呼伦贝尔草原沙化治理封育工程生态效益评价
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摘要
选择了呼伦贝尔不同年份的10个草原沙化治理封育工程进行实证研究,地面调查和遥感解译相结合,运用生态效益评价体系进行评价,评价结果为:1999-2005年封育工程生态效益优,2006年封育工程生态效益良,2007、2008年封育工程生态效益一般。工程实施后植被盖度、地上生物量、草层高度、植物种数和土壤有机质含量均有明显增加,一年生植物比例减少。流动沙地比例大幅降低,固定沙地比例大幅度增加。工程区内的植被盖度、生物量、草层高度和植物种数均高于工程区外,一年生植物比例较区外低。工程区内的流动沙地基本被固定,植被盖度有了很大提高,达到了预期的治理效果。
Chosen ten grassland desertification control projects in different years in Hulunbeier as research objects,combined with ground survey and remote sensing interpretation,the ecological benefits have been evaluated. The results show that the ecological benefit of enclosure engineering from 1999 to 2005 was better,the one of 2006 were good and the one of 2007 and 2008 was common. After the establishment of the enclosure engineering,vegetation coverage,aboveground biomass,turf height,vegetation species and the organic matter content have increased obviously,and the proportion of annual plant has decreased. The proportion of moving sandy land has significantly reduced,the one of fixed sandy land has increased. The vegetation coverage,biomass,turf height and vegetation species inside the engineering area were higher than the ones outside the engineering area,and the proportion of annual plant inside the engineering area was lower than the one outside the engineering area. The moving sandy lands inside the engineering area have been basically fixed,the vegetation coverage has increased obviously,which has achieved the expected control results.
Chosen ten grassland desertification control projects in different years in Hulunbeier as research objects,combined with ground survey and remote sensing interpretation,the ecological benefits have been evaluated. The results show that the ecological benefit of enclosure engineering from 1999 to 2005 was better,the one of 2006 were good and the one of 2007 and 2008 was common. After the establishment of the enclosure engineering,vegetation coverage,aboveground biomass,turf height,vegetation species and the organic matter content have increased obviously,and the proportion of annual plant has decreased. The proportion of moving sandy land has significantly reduced,the one of fixed sandy land has increased. The vegetation coverage,biomass,turf height and vegetation species inside the engineering area were higher than the ones outside the engineering area,and the proportion of annual plant inside the engineering area was lower than the one outside the engineering area. The moving sandy lands inside the engineering area have been basically fixed,the vegetation coverage has increased obviously,which has achieved the expected control results.
引文
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[2]董永平,吴新宏,戎郁萍.草原遥感监测技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[3]刘黎明,谢花林,赵英伟.我国草地资源可持续利用评价指标体系的研究[J].中国土地科学,2001,15(4):43-46.
[4]姚国征.基于TM影像的镶黄旗草原沙化治理工程生态效益评价指标体系与评价方法研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学,2008.
[5]杨元合,饶胜,胡会峰,等.青藏高原高寒草地植物物种丰富度及其与环境因子和生物量的关系[J].生物多样性,2004,12(1):200-205.
[6]李绍良,陈有君,关世英,等.土壤退化与草地退化关系的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2002,16(l):92-95.
[7]北京林业大学主编.土壤学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.