烟草杀虫剂和除草剂药害修复剂筛选试验
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摘要
【目的】筛选烟草杀虫剂和除草剂药害的修复剂。【方法】通过盆栽试验研究修复剂对烟草药害的修复效果。【结果】微量元素肥对灭多威和辛硫磷药害的修复效果较好,药后9 d,修复率分别达47.28%和54.43%;芸台素内酯和氨基酸肥对吡虫啉的修复效果较好,药后9 d,药害修复率分别达60.32%和56.77%。活性炭和生石灰对二氯喹啉酸修复效果较好,活性炭施用量80 mg/kg,药后30 d对烟草株高、叶长和叶宽修复率分别为81.44%、76.81%和89.59%,且修复效果随着施用量的增加而增加。生石灰施用量为150 mg/kg时,对二氯喹啉酸修复效果最好,但随着施用量的增加修复效果下降。活性炭和吡唑解草酯对苄嘧磺隆药害修复效果较好,吡唑解草酯施用量为4 mg/kg时,对苄嘧磺隆药害修复效果最好,随着施用量的增加修复效果下降。活性炭对苄嘧磺隆修复效果随着施用量的增加而增加。【结论】可用微量元素肥修复灭多威和辛硫磷药害,芸台素内酯和氨基酸肥修复吡虫啉药害,活性炭和生石灰修复二氯喹啉酸药害,活性炭和吡唑解草酯修复苄嘧磺隆药害。
【Objective】 The study was to screen detoxications to phytotoxicity caused by insecticides and herbicides on tobacco.【Method】The pot experiment was conducted to study the detoxication effects to tobacco photytoxicity. 【Result】 Microelement fertilizer had good repair effect to the phytotoxicity of methomyl and phoxim. The repair rates were 47.28%and 54.43%, respectively after 9 days treatment. Brassinolide and amino acid fertilizer could relieve the phototoxicity of imidacloprid. After 9 days treatment, the repair rates were 60.32% and 56.77%, respectively. Active carbon and quick lime could repair deformity of tobacco by quinclorac. When the concentration of active carbon in soil was 80 mg/kg, the repair rate of the plant height, leaf length and leaf width were 81.44%, 76.81% and 89.59% after 30 days treatment, and the repair rate increased with the increase of the concentration of active carbon in soil. Quick lime had the best detoxication effect on quinclorac when the concentration was 150 mg/kg in soil, but the repair rate decreased with the increase of the concentration of quick lime. Mefenpyr-diethyl and active carbon could relieve bensulfuron-methyl's inhibition on growth of tobacco. Active carbon and mefenpyr-diethyl had good repairing effects on bensulfuron-methyl. Mefenpyr-diethyl had the best detoxication effect on bensulfuron-methyl when its concentration was 4 mg/kg in soil. The repair effect decreased with the increase of the concentration of mefenpyr-diethyl. The detoxication effect of active carbon on bensulfuron-methyl phototoxicity increased with the increase of its concentration in soil. 【Conclusion】 Microelement fertilizer could be use to alleviate the phototoxicity of methomyl and phoxim. Brassinolide and amino acid fertilizer could relieve the imidacloprid phototoxicity on tobacco. Active carbon and quick lime could repair the tobacco phytotoxicity by quinclorac. Bensulfuron-methyl phototoxicity could be alleviated by active carbon and mefenpyr-diethyl.
【Objective】 The study was to screen detoxications to phytotoxicity caused by insecticides and herbicides on tobacco.【Method】The pot experiment was conducted to study the detoxication effects to tobacco photytoxicity. 【Result】 Microelement fertilizer had good repair effect to the phytotoxicity of methomyl and phoxim. The repair rates were 47.28%and 54.43%, respectively after 9 days treatment. Brassinolide and amino acid fertilizer could relieve the phototoxicity of imidacloprid. After 9 days treatment, the repair rates were 60.32% and 56.77%, respectively. Active carbon and quick lime could repair deformity of tobacco by quinclorac. When the concentration of active carbon in soil was 80 mg/kg, the repair rate of the plant height, leaf length and leaf width were 81.44%, 76.81% and 89.59% after 30 days treatment, and the repair rate increased with the increase of the concentration of active carbon in soil. Quick lime had the best detoxication effect on quinclorac when the concentration was 150 mg/kg in soil, but the repair rate decreased with the increase of the concentration of quick lime. Mefenpyr-diethyl and active carbon could relieve bensulfuron-methyl's inhibition on growth of tobacco. Active carbon and mefenpyr-diethyl had good repairing effects on bensulfuron-methyl. Mefenpyr-diethyl had the best detoxication effect on bensulfuron-methyl when its concentration was 4 mg/kg in soil. The repair effect decreased with the increase of the concentration of mefenpyr-diethyl. The detoxication effect of active carbon on bensulfuron-methyl phototoxicity increased with the increase of its concentration in soil. 【Conclusion】 Microelement fertilizer could be use to alleviate the phototoxicity of methomyl and phoxim. Brassinolide and amino acid fertilizer could relieve the imidacloprid phototoxicity on tobacco. Active carbon and quick lime could repair the tobacco phytotoxicity by quinclorac. Bensulfuron-methyl phototoxicity could be alleviated by active carbon and mefenpyr-diethyl.
引文
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