低热应力下石蜡对压装RDX基PBX炸药性能的影响
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摘要
为了解石蜡在低热应力下对压装含Al粉RDX基PBX炸药性能的影响,用扫描电镜、聚焦显微镜、透射显微镜、X线断层摄影仪观察了药柱在55℃加热57d的的微观结构;测量了药柱的体积、质量和密度,并测试了其真空安定性、摩擦感度、撞击感度、抗压强度、抗剪强度。结果表明,加热后药柱中石蜡软化连接,黏结剂互相粘结;药柱质量减少0.1%,体积增加0.5%,平均密度减少0.6%,未见裂纹;摩擦感度从8%降至0,抗压强度增加30%,抗剪强度增加83%。说明低热应力并未影响药柱的撞击感度、安定性和结构完整性,此时药柱中的石蜡发生软化迁移,分布均匀化,使药柱压制成型时的缺陷得到修复,从而降低了药柱的摩擦感度,并提高了抗压强度和抗剪强度。
To explore the effect of paraffin on properties of the pressed RDX-based PBX explosive containing aluminium powder under the low thermal stress,the micro-structures of the grains being heated at 55℃for 57 days were observed by scanning electron microscope,focus microscope,projection microscope and X-ray computed tomography.The volume,mass and density of the grain were measured and the vacuum stability,impact sensitivity,friction sensitivity and compressive strength and shear strength of the grain were performed.Results show that the paraffin in grain melts and connects to each other after being heated,the dispersed binder bond with each other and distributes evenly.The value of mass decreases by 0.1%,the volume increases by 0.5% and the density decreases by 0.6% and the crack does not observed.The friction sensitivity changes from 8%to 0.The compression strength increases by 30% and the shear strength increases by 83%,showing that the low thermal stress doesn′t affect the impact sensitivity,stability and structure integrity of the grains.The softening migration of paraffin in grain under the low thermal stress makes the distribution uniformity,some of the initial micro-crevices of grain were repaired,which reduces the friction sensitivity of grain and increases the compression strength and shear strength.
To explore the effect of paraffin on properties of the pressed RDX-based PBX explosive containing aluminium powder under the low thermal stress,the micro-structures of the grains being heated at 55℃for 57 days were observed by scanning electron microscope,focus microscope,projection microscope and X-ray computed tomography.The volume,mass and density of the grain were measured and the vacuum stability,impact sensitivity,friction sensitivity and compressive strength and shear strength of the grain were performed.Results show that the paraffin in grain melts and connects to each other after being heated,the dispersed binder bond with each other and distributes evenly.The value of mass decreases by 0.1%,the volume increases by 0.5% and the density decreases by 0.6% and the crack does not observed.The friction sensitivity changes from 8%to 0.The compression strength increases by 30% and the shear strength increases by 83%,showing that the low thermal stress doesn′t affect the impact sensitivity,stability and structure integrity of the grains.The softening migration of paraffin in grain under the low thermal stress makes the distribution uniformity,some of the initial micro-crevices of grain were repaired,which reduces the friction sensitivity of grain and increases the compression strength and shear strength.
引文
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[2]封雪松,姚李娜,赵省向,等.不同制备工艺对含纳米铝粉炸药机械感度的影响[J].火工品,2013(2):33-35.FENG Xue-song,YAO Li-na,ZHAO Sheng-xiang,et al.Influence of preparation method on mechanical sensitivity of nanometer aluminum containing explosive[J].Initiators and Pyrotechnics,2013(2):33-35.
[3]冯博,王晓峰,田轩,等.包覆工艺对HMX基含铝炸药燃烧能量的影响[J].火炸药学报,2014,37(5):58-61.FENG Bo,WANG Xiao-feng,TIAN Xuan,et al.Effect of coating process on the combustion energy of HMXbased aluminized explosives[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants,2014,37(5):58-61.
[4]贾宪振,王晓峰,陈松,等.炸药等静压工艺安全性的数值模拟研究[J].兵工自动化,2014,33(7):65-67.JIA Xian-zhen,WANG Xiao-feng,CHEN Song,et al.Numerical study of safety of explosive isostatic pressing[J].Ordnance Industry Automation,2014,33(7):65-67.
[5]王淑萍,王晓峰,贾宪振,等.分步压装含铝炸药的成型性研究[J].兵工自动化,2013,32(9):26-27.WANG Shu-ping,WANG Xiao-feng,JIA Xian-zhen,et al.Molding property of aluminum-containing explosive for step-press-loading[J].Ordnance Industry Automation,2013,32(9):26-27.
[6]庞海燕,李明,温茂萍,等.温度对PBX炸药压制的作用[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2011,34(1):21-23.PANG Hai-yan,LI Ming,WEN Mao-ping,et a1.Mechanical effects of compaction temperature on pressing of PBX[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2011,34(1):21-23.
[7]刘瑞鹏,王世英,王淑萍.环境温度对含铝炸药装药裂纹的影响研究[J].火工品,2012(3):30-33.LIU Rui-peng,WANG Shi-ying,WANG Shu-ping.Analysis of environmental temperature on crack damage of aluminized explosive charge[J].Initiators and Pyrotechnics,2012(3):30-33.
[8]吴会民,卢芳云,卢力,等.压缩加载下三种含能材料细观破坏特征观察[J].高压物理学报.2005,19(3):213-218.WU Hui-Min,LU Fang-Yun,LU Li,et al.Microstructure fractural characteristics of energetic materials under compressive loading[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2005,19(3):213-218.
[9]赵方超,黄文明,李泽华,等.某固体云爆剂老化前后的安全性研究[J].装备环境工程,2014,11(4):112-115.ZHAO Fang-chao,HUANG Wen-ming,LI Ze-hua,et al.Security study of a SE-FAE before and after aging[J].Eauipment Environmental Engineering,2014,11(4):112-115.
[10]刘瑞鹏,王红星,王浩,等.高低温环境对不同炸药结构影响研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,31(31):274-277.LIU Rui-peng,WANG Hong-xing,WANG Hao,et al.Effect of environment temperature on different explosive structures[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,31(31):274-277.
[11]黄文斌,王亲会,王浩,等.复合钝感剂对梯黑铝炸药的钝感机理[J].火炸药学报,2009,32(2):41-43.HUANG Wen-bin,WANG Qin-hui,WANG Hao,et al.Desensitivity mechanism of composite desensitizer to THL explosive[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants,2009,32(2):41-43.