黄海五类典型海产食品中~(210)Po水平
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摘要
对我国黄海海域典型水产品中~(210)Po的水平进行了调查研究。2016年在山东荣成和江苏连云港两个重要渔产区采样,用"三酸湿灰化法"、银片自沉积和半导体α谱仪分析测量了5大类22种典型可食用海产品中~(210)Po水平,探测下限为2.2×10~(-2) Bq/kg(鲜)。结果显示:不同海产品可食用部分中~(210)Po比活度范围为1.17×10~(-1)~6.58×10Bq/kg(鲜),总体上看贝类普遍高于15Bq/kg(鲜),其次是甲壳类均值为13.2Bq/kg(鲜);头足类、鱼类不同物种之间存在较大差异,但一般低于10Bq/kg(鲜);不同采集地海产品中~(210)Po水平存在明显差异。2016年秋季黄海各类海产品中~(210)Po水平(除头足类)高于UNSCEAR 2000年报告建议的全球代表性水平约1倍。与1977—1978年海产食品~(210)Po水平调查结果相比,本次调查~(210)Po水平总体略低。
This paper focuses on the ~(210)Po level of typical aquatic products in China.In 2016,aquatic samples were collected in two of the most important fishery area along the Yellow Sea coastal,Rongcheng of Shandong province and Lianyungang of Jiangsu province.~(210)Po in 22 typical seafood species of 5 categories were analyzed and measured by the method of acid wet ashing and PIPS alpha spectrometer,whose detection limit was 2.2×10~(-2) Bq/kg fresh weight.The results show that ~(210)Po level of the various seafood edible part ranges 1.17×10~(-1)-6.58×10 Bq/kg fresh weight,generally the highest for shellfish and followed by crustaceans,whereas there are big differences between specific species of cephalopods,fish and algae,generally less than 10 Bq/kg fresh weight.There is a certain difference of the ~(210)Polevel in the samples from different sites,as Rongcheng indicates higher than that in Lianyungang.The ~(210)Po concentrations in all kinds of seafood(except cephalopods)from the Yellow Sea in 2016 autumn are one time higher than those of global representative concentrations reported by UNSCEAR 2000.Compared with the results of seafood radionuclides survey in 1977-1978,~(210)Po level in the Yellow Sea seafood samples is somewhat lower in this investigation.
This paper focuses on the ~(210)Po level of typical aquatic products in China.In 2016,aquatic samples were collected in two of the most important fishery area along the Yellow Sea coastal,Rongcheng of Shandong province and Lianyungang of Jiangsu province.~(210)Po in 22 typical seafood species of 5 categories were analyzed and measured by the method of acid wet ashing and PIPS alpha spectrometer,whose detection limit was 2.2×10~(-2) Bq/kg fresh weight.The results show that ~(210)Po level of the various seafood edible part ranges 1.17×10~(-1)-6.58×10 Bq/kg fresh weight,generally the highest for shellfish and followed by crustaceans,whereas there are big differences between specific species of cephalopods,fish and algae,generally less than 10 Bq/kg fresh weight.There is a certain difference of the ~(210)Polevel in the samples from different sites,as Rongcheng indicates higher than that in Lianyungang.The ~(210)Po concentrations in all kinds of seafood(except cephalopods)from the Yellow Sea in 2016 autumn are one time higher than those of global representative concentrations reported by UNSCEAR 2000.Compared with the results of seafood radionuclides survey in 1977-1978,~(210)Po level in the Yellow Sea seafood samples is somewhat lower in this investigation.
引文
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[2]潘自强,刘森林,马吉增,等.中国辐射水平[M].北京:原子能出版社,2010.
[3]海产食品放射性调查编辑组.海产食品放射性调查[G].北京:原子能出版社,1983.
[4]张景源,诸洪达,主编.中国食品放射性核素及所致内剂量[G].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.
[5]朱昌寿,刘玉兰,徐宁,等.中国食品和水中天然放射性核素水平及其对居民所致内照射剂量[M].北京:原子能出版社,1991.
[6]诸洪达,王守亮,孟玮,等.我国膳食中90Sr、137 Cs、226 Ra、228 Ra、210Pb和210Po含量及其所致内照射剂量[J].辐射防护,1993,13(2):85-92.
[7]Jia G,Belli M,Blasi M,et al.210Pb and 210Po determination in environmental samples[J].Appl Radiat Isotopes,2000,53(1-2):115-120.
[8]Matthews K,Kim C K,Martin P.Determination of Po-210in environmental materials:a review of analytical methodology[J].Appl Radiat Isotopes,2006(65):267-279.
[9]Cherry M I,Cherry R D,Heyraud M.Polonium-210and lead-210in Antarctic marine biota and sea water[J].Marine Biology,1987,96(3):441-449.
[10]王保栋,刘峰,战闰.黄海生源要素的生物地球化学研究评述[J].黄渤海海洋,2001,19(2):99-106.
[11]陈新军.渔业资源与渔场学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2014.
[12]中华人民共和国农业部渔业渔政管理局.2015中国渔业年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015.
[13]中华人民共和国农业部渔业渔政管理局.2015中国渔业统计年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015.
[14]中华人民共和国环境保护部.HJ 813-2016水中钋-210的分析方法[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2016.
[15]Fowler S W.210Po in the marine environment with emphasis on its behaviour within the biosphere[J].J Environ Radioact,2011,102(5):448-461.