星标志信息的金枪鱼垂直移动特性[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(20):196-203.
[25]MUNPRASIT A,PRAJAKJITT P.Tuna Resource Exploration with Tuna Longline in the South China Sea,Area IV:Vietnamese Waters[R].Bangkok,Thailand:SEAFDEC,2000:29-40.
[26]RUANGSIVAKUL N,SIRIRAKSOPHON S.Fishing gear and methods in Southeast Asia:IV.Vietnam[R].Bangkok,Thailand:SEAFDEC,2002:187-212.
[27]RUANGSIVAKUL N,SIRIRAKSOPHON S.Fishing gear and methods in Southeast Asia:III.Philippines part 2[R].Bangkok,Thailand:SEAFDEC,2004:299-360.
[28]张鹏,陈森,李杰,等.灯光罩网渔船兼作金枪鱼延绳钓捕捞试验[J].南方水产科学,2016,12(4):110-116.
[2]卢伙胜.2015年南海渔业生产年度报告[R].湛江:广东海洋大学,2016:1-40.
[3]张华.中国金枪鱼延绳钓渔业技术分析及改进意见[J].水产科技,1998(6):29-33.
[4]冯波,李忠炉,侯刚.南海大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼生物学特性及其分布[J].海洋与湖沼,2014,45(4):886-894.
[5]THANH V N.Vietnam tuna fisheries profile[R].Pohnpei Federated States of Micronesia:WCPFC,2012:1-46.
[6]YOSHIHARA T.Distribution of catch of tuna longline IV.On the relation between k and phi with a table and diagram[J].Bull.Jap.Soc.Sci.Fish.1954,19:1012-1014.
[7]WARD P,HINDMARSH S.An overview of historical changes in the fishing gear and practices of pelagic longliners,with particular reference to Japan's Pacific fleet[J].Review in Fish Biology and Fisheries,2007,17:501–516.
[8]BACH P,GAERTNER D,MENKES C,et al.Effects of the gear deployment strategy and current shear on pelagic longline shoaling[J].Fisheries Research,2009,95:55-64.
[9]BIGELOW K,MUSYL M K,POISSON F,et al.Pelagic longline gear depth and shoaling[J].Fisheries Research,2006,77:173-183.
[10]栾松鹤,戴小杰,田思泉,等.中西太平洋金枪鱼延绳钓主要渔获物垂直结构的初步研究[J].海洋渔业,2015,37(6):501-508.
[11]宋利明,杨嘉樑,胡振新,等.两种延绳钓钓具大眼金枪鱼捕捞效果的比较[J].上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(3):424-430.
[12]CAMPBELL R A,YOUNG J W.Monitoring the behaviour of longline gears and the depth and time of fish capture in the Australian eastern tuna and billfish fishery[J].Fisheries Research,2012,120:48-65.
[13]张艳波,戴小杰,朱江峰,等.东南太平洋金枪鱼延绳钓主要渔获种类垂直分布[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(3):912-918.
[14]许友伟,戴小杰,庄之栋,等.大西洋金枪鱼延绳钓主要兼捕鱼种垂直分布结构研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2012(4):55-63.
[15]宋利明.大西洋中部金枪鱼延绳钓捕捞技术初探[J].上海水产大学学报,1997,6(2):139-143.
[16]李灵智,黄洪亮,刘健,等.大西洋中部金枪鱼延绳钓性能评估初步研究[J].渔业信息与战略,2012,27(4):310-315.
[17]马家志,虞聪达,郑基,等.北大西洋公海金枪鱼延绳钓渔具渔法及其性能调查研究[J].浙江海洋学院学报,2015,34(3):287-292.
[18]宋利明,高攀峰.马尔代夫海域延绳钓渔场大眼金枪鱼的钓获水层、水温和盐度[J].水产学报,2006,30(3):335-340.
[19]叶振江,王理想,万荣.大型深冷金枪鱼延绳钓典型渔具性能的初步研究[J].中国海洋大学学报,2008,38(2):207-210.
[20]宋利明.大西洋中部金枪鱼延绳钓捕捞技术的改进[J].上海水产大学学报,1998,7(1):345-347.
[21]陈庆义,贾复.金枪鱼延绳钓船长及服务航速与钓钩数量的匹配[J].大连水产学院学报,2002,17(4):323-327.
[22]陈庆义,张国胜,姜大为,等.深冷型远洋金枪鱼延绳钓主要技术参数及作业参数的分析[J].大连水产学院学报,2003,18(2):130-134.
[23]戴小杰,项忆军.热带大西洋公海金枪鱼延绳钓渔获物上钩率的分析[J].水产学报,2000,24(1):81-85.
[24]张衡,戴阳,杨胜龙,等.基于分离式卫星标志信息的金枪鱼垂直移动特性[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(20):196-203.
[25]MUNPRASIT A,PRAJAKJITT P.Tuna Resource Exploration with Tuna Longline in the South China Sea,Area IV:Vietnamese Waters[R].Bangkok,Thailand:SEAFDEC,2000:29-40.
[26]RUANGSIVAKUL N,SIRIRAKSOPHON S.Fishing gear and methods in Southeast Asia:IV.Vietnam[R].Bangkok,Thailand:SEAFDEC,2002:187-212.
[27]RUANGSIVAKUL N,SIRIRAKSOPHON S.Fishing gear and methods in Southeast Asia:III.Philippines part 2[R].Bangkok,Thailand:SEAFDEC,2004:299-360.
[28]张鹏,陈森,李杰,等.灯光罩网渔船兼作金枪鱼延绳钓捕捞试验[J].南方水产科学,2016,12(4):110-116.