大兴安岭呼中林区林火蔓延三维模拟
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摘要
综合国内外林火蔓延相关研究,结合大兴安岭呼中林区的实际情况,选择Rothermel蔓延模型为林火蔓模拟模型,采用微软的Visual Studio 2010做为开发工具,Open Scene Graph 3.0作为三维渲染引擎完成一款林火蔓延模拟软件(3DVFS)的开发。采用的林火蔓延算法是计算效率比较高的最短传播时间算法。林火蔓延模拟中综合考虑风、地形、可燃物类型等因素对林火蔓延的影响。林火模拟结果表明:3DVFS可以反映森林火灾的蔓延规律,进一步完善后可能为林火行为研究工作、森林防火扑火工作等起到一定的指导作用。
After a comprehensive analysis of overseas and domestic research status of forest fire spread,selecting Rothermel model for our forest fire spread modeling under the actual situation of Huzhong forest area,using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 as development tool,Open Scene Graph3. 0 as three-dimensional rendering engine,the development of 3DVFS was completed. The algorithm used in forest fire spread simulation was minimum travel time algorithm with the feature of high efficient computation. The study took into account the influence of wind,terrain,fuel types on forest fire spread. The result shows that the software can reflect the laws of forest fire spread in some extent. So we hoped that it would provide a guide role on forest fire behavior research,forest fire prevention and suppression work.
After a comprehensive analysis of overseas and domestic research status of forest fire spread,selecting Rothermel model for our forest fire spread modeling under the actual situation of Huzhong forest area,using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 as development tool,Open Scene Graph3. 0 as three-dimensional rendering engine,the development of 3DVFS was completed. The algorithm used in forest fire spread simulation was minimum travel time algorithm with the feature of high efficient computation. The study took into account the influence of wind,terrain,fuel types on forest fire spread. The result shows that the software can reflect the laws of forest fire spread in some extent. So we hoped that it would provide a guide role on forest fire behavior research,forest fire prevention and suppression work.
引文
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[2]毛贤敏.风和地形对林火蔓延速度的作用[J].应用气象学报,1993,4(1):100-104.
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[9]陈喆,孙涛,张凌寒,等.三维元胞自动机各向异性林火蔓延快速模型[J].北京林业大学学报,2012,34(1):86-91.
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[14]叶影,齐永峰,游先祥,等.虚拟景观下林火蔓延三维可视化研究进展[J].林业调查规划,2012,37(2):53-58.
[15]赵春霞,张艳,战守义.基于粒子系统方法的三维火焰模拟[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,28(3):35-37.
[16]国志兴,钟兴春,方伟华,等.野火蔓延灾害风险评估研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(7):778-788.
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[19]吴志伟,贺红士,胡远满,等.FARSITE火行为模型的原理,结构及其应用[J].生态学杂志,2013,31(2):494-500.
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[22]单延龙,舒立福,王洪伟,等.Rothermel火蔓延模型特征参数的解析[J].森林防火,2003(1):22-25.
[23]单彦龙,李华,其其格.黑龙江大兴安岭主要树种燃烧性及理化性质的实验分析[J].火灾科学,2003,12(2):74-78.
[24]FINNEY M A.Fire growth using minimum travel time methods[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,2002,32(8):1420-1424.
[25]ANDERSON D H,CATCHPOLE E A,DE MESTRE N J,et al.Modelling the spread of grass fires[J].Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society,1982,23:451-466.
[26]CATCHPOLE E A,DE MESTRE N J,GILL A M.Intensity of fire at its perimeter[J].Australian Forest Research,1982,12.
[27]周宇飞,刘鹏举,唐小明.林火蔓延模型模拟空间精度评价研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(2):21-26.
[28]辛佳佳.基于OSG的粒子特效仿真研究[J].计算机光盘软件与应用,2011(13):65-66.
[29]刘颖,罗岱,黄心渊.基于OSG的Speedtree植物模型绘制研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2012,33(6):2406-2409.
[2]毛贤敏.风和地形对林火蔓延速度的作用[J].应用气象学报,1993,4(1):100-104.
[3]秦向东,林其钊.两类常用森林火灾蔓延模型的比较[J].自然灾害学报,2005(5):113-118.
[4]ANDERSON H E.Aids to Determining Fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior[M].National Wildfire Coordinating Group,1982.
[5]田晓瑞,舒立福,王明玉.林火增长模型及应用软件[J].世界林业研究,2012,25(1):25-29.
[6]WU ZW,HE HS,CHANG Y,et al.Development of customized fire behavior fuel models for boreal forests of Northeastern China[J].Environmental Management,2011,48(6):1148-1157.
[7]唐晓燕,孟宪宇,葛宏立,等.基于栅格结构的林火蔓延模拟研究及其实现[J].北京林业大学学报,2003,25(1):53-57.
[8]刘月文,杨宏业,王硕,等.一种基于CA的林火蔓延模型的设计与实现--以内蒙古地区为例[J].灾害学,2009,24(3):98-102.
[9]陈喆,孙涛,张凌寒,等.三维元胞自动机各向异性林火蔓延快速模型[J].北京林业大学学报,2012,34(1):86-91.
[10]黄华国,张晓丽,王蕾.基于三维曲面元胞自动机模型的林火蔓延模拟[J].北京林业大学学报,2005,27(3):94-97.
[11]王海军,张文婷,陈莹莹,等.利用元胞自动机作用域构建林火蔓延模型[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2011,36(5):575-578.
[12]杨广斌,刘鹏举,唐小明.动态数据驱动的林火蔓延模型适宜性选择[J].林业科学,2011,47(001):107-112.
[13]RODRIGUEZ R,CORTES A,MARGALEF T,et al.An adaptive system for forest fire behavior prediction[C]//Computational Science and Engineering,2008.CSE'08.11th IEEE International Conference on.IEEE,2008:275-282.
[14]叶影,齐永峰,游先祥,等.虚拟景观下林火蔓延三维可视化研究进展[J].林业调查规划,2012,37(2):53-58.
[15]赵春霞,张艳,战守义.基于粒子系统方法的三维火焰模拟[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,28(3):35-37.
[16]国志兴,钟兴春,方伟华,等.野火蔓延灾害风险评估研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(7):778-788.
[17]王锐,钱学雷.Open Scene Graph三维渲染引擎设计与实践[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[18]许列,韦群,王珏.基于OSG的三维场景管理及实时绘制技术研究与实现[J].装备指挥技术学院学报,2011,22(3):100-104.
[19]吴志伟,贺红士,胡远满,等.FARSITE火行为模型的原理,结构及其应用[J].生态学杂志,2013,31(2):494-500.
[20]ANDREWS P L.BEHAVE:fire behavior prediction and fuel modeling system-BURN subsystem,Part 1[R].1986.
[21]ROTHERMEL R C.A mathematical model for predicting fire spread in wildland fuels[M].Intermountain Forest&Range Experiment Station,Forest Service,US Department of Agriculture,1972.
[22]单延龙,舒立福,王洪伟,等.Rothermel火蔓延模型特征参数的解析[J].森林防火,2003(1):22-25.
[23]单彦龙,李华,其其格.黑龙江大兴安岭主要树种燃烧性及理化性质的实验分析[J].火灾科学,2003,12(2):74-78.
[24]FINNEY M A.Fire growth using minimum travel time methods[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,2002,32(8):1420-1424.
[25]ANDERSON D H,CATCHPOLE E A,DE MESTRE N J,et al.Modelling the spread of grass fires[J].Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society,1982,23:451-466.
[26]CATCHPOLE E A,DE MESTRE N J,GILL A M.Intensity of fire at its perimeter[J].Australian Forest Research,1982,12.
[27]周宇飞,刘鹏举,唐小明.林火蔓延模型模拟空间精度评价研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(2):21-26.
[28]辛佳佳.基于OSG的粒子特效仿真研究[J].计算机光盘软件与应用,2011(13):65-66.
[29]刘颖,罗岱,黄心渊.基于OSG的Speedtree植物模型绘制研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2012,33(6):2406-2409.