公路生态恢复效果评估研究——以荣乌高速烟威段为例
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摘要
基于目前缺乏针对公路生态恢复工程的生态功能性评价框架的问题,以人工重建植被的景观效果以及生态系统服务功能属性为研究重点,构建一套有针对性的公路生态恢复效果评估体系,并以荣乌高速烟威段生态恢复工程为例,综合评估该路段具体生态恢复对象生态恢复效果。研究发现,该路段生态恢复工程在改善植被群落系统和景观生态系统方面具有优势性,但在短期内改善生态系统服务功能方面存在一定的问题。因此在公路建设过程中,应尽量避免对大型复杂生态系统产生强烈的扰动,才能在真正意义上实现"生态型公路"目标。
Based on the status of lacking ecological functional evaluation framework in the current highway ecological restoration project,this research build a completed and targeted highway ecological restoration system by studying landscape ecological system landscape effect level and ecosystem service function level in ecological restoration system.According to the ecological restoration projects and the evaluation system,the effect of ecological restoration project of Rongwu Section of Rongwu Expressway was comprehensively evaluated.It is found that the ecological restoration project in this section has some advantages in vegetation community system and landscape ecosystem improvement,but some problems in improving the ecosystem service function still exist.Therefore,the effective measures should be adopted,in order to avoid the strong disturbance on the large complex ecosystem in the future construction process to achieve"eco road"literally.
Based on the status of lacking ecological functional evaluation framework in the current highway ecological restoration project,this research build a completed and targeted highway ecological restoration system by studying landscape ecological system landscape effect level and ecosystem service function level in ecological restoration system.According to the ecological restoration projects and the evaluation system,the effect of ecological restoration project of Rongwu Section of Rongwu Expressway was comprehensively evaluated.It is found that the ecological restoration project in this section has some advantages in vegetation community system and landscape ecosystem improvement,but some problems in improving the ecosystem service function still exist.Therefore,the effective measures should be adopted,in order to avoid the strong disturbance on the large complex ecosystem in the future construction process to achieve"eco road"literally.
引文
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[5]Ting Z,Xuancang W.Application for Matter-Element Model in Eco-environment Impact Assessment of Tourism Highway[C].International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology.Wuhan:IEEE Computer Society,2009:109-112.
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[14]左建伟,李雪.基于荣乌高速烟威段的生态建设和恢复技术研究[J].交通节能与环保,2014(6):72-77.Zuo J W,Li X.The ecological construction and ecological restoration technology research based on Rongcheng-Wuhai Highway Yantai to Weihai section[J].Energy Conservation&Environmental Protection in Transportation,2014(6):72-77.
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[17]余海龙,顾卫.高速公路边坡生态护坡效果定量评估研究[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(1):203-206.Yu H L,Gu W.Quantitative evaluation on ecologically protective slope engineering for expressways[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,31(1):203-206.
[18]周富春,王小彪,刘雪莲.4种公路工程生态护坡类型的防治效果研究[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(5):220-223.Zhou F C,Wang X B,Liu X L.Control efficiency of four types of ecological slope protection in highway engineering[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,32(5):220-223.
[19]崔精.公路路域生态恢复与评价[D].西安:长安大学,2013.Cui J.The Ecological Restoration and Evaluation of Road Area[D].Xi’an:Chang An University,2013.
[20]邓辅唐,晏雨鸿,孙佩石,等.高速公路边坡三种植被恢复模式的生态效果评估[J].中国水土保持,2007(4):40-42.Deng F T,Yan Y H,Sun P S,et al.Evaluation on ecological effect of the three modes of vegetation rehabilitation conducted on freeway slopes[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,2007(4):40-42.
[21]吴家勇,毛志刚,李云涛.公路生态系统服务功能分析及评估[J].西部交通科技,2008(4):86-88.Wu J Y,Mao Z G,Li Y T.The analysis and evaluation of the service of road[J].Western Transportation Science and Technology,2008(4):86-88.
[22]邓辅唐,吕小玲,邓辅商.高速公路路堑边坡生态恢复研究进展[J].中国水土保持,2005(11):48-50.Deng F T,Lv X L,Deng F S.Research progress on ecological restoration of cut slope in expressway[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,2005(11):48-50.
[23]张前进,江玉林,陈学平.高速公路环境破坏与生态恢复评估研究[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(5):147-149.Zhang Q J,Jiang Y M,Chen X P.Study on expressway related environmental destruction and eco-restoration assessment[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2006,23(5):147-149.
[24]陈芳,李书琴,赵百磊.高速公路路基边坡生态防护效果评估[J].公路交通技术,2015(2):139-144.Chen F,Li S Q,Zhao B L.Evaluation for effects of ecological protection of roadbed slopes of expressways[J].Technology of Highway and Transport,2015(2):139-144.
[25]周正祥,刘妍娜,袁武,等.高速公路生态环境影响后评估的评估内容及量化模型[J].中外公路,2008(6):12-16.Zhou Z X,Liu Y N,Yuan W,et al.Evaluation contents and quantitative model of expressway ecological environment impact assessment[J].Chinese and Foreign Roads,2008(6):12-16.
[26]韩兆兴,衷平,程逸楠.我国公路生态修复工作存在的问题及思考[J].中国水土保持,2014(6):49-51.Han Z X,Zhong P,Cheng Y N.Problems and thoughts on ecological restoration of highway in china[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,2014(6):49-51.
[2]董世魁,刘世梁,绍新庆,等.恢复生态学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.Dong S K,Liu S L,Shao X Q,et al.Restoration Ecology[M].Beijing:China Higher Education Press,2009.
[3]孙存书,包维楷.恢复生态学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.Sun C S,Bao W K.Restoration Ecology[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.
[4]Yao X,Yu J,Li H.Impact Assessment of Highway Construction on Ecological Environment Based on Quick Bird Images Analysis[C].International Conference on Systems and Informatics,Yantai:IEEE,2012:2103-2107.
[5]Ting Z,Xuancang W.Application for Matter-Element Model in Eco-environment Impact Assessment of Tourism Highway[C].International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology.Wuhan:IEEE Computer Society,2009:109-112.
[6]Qian Y B,Zhou H R,Zhaoning W U.Landscape eco-environment risk assessment of highway in arid area of Xinjiang,China[J].Journal of Arid Land,2010,2(1):20-25.
[7]Fernandes J P.Landscape ecology and conservation management—Evaluation of alternatives in a highway EIA process[J].Environmental Impact Assessment Review,2000,20(6):665-680.
[8]Lee M,Jung I.Assessment of an urban stream restoration project by cost-benefit analysis:The case of Cheonggyecheon stream in Seoul,South Korea[J].KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering,2016(1):1-11.
[9]Yang Y,Yang J,Zhao T,et al.Ecological restoration of highway slope by covering with straw-mat and seeding with grass-legume mixture[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,90:68-76.
[10]吴迪.山区高速公路绿化与景观研究[J].北方交通,2012(4):63-64.Wu D.Research on greening and landscape of expressway in mountain area[J].Northern Traffic,2012(4):63-64.
[11]宁宝权.高速公路绿化景观功能评价体系研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(18):9866-9867.Ning B Q.Stduy on the evaluation system of the landscape function of highway greening[J].Journal of Anhui Agriculture Science,2010,38(18):9866-9867.
[12]陈纲,戴志中,黄海静.山地空间景观层次分析[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2005,27(2):26-29.Chen G,Dai Z Z,Huang H J.Analysis on landscape levels of mountain in space[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2005,27(2):26-29.
[13]贺岳峰,罗宁波,郑亮.云南思小高速公路生态恢复工程研究[J].湖南生态科学学报,2009,15(1):16-19.He Y F,Luo N B,Zheng L.Study on the ecological restoration engineering of Sixiao Highway in Yunnan[J].Journal of Hunan Ecology Science,2009,15(1):16-19.
[14]左建伟,李雪.基于荣乌高速烟威段的生态建设和恢复技术研究[J].交通节能与环保,2014(6):72-77.Zuo J W,Li X.The ecological construction and ecological restoration technology research based on Rongcheng-Wuhai Highway Yantai to Weihai section[J].Energy Conservation&Environmental Protection in Transportation,2014(6):72-77.
[15]毛文碧,段昌群.公路路域生态学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2009.Mao W B,Duan C Q.Highway Road Ecology[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2009.
[16]张捐社,高照良.西汉高速公路工程水土保持效果评估分析[J].西北林学院学报,2011,26(6):213-218.Zhang J S,Gao Zhao L.Valuation and analysis of soil and water conservation of Xihan Expressways[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2011,26(6):213-218.
[17]余海龙,顾卫.高速公路边坡生态护坡效果定量评估研究[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(1):203-206.Yu H L,Gu W.Quantitative evaluation on ecologically protective slope engineering for expressways[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,31(1):203-206.
[18]周富春,王小彪,刘雪莲.4种公路工程生态护坡类型的防治效果研究[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(5):220-223.Zhou F C,Wang X B,Liu X L.Control efficiency of four types of ecological slope protection in highway engineering[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,32(5):220-223.
[19]崔精.公路路域生态恢复与评价[D].西安:长安大学,2013.Cui J.The Ecological Restoration and Evaluation of Road Area[D].Xi’an:Chang An University,2013.
[20]邓辅唐,晏雨鸿,孙佩石,等.高速公路边坡三种植被恢复模式的生态效果评估[J].中国水土保持,2007(4):40-42.Deng F T,Yan Y H,Sun P S,et al.Evaluation on ecological effect of the three modes of vegetation rehabilitation conducted on freeway slopes[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,2007(4):40-42.
[21]吴家勇,毛志刚,李云涛.公路生态系统服务功能分析及评估[J].西部交通科技,2008(4):86-88.Wu J Y,Mao Z G,Li Y T.The analysis and evaluation of the service of road[J].Western Transportation Science and Technology,2008(4):86-88.
[22]邓辅唐,吕小玲,邓辅商.高速公路路堑边坡生态恢复研究进展[J].中国水土保持,2005(11):48-50.Deng F T,Lv X L,Deng F S.Research progress on ecological restoration of cut slope in expressway[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,2005(11):48-50.
[23]张前进,江玉林,陈学平.高速公路环境破坏与生态恢复评估研究[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(5):147-149.Zhang Q J,Jiang Y M,Chen X P.Study on expressway related environmental destruction and eco-restoration assessment[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2006,23(5):147-149.
[24]陈芳,李书琴,赵百磊.高速公路路基边坡生态防护效果评估[J].公路交通技术,2015(2):139-144.Chen F,Li S Q,Zhao B L.Evaluation for effects of ecological protection of roadbed slopes of expressways[J].Technology of Highway and Transport,2015(2):139-144.
[25]周正祥,刘妍娜,袁武,等.高速公路生态环境影响后评估的评估内容及量化模型[J].中外公路,2008(6):12-16.Zhou Z X,Liu Y N,Yuan W,et al.Evaluation contents and quantitative model of expressway ecological environment impact assessment[J].Chinese and Foreign Roads,2008(6):12-16.
[26]韩兆兴,衷平,程逸楠.我国公路生态修复工作存在的问题及思考[J].中国水土保持,2014(6):49-51.Han Z X,Zhong P,Cheng Y N.Problems and thoughts on ecological restoration of highway in china[J].Soil and Water Conservation in China,2014(6):49-51.