呼伦贝尔市湿地野生种子植物区系
|
摘要
湿地植物区系研究是湿地生态保护和恢复的基础,为了深入认识呼伦贝尔市湿地及其生物多样性,分别于2012年和2013年的7~8月,对呼伦贝尔市(47°5′N~53°20′N,115°31′E~126°4′E)主要湿地进行了野外调查。根据调查数据及相关资料,分析了该区的湿地种子植物区系特征。记录了野生种子植物352种5亚种17变种,隶属于65科198属,以多年生草本植物为主。物种较为丰富的科有菊科、禾本科、蔷薇科、毛茛科、豆科和莎草科等,物种丰富的属有柳属(Salix)、蓼属(Polygonum)、薹草属(Carex)和眼子菜属(Potamogeton)等。该区植物区系种的地理成分复杂,包含19个分布区类型20个亚型,温带特征明显,兼具亚寒带-寒带性质,与世界植物区系有普遍的地理联系,尤其与西伯利亚的联系非常密切,包含少量热带成分种,热带亲缘性不明显。
Obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the Flora of the wetlands is the foundation of the conservation and restoration of the wetland ecosystem. In order to obtain a further understanding of the biodiversity of the wetlands in Hulunbuir City, the field surveys about the major wetlands in Hulunbeir City which covers the range from 47°5′N to 53°20′N and from 115°31′E to 126°4′E was conducted from July to August in2012 and 2013, respectively, and the floristic characteristics of seed plants in the area were analyzed based on the survey data and relevant reference. There were 352 species, 5 subspecies and 17 varieties belonging to 198 genera and 65 families within the range of the wetlands in Hulunbuir City, most of which were perennial herbs. The dominant families were Compositae, Gramineae, Rosaceae, Ranunculacea, Leguminoseae and Cyperaceae and the dominant genera were Salix, Polygonum, Carex and Potamogeton. This region exhibited complicated floristic geographical components including 19 types and 20 subtypes. It was characterized with significant temperate features and some subfrigid-frigid, it has widely geographically correlation general with the world flora, especially closely correlated with the flora of Siberia. And some included few species of tropical zone, but the tropical affinity was not obvious.
Obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the Flora of the wetlands is the foundation of the conservation and restoration of the wetland ecosystem. In order to obtain a further understanding of the biodiversity of the wetlands in Hulunbuir City, the field surveys about the major wetlands in Hulunbeir City which covers the range from 47°5′N to 53°20′N and from 115°31′E to 126°4′E was conducted from July to August in2012 and 2013, respectively, and the floristic characteristics of seed plants in the area were analyzed based on the survey data and relevant reference. There were 352 species, 5 subspecies and 17 varieties belonging to 198 genera and 65 families within the range of the wetlands in Hulunbuir City, most of which were perennial herbs. The dominant families were Compositae, Gramineae, Rosaceae, Ranunculacea, Leguminoseae and Cyperaceae and the dominant genera were Salix, Polygonum, Carex and Potamogeton. This region exhibited complicated floristic geographical components including 19 types and 20 subtypes. It was characterized with significant temperate features and some subfrigid-frigid, it has widely geographically correlation general with the world flora, especially closely correlated with the flora of Siberia. And some included few species of tropical zone, but the tropical affinity was not obvious.
引文
[1]Mitsch W J,Gosslink J G.Wetlands[M].3 ed.New York:John Wiley and Sons Press,2000.
[2]王荷生.植物区系地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[3]汤庚国,李湘萍,谢继步,等.江苏湿地植物的区系特征及其保护与利用[J].南京林业大学学报,1997,211(4):47~52.
[4]王伟,陆健健.上海地区湿地水生维管束植物及其区系特征[J].湿地科学,2004,22(3):171~175.
[5]王辰,刘全儒.北京湿地维管植物区系研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2004,2222(5):406~411.
[6]张绪良,谷东起,叶思源,等.荣成大天鹅自然保护区泻湖湿地植物区系[J].生态学杂志,2009,288(6):1 073~1 080.
[7]梁士楚.广西湿地植物[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[8]刘波,佟守正,吕宪国.东北地区湿地野生种子植物区系[J].生态学杂志,2012,3131(7):1 646~1 652.
[9]杨文斌,刘坤,周守标.安徽新安江干流滩涂湿地草本植物区系及物种多样性[J].生态学报,2013,3333(5):1 433~1 442.
[10]何飞,刘世荣,刘兴良,等.川西水生维管束植物区系地理及生态类型[J].湿地科学,2011,99(1):33~41.
[11]张桂宾,宋松岩.河南省湿地植被特征种植物区系研究[J].湿地科学,2012,1010(4):474~480.
[12]王璐,鹿宝莲,田晓波,等.山西省自然保护区中的湿地种子植物区系组成特征[J].湿地科学,2014,1212(3):299~305.
[13]刘兴土.东北湿地[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[14]刘显芝,胡克霞,葛秀成,等.呼伦贝尔植物区系组成及植被特征[J].草业学报,1994,33(4):32~40.
[15]中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队.内蒙古植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.
[16]周以良.中国东北植被地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.
[17]李全基.内蒙古湿地[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[18]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1977~1985.
[19]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志[M].2版.呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1989~1998.
[20]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所.东北草本植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1998~2005.
[21]王银,刘英俊.呼伦贝尔植物检索表[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1993.
[22]吴征镒,孙航,周浙昆,等.中国种子植物区系地理[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[23]傅沛云.中国东北部种子植物种的分布区类型[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2003.
[24]侯宽昭.中国种子植物科属词典[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.
[2]王荷生.植物区系地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[3]汤庚国,李湘萍,谢继步,等.江苏湿地植物的区系特征及其保护与利用[J].南京林业大学学报,1997,211(4):47~52.
[4]王伟,陆健健.上海地区湿地水生维管束植物及其区系特征[J].湿地科学,2004,22(3):171~175.
[5]王辰,刘全儒.北京湿地维管植物区系研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2004,2222(5):406~411.
[6]张绪良,谷东起,叶思源,等.荣成大天鹅自然保护区泻湖湿地植物区系[J].生态学杂志,2009,288(6):1 073~1 080.
[7]梁士楚.广西湿地植物[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[8]刘波,佟守正,吕宪国.东北地区湿地野生种子植物区系[J].生态学杂志,2012,3131(7):1 646~1 652.
[9]杨文斌,刘坤,周守标.安徽新安江干流滩涂湿地草本植物区系及物种多样性[J].生态学报,2013,3333(5):1 433~1 442.
[10]何飞,刘世荣,刘兴良,等.川西水生维管束植物区系地理及生态类型[J].湿地科学,2011,99(1):33~41.
[11]张桂宾,宋松岩.河南省湿地植被特征种植物区系研究[J].湿地科学,2012,1010(4):474~480.
[12]王璐,鹿宝莲,田晓波,等.山西省自然保护区中的湿地种子植物区系组成特征[J].湿地科学,2014,1212(3):299~305.
[13]刘兴土.东北湿地[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[14]刘显芝,胡克霞,葛秀成,等.呼伦贝尔植物区系组成及植被特征[J].草业学报,1994,33(4):32~40.
[15]中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队.内蒙古植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.
[16]周以良.中国东北植被地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.
[17]李全基.内蒙古湿地[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[18]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1977~1985.
[19]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志[M].2版.呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1989~1998.
[20]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所.东北草本植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1998~2005.
[21]王银,刘英俊.呼伦贝尔植物检索表[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1993.
[22]吴征镒,孙航,周浙昆,等.中国种子植物区系地理[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[23]傅沛云.中国东北部种子植物种的分布区类型[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2003.
[24]侯宽昭.中国种子植物科属词典[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.