近十年中国陆地AOD时空分布及与城市化的关系研究
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摘要
选取2008—2017年MODIS(Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectrometer) Aqua C006气溶胶产品数据,分析近10年中国陆地气溶胶光学厚度(Aerosol optical depth,AOD)时间序列变化规律、空间格局分布特征,同时比较了"三区十群"区域内外的AOD变化差异.同时,通过DMSP/OLS(Defense Meteorological Satellite System/Operational Linescan System)夜间灯光产品与AOD关系研究分析,以反映城市化进程中人类活动对AOD时空分布的影响.结果表明:①中国陆地AOD多年平均、季节分布特征符合"胡焕庸线".在时间尺度上,2008—2017年中国陆地AOD年际变化范围是0.279～0.368,整体呈现下降趋势且变化幅度较小;在空间分布上,2008—2017年高值区为京津冀地区、华中地区、长三角地区、珠三角地区及塔里木盆地,低值区为青藏高原、云贵高原、内蒙古高原等;AOD时空分布呈较强的季节性,春季AOD最高,秋季最低.②中国区域的夜间灯光图与AOD时空分布具有较好的一致性,也符合"胡焕庸线".人口稠密、城市化较快的东部地区出现大片光带,快速发展的城市光斑覆盖明显.2008—2013年间,城市亮度范围有一定程度的扩大,说明人类经济生产活动增加明显.③2010—2013年省级行政区的DMSP/OLS夜间灯光与其AOD表现为显著正相关,二者幂函数拟合度R~2分别为0.8036、0.8263、0.7701、0.8277、0.8331.DMSP/OLS夜间灯光与AOD呈显著正相关,说明城市化发展水平对气溶胶分布的影响作用显著.
Urbanization has been the major cause of increasing aerosol in the environment. Aerosol had great influence on human health and ecological environment, and aerosol optical depth(AOD) was a key indicator of aerosol. In this paper, the impact of urbanization on AOD in China during January 2008 to December 2017 is studied using MODIS AOD(MYD03_M3 remote sensing images) data and DMSP/OLS night-time light data. And the differences of AOD concentration inside and outside the area of "three districts and ten groups" were especially compared.The results showed that, the overall spatial characteristics of AOD in China exhibited a significant difference on the two sides of "Hu Line". High AOD values can be found in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Central China, while the western region(except the Tarim Basin) has much lower AOD values. During 2008—2017, the average annual AOD value in China was 0.332, while in spring, summer autumn and winter, the average annual AOD value were 0.434, 0.344, 0.248, 0.304, respectively. During 2008—2012, the growth rate of AOD in China was-0.033, while it changes to-0.149 during 2013—2017. The AOD growth rate in spring and winter were-0.318,-0.130, respectively, and the fall was larger in spring. The spatial-temporal characteristics of night-time light in China′s land also conformed to the "Hu Line", and it was roughly the same as the spatial-temporal characteristics of AOD. In the year of 2008—2013, the eastern coast of China was much brightly than the western interior, and densely populated provinces and cities increased significantly, and the range of brightness increased to a great extent, showing the process of urbanization in China. The AOD values and nighttime light data were highly correlated, and the statistical relationship between them was found by the least square method. The power function′s R~2 value were 0.8036, 0.8263, 0.7701, 0.8277 and 0.8331 respectively. The process of urbanization had a significant impact on the spatio-temporal characteristics of AOD, which caused the complexity of the aerosol and atmosphere environment.
Urbanization has been the major cause of increasing aerosol in the environment. Aerosol had great influence on human health and ecological environment, and aerosol optical depth(AOD) was a key indicator of aerosol. In this paper, the impact of urbanization on AOD in China during January 2008 to December 2017 is studied using MODIS AOD(MYD03_M3 remote sensing images) data and DMSP/OLS night-time light data. And the differences of AOD concentration inside and outside the area of "three districts and ten groups" were especially compared.The results showed that, the overall spatial characteristics of AOD in China exhibited a significant difference on the two sides of "Hu Line". High AOD values can be found in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Central China, while the western region(except the Tarim Basin) has much lower AOD values. During 2008—2017, the average annual AOD value in China was 0.332, while in spring, summer autumn and winter, the average annual AOD value were 0.434, 0.344, 0.248, 0.304, respectively. During 2008—2012, the growth rate of AOD in China was-0.033, while it changes to-0.149 during 2013—2017. The AOD growth rate in spring and winter were-0.318,-0.130, respectively, and the fall was larger in spring. The spatial-temporal characteristics of night-time light in China′s land also conformed to the "Hu Line", and it was roughly the same as the spatial-temporal characteristics of AOD. In the year of 2008—2013, the eastern coast of China was much brightly than the western interior, and densely populated provinces and cities increased significantly, and the range of brightness increased to a great extent, showing the process of urbanization in China. The AOD values and nighttime light data were highly correlated, and the statistical relationship between them was found by the least square method. The power function′s R~2 value were 0.8036, 0.8263, 0.7701, 0.8277 and 0.8331 respectively. The process of urbanization had a significant impact on the spatio-temporal characteristics of AOD, which caused the complexity of the aerosol and atmosphere environment.
引文
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韦晶,孙林,刘双双,等.2015.大气颗粒物污染对土地覆盖变化的响应[J].生态学报,35(16):5495-5506
肖志祥,段安民.2015.孟加拉湾热带风暴对青藏高原降水和土壤湿度的影响[J].中国科学:地球科学,45:625-638
Xin J,Wang Y,Pan Y,et al.2015.The campaign on atmospheric aerosol research network of China:CARE-China[J].Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,96(7):1137-1155
Yu H,Chin M,Remer L A,et al.2009.Variability of marine aerosol fine-mode fraction and estimates of anthropogenic aerosol component over cloud-free oceans from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,114,DOI:10.1029/2008JD010648
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张磊,江洪,陈诚,等.2017.广东省MODIS气溶胶光学厚度时空分布及其影响因素[J].地理空间信息,15(1):46-49
张西雅,扈海波.2017.京津冀地区气溶胶时空分布及与城市化关系的研究[J].大气科学,41(4):797-810
郑小波,罗宇翔,赵天良,等.2012.中国气溶胶分布的地理学和气候学特征[J].地理科学,32(3):265-272
郑玫,闫才青,李小滢,等.2014.二次有机气溶胶估算方法研究进展[J].中国环境科学,34(3):555-564
张喆,丁建丽,王瑾杰.2017.中亚沙尘气溶胶时空分布特征及潜在扩散特性分析[J].地理学报,72(3):507-520
Anderson T L,Charlson R J,Schwartz S E,et al.2003.Climate forcing by aerosols:A hazy picture[J].Science,300(5622):1103-1104
陈明星,李扬,龚颖华,等.2016.胡焕庸线两侧的人口分布与城镇化格局趋势—尝试回答李克强总理之问[J].地理学报,71(2):179-193
De Meij A,Pozzer A,Lelieveld J.2010.Global and regional trends in aerosol optical depth based on remote sensing products and pollutant emission estimates between 2000 and 2009[J].Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions,10(12):30731-30776
方创琳,任宇飞.2017.京津冀城市群地区城镇化与生态环境近远程耦合能值代谢效率及环境压力分析[J].中国科学:地球科学,47(7):93-106
高江波,黄姣,李双成,等.2010.中国自然地理区划研究的新进展与发展趋势[J].地理科学进展,29(11):1400-1407
Hu R M,Sokhi R S,Fisher B E A.2009.New algorithms and their application for satellite remote sensing of surface PM2.5 and aerosol absorption[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,40(5):394-402
Kaufman Y J,Tanre D,Boucher O.2002.A satellite view of aerosols in the climate system[J].Nature,419(6903):215-223
Li B G,Yuan H S,Nan F.2009.Comparing MODIS and AERONET aerosol optical depth over China[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,30(24):6519-6529
李德仁,李熙.2015a.论夜光遥感数据挖掘[J].测绘学报,44(6):591-601
李德仁,李熙.2015b.夜光遥感技术在评估经济社会发展中的应用—兼论其对“一带一路”建设质量的保障[J].宏观质量研究,3(4):1-8
李佳洺,陆大道,徐成东,等.2017.胡焕庸线两侧人口的空间分异性及其变化[J].地理学报,72(1):148-160
Li X,Zhang C,Li W.Evaluating the use of DMSP/OLS nighttime light imagery in predicting PM2.5 concentrations in the Northeastern United States[J].Remote Sensing,9(6):620
Liu C M,Liu X M,Zheng H X,et al.2017.Change of the solar radiation and its causes in the Haihe River Basin and surrounding areas[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,20(4):569-580
Li Z,Zhao X,Kahn R,et al.2009.Uncertainties in satellite remote sensing of aerosols and impact on monitoring its long-term trend:A review and perspective[J].Annales Geophysicae,27(11):2755-2770
刘秀位,张小雨,张喜英.2016.大气气溶胶增加对作物的影响研究进展[J].生态学报,36(7):2084-2090
Peng H,Weiguo J,Cao G Z.2012.Aerosol retrieval with satellite image and correlation analyses between aerosol distribution and urban underlying surface[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,33(10):3232-3251
Prosch T,Hennings D,Raschke E.1982.Imaging polarimetry for the remote sensing of the aerosol content of the atmosphere[J].Kleinheubacher Berichte,25:223-229
齐月,房世波,周文佐.2014.近50年来中国地面太阳辐射变化及其空间分布[J].生态学报,34(24):7444-7453
Tan L,Zhou Y,Bai L.2017.Human activities along southwest border of China:Findings based on DMSP/OLS nighttime light data[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,31(5):75-90
Thalman R,De Sá S S,Palm B B,et al.2017.CCN activity and organic hygroscopicity of aerosols downwind of an urban region in central Amazonia:seasonal and diel variations and impact of anthropogenic emissions[J].Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics,17(19):1-60
吴国雄,李占清,符淙斌,等.2015.气溶胶与东亚季风相互影响的研究进展[J].中国科学:地球科学,45(11):1609-1627
Wu J,Ma L,Li W.2017.Dynamics of urban density in China:Estimations based on DMSP/OLS nighttime light data[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations & Remote Sensing,7(10):4266-4275
韦晶,孙林,刘双双,等.2015.大气颗粒物污染对土地覆盖变化的响应[J].生态学报,35(16):5495-5506
肖志祥,段安民.2015.孟加拉湾热带风暴对青藏高原降水和土壤湿度的影响[J].中国科学:地球科学,45:625-638
Xin J,Wang Y,Pan Y,et al.2015.The campaign on atmospheric aerosol research network of China:CARE-China[J].Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,96(7):1137-1155
Yu H,Chin M,Remer L A,et al.2009.Variability of marine aerosol fine-mode fraction and estimates of anthropogenic aerosol component over cloud-free oceans from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,114,DOI:10.1029/2008JD010648
Yu L,Jin M,Huang J P.2013.Spatial and temporal distribution of MODIS and MISR aerosol optical depth over northern China and comparison with AERONET[J].Science Bulletin,58(20):2497-2506
张宸赫,赵天良,王富,等.2017.2003—2014年东北三省气溶胶光学厚度变化分析[J].环境科学,38(2):476-484
张磊,江洪,陈诚,等.2017.广东省MODIS气溶胶光学厚度时空分布及其影响因素[J].地理空间信息,15(1):46-49
张西雅,扈海波.2017.京津冀地区气溶胶时空分布及与城市化关系的研究[J].大气科学,41(4):797-810
郑小波,罗宇翔,赵天良,等.2012.中国气溶胶分布的地理学和气候学特征[J].地理科学,32(3):265-272
郑玫,闫才青,李小滢,等.2014.二次有机气溶胶估算方法研究进展[J].中国环境科学,34(3):555-564
张喆,丁建丽,王瑾杰.2017.中亚沙尘气溶胶时空分布特征及潜在扩散特性分析[J].地理学报,72(3):507-520