油漆涂饰刨花板苯系物分析及健康风险评价
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摘要
以PU漆、水性漆涂饰的薄木贴面刨花板和刨花板素板3种板材为研究对象,使用GC-MS对板材释放的苯系物进行检测,分析苯系物的浓度水平、组成特征和变化规律,并依据美国环保署的健康风险模型对两种(康风险模型对两种)油漆涂饰的板材释放的BTEX(苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯)和苯乙烯的人体健康风险进行评价。结果表明:PU漆饰刨花板释放的15种苯系物总质量浓度为125.18μg·m~(-3),其中BTEX质量浓度为45.27μg·m~(-3),约占总质量浓度的36.16%,BTEX和苯乙烯对人体的非致癌风险商值在2.51E-04至5.35E-01,危害指数为5.90E-01,对暴露人群尚无明显非致癌风险,苯的致癌风险值为1.25E-04,超过致癌风险值上限,对暴露人群具有显著的致癌风险。水性漆饰刨花板释放的12种苯系物总质量浓度为58.8μg·m~(-3),其中BTEX质量浓度为38.16μg·m~(-3),约占总质量浓度的64.81%,BTEX和苯乙烯对人体的非致癌风险商值在3.53E-03至4.29E-01,危害指数为4.80E-01,对暴露人群无明显非致癌风险,苯的致癌风险值为1E-04,达致癌风险值上限,对暴露人群具有显著的致癌风险。因此,应提高对室内漆饰板式家具苯系物致癌风险的监控与评估。
Two kinds of paint lacquered veneer decorating particleboard and normal particleboard were used as the research object. The benzene series released from the lacquered board was detected by GC-MS. The concentration level, composition characteristics and change characteristics of benzene series were studied, and the health risk in accordance with documents of the environmental protection agency, US was analyzed. The model evaluates the human health risks of BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene) and styrene released from two kinds of paint lacquered particalboard. The results showed that the total concentration of 15 benzene series released from PU lacquer particleboard was 125.18 μg·m-3, and the mass concentration of BTEX was 45.27 μg·m~(-3), accounting for 36.16% of the total mass concentration. BTEX and styrene has non-carcinogenic risk for human body. The non-carcinogenic risk value is 2.51 E-04 to5.35 E-01, the hazard index is 5.90 E-01, there is no obvious non-carcinogenic risk to the exposed population, and the carcinogenic risk value of benzene is 1.25 E-04, which exceeds the upper limit of carcinogenic risk. It has a significant cancer risk to exposed populations.The total concentration of 12 benzene series released from water-based paint particleboard was 58.8 μg·m~(-3), and the mass concentration of BTEX was 38.16 μg·m~(-3), accounting for 64.81% of the total mass concentration. BTEX and styrene has non-carcinogenic risk for human body. The non-carcinogenic risk value is between 3.53 E-03 and 4.29 E-01, and the hazard index is 4.80 E-01. There is no obvious non-carcinogenic risk to the exposed population. The carcinogenic risk value of benzene is 1 E-04, which reaches the upper limit of carcinogenic risk. It has a significant cancer risk to exposed populations. The monitoring and evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of benzene series in indoor lacquered plate-type furniture should be improved.
Two kinds of paint lacquered veneer decorating particleboard and normal particleboard were used as the research object. The benzene series released from the lacquered board was detected by GC-MS. The concentration level, composition characteristics and change characteristics of benzene series were studied, and the health risk in accordance with documents of the environmental protection agency, US was analyzed. The model evaluates the human health risks of BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene) and styrene released from two kinds of paint lacquered particalboard. The results showed that the total concentration of 15 benzene series released from PU lacquer particleboard was 125.18 μg·m-3, and the mass concentration of BTEX was 45.27 μg·m~(-3), accounting for 36.16% of the total mass concentration. BTEX and styrene has non-carcinogenic risk for human body. The non-carcinogenic risk value is 2.51 E-04 to5.35 E-01, the hazard index is 5.90 E-01, there is no obvious non-carcinogenic risk to the exposed population, and the carcinogenic risk value of benzene is 1.25 E-04, which exceeds the upper limit of carcinogenic risk. It has a significant cancer risk to exposed populations.The total concentration of 12 benzene series released from water-based paint particleboard was 58.8 μg·m~(-3), and the mass concentration of BTEX was 38.16 μg·m~(-3), accounting for 64.81% of the total mass concentration. BTEX and styrene has non-carcinogenic risk for human body. The non-carcinogenic risk value is between 3.53 E-03 and 4.29 E-01, and the hazard index is 4.80 E-01. There is no obvious non-carcinogenic risk to the exposed population. The carcinogenic risk value of benzene is 1 E-04, which reaches the upper limit of carcinogenic risk. It has a significant cancer risk to exposed populations. The monitoring and evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of benzene series in indoor lacquered plate-type furniture should be improved.
引文
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[2]钟岩.顶空/气相色谱-质谱法测定固废浸出液中苯系物[J].干旱环境监测,2016,30(2):58-61.
[3]戴继勇,陶学明,张士胜,等.国内外油漆涂料中苯系物安全限量标准的研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2012,31(8):73-76.
[4]李忠文,闫文德,郑威,等.不同浓度PAHs对4种绿化树种光合特性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(8):129-136.
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[6]STACHOWIAK-WENCEK A,PRAZYNSKI W.Emission of Voltile Organic Compounds From Furniture Surface Finished With Lacquer Coatings[J].CTA Sci.Pol,2005,4(2):177-185.
[7]王冬云,时真男,崔山威.涂料中挥发性有机化合物释放模拟试验研究[J].河北建筑科技学院学报,2005,22(1):4-6.
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[10]邵亚丽,沈隽,邓富介,等.表面涂饰对杨木强化材TVOC释放影响的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):114-121.
[11]AFSHARI A,LUNDGREN B,EKBERG L E.Comparison of three small chamber test methods for the measurement of VOCemission rates from paint[J].Indoor Air,2003(13):156-165.
[12]杜超,沈隽.快速法检测中密度纤维板挥发性有机化合物的释放[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(10):115-117,131.
[13]曹田雨,沈隽,刘婉君,等.环境条件对DL-SW微舱检测人造板VOCs释放的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(2):72-76.
[14]赵杨,沈隽,崔晓磊.3层实木复合地板VOC释放及快速检测[J].林业科学,2015,51(2):99-104.
[15]杜超,沈隽.人造板VOCs快速检测法与气候箱法的对比[J].林业科学,2015,51(3):109-115.
[16]GB/T18883-2002,国室内空气质量标准[S].
[17]冯焕银,傅晓钦,张倩,等.宁波市郊农业土壤中持久性毒害污染物的残留现状及健康风险评估[J].现代科学仪器,2012(4):128-133.
[18]李雷,李红,王学中,等.广州市中心城区环境空气中挥发性有机物的污染特征与健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2013,34(12):4558-4564.
[19]US EPA.Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I:Human Health Evaluation Manual(Part F,Supplemental Guidance for Inhalation risk Assessment)[R].Washington D C:Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation Environmental Protection Agency,2009.
[2]钟岩.顶空/气相色谱-质谱法测定固废浸出液中苯系物[J].干旱环境监测,2016,30(2):58-61.
[3]戴继勇,陶学明,张士胜,等.国内外油漆涂料中苯系物安全限量标准的研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2012,31(8):73-76.
[4]李忠文,闫文德,郑威,等.不同浓度PAHs对4种绿化树种光合特性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(8):129-136.
[5]庄晓虹.室内空气污染分析及典型污染物的释放规律研究[D].哈尔滨:东北大学,2010.
[6]STACHOWIAK-WENCEK A,PRAZYNSKI W.Emission of Voltile Organic Compounds From Furniture Surface Finished With Lacquer Coatings[J].CTA Sci.Pol,2005,4(2):177-185.
[7]王冬云,时真男,崔山威.涂料中挥发性有机化合物释放模拟试验研究[J].河北建筑科技学院学报,2005,22(1):4-6.
[8]Committee on the Institutional Means for Assessment of Risks to Public Health,National Research Council(US).Risk Assessment in the Federal Government:Managing the Process[R].Washington,DC:National Academy Press,1983.
[9]许川.邻苯二甲酸酯类和多环芳烃类代表物质联合雌性生殖毒性与健康风险评价研究[D].重庆:第三军医大学,2009.
[10]邵亚丽,沈隽,邓富介,等.表面涂饰对杨木强化材TVOC释放影响的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):114-121.
[11]AFSHARI A,LUNDGREN B,EKBERG L E.Comparison of three small chamber test methods for the measurement of VOCemission rates from paint[J].Indoor Air,2003(13):156-165.
[12]杜超,沈隽.快速法检测中密度纤维板挥发性有机化合物的释放[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(10):115-117,131.
[13]曹田雨,沈隽,刘婉君,等.环境条件对DL-SW微舱检测人造板VOCs释放的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(2):72-76.
[14]赵杨,沈隽,崔晓磊.3层实木复合地板VOC释放及快速检测[J].林业科学,2015,51(2):99-104.
[15]杜超,沈隽.人造板VOCs快速检测法与气候箱法的对比[J].林业科学,2015,51(3):109-115.
[16]GB/T18883-2002,国室内空气质量标准[S].
[17]冯焕银,傅晓钦,张倩,等.宁波市郊农业土壤中持久性毒害污染物的残留现状及健康风险评估[J].现代科学仪器,2012(4):128-133.
[18]李雷,李红,王学中,等.广州市中心城区环境空气中挥发性有机物的污染特征与健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2013,34(12):4558-4564.
[19]US EPA.Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I:Human Health Evaluation Manual(Part F,Supplemental Guidance for Inhalation risk Assessment)[R].Washington D C:Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation Environmental Protection Agency,2009.