S280新型超高强不锈钢中一种新析出相研究
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摘要
通过热处理工艺实验确定了超高强度不锈钢S280合适的热处理工艺(1080℃,保温1 h,油冷;-73℃,2 h,空气中回到室温;540℃,4 h,空冷)。S280钢热处理后,强度大于1900 MPa,K_(1C)大于90 MPa·m~(1/2)。利用透射电子显微镜和高分辨电子显微镜研究了540和600℃时效态的S280新型超高强度不锈钢微观组织结构。结果表明:S280钢540℃时效状态,在高密度位错的板条状马氏体基体上析出弥散细小的强化相,一种是已为很多研究报道的超高强度钢中强化相Fe_2Mo~([1]),另一种析出相是Cr_2C,目前还未见相关报道。本研究测定了Cr_2C与马氏体的晶体学取向关系为:(110) _M//(121)_(Cr_2C),[111]M//[111]_(Cr_2C)。S280钢在600℃时效态也析出这2种Cr_2C和Fe_2Mo相,与540℃时效态相比,只是其有所长大。利用X射线能谱分析法对Cr_2C析出相进行了分析,结果表明,Cr_2C析出相中Cr和Mo的含量较高。
By heat treatment process experiments and mechanical tests, the appropriate heat treatment process of S280 steel(heating to1080 ℃,holding for 1 h, and quenching in oil, cooling to-73 ℃, holding for 2 h, and warming in air to room temperature and then heatingto 540 ℃, holding for 4 h, and cooling in air) was found in this research. After the appropriate heat treatment process, S280 steel can getgood comprehensive performance, with the strength of 1900 MPa, and K_(1C) of 90 MPa·m~(1/2). The microstructures of new ultrahigh strengthstainless steel S280 after thermal ageing at 540 ℃ and 600 ℃ was investigated by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and high resolution electron microscopy(HREM). The results show that the S280 steel aged at 540 ℃ has desirablemicrostructures, which is fine lath martensite matrix with high density dislocation and finely dispersed precipitate strengthening phase, andfilm-like reversed austenite precipitated from the boundary of martensite. The strengthening phases of the steel include Fe_2Mo~([1]), Fe_3C andCr_2C. There is no related report about that Cr_2C precipitated from ultrahigh strength steel as a strengthening phase. And thecrystallographic orientation relationship between Cr_2C and matrix was measured:(110)_M//(121)_(Cr_2C),[111]_M//[111]_(Cr_2C). The steel aged at 600 ℃ have the same precipitated phases Cr_2C and Fe_2Mo. and they are relatively bigger than that of sample aged at 540 ℃. Thestrengthening phases of S280 steel have high contents of Cr and Co analyzed by energy spectrum analysis(EDS).
By heat treatment process experiments and mechanical tests, the appropriate heat treatment process of S280 steel(heating to1080 ℃,holding for 1 h, and quenching in oil, cooling to-73 ℃, holding for 2 h, and warming in air to room temperature and then heatingto 540 ℃, holding for 4 h, and cooling in air) was found in this research. After the appropriate heat treatment process, S280 steel can getgood comprehensive performance, with the strength of 1900 MPa, and K_(1C) of 90 MPa·m~(1/2). The microstructures of new ultrahigh strengthstainless steel S280 after thermal ageing at 540 ℃ and 600 ℃ was investigated by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and high resolution electron microscopy(HREM). The results show that the S280 steel aged at 540 ℃ has desirablemicrostructures, which is fine lath martensite matrix with high density dislocation and finely dispersed precipitate strengthening phase, andfilm-like reversed austenite precipitated from the boundary of martensite. The strengthening phases of the steel include Fe_2Mo~([1]), Fe_3C andCr_2C. There is no related report about that Cr_2C precipitated from ultrahigh strength steel as a strengthening phase. And thecrystallographic orientation relationship between Cr_2C and matrix was measured:(110)_M//(121)_(Cr_2C),[111]_M//[111]_(Cr_2C). The steel aged at 600 ℃ have the same precipitated phases Cr_2C and Fe_2Mo. and they are relatively bigger than that of sample aged at 540 ℃. Thestrengthening phases of S280 steel have high contents of Cr and Co analyzed by energy spectrum analysis(EDS).
引文
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[41]Ayer R,Machmeier P M.Metallurgical Transactions A[J],1993,24(9):1943
[42]Lee H M,Garratt-Reed A J,Allen S M.Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia[J],1991,25(3):685
[43]Murphy S,Whiteman J A.Metal Science Journal[J],1970,4(1):58
[2]Hickey Jr C F,Thomas T S.Metal Progress[J],1985,128(5):69
[3]Youngblood J L,Raghavan M.Metallurgical Transactions A[J],1977,8(9):1439
[4]Yarema S Y,Kharish E L.Materials Science[J],1972,5(5):432
[5]Brown W F,Ho C Y,Mindlin H.Aerospace Structural Metals Handbook[M].West Lafayette:CINDAS-USAF CRDAHandbooks Operation,Purdue University,1979:1221
[6]Lee E W,Neu C E,Kozol J.JOM Journal of the Minerals,Metals and Materials Society[J],1990,42(5):11
[7]Garrison W M.JOM Journal of the Minerals,Metals and Materials Society[J],1990,42(5):20
[8]Wells M G H.Key Engineering Materials,Trans Tech Publications[J],1992,77:71
[9]Hemphill R M,Wert D E.High Strength,High Fracture Toughness Structural Alloy,US Patent,5087415[P].1992
[10]Speich G R,Dabkowski D S,Porter L F.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B[J],1973,4(1):303
[11]Thomas R L S,Scully J R,Gangloff R P.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A[J],2003,34(2):327
[12]Tan Y H,Lee S L,Lin Y L.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A[J],1995,26(5):1195
[13]Dahl J M.Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology[M].Wyomissing,PA,USA:Carpenter Technology Corp,2001:73
[14]Dahl J M,Novotny P M.Advanced Materials&Processes[J],1999,155(3):23
[15]Wei Zhenyu(魏振宇).Abroad Maraging Steel and Ultra High Strength Stainless(国外马氏体时效钢与高强度不锈钢)[M].Beijing:New Metal Materials Editorial Office,1974:31
[16]Rhodes G O,Conway J J.JOM Journal of the Minerals,Metals and Materials Society[J],1996,48(4):28
[17]Buck R F,Garrison Jr W M.Advanced Materials and Processes[J],1996,150(2):34
[18]Brown R S.Advanced Materials and Processes[J],1994,145(4):1
[19]Wert D E.Advanced Materials and Processes[J],1994,145(6):43
[20]Seetharaman V,Sundararaman M,Krishnan R.Materials Science and Engineering[J],1981,47(1):1
[21]Bajguirani H R H,Servant C,Cizeron G.Acta Metallurgica et Materialia[J],1993,41(5):1613
[22]Zhong Ping(钟平),Zhang Yeqin(张业勤),Zhong Jinyan(钟锦岩).Science Technology Review(科技导报)[J],2015,33(11):59
[23]Li Jia(李佳).Thesis for Master Degree(硕士学位论文)[D].Nanchang:Nanchang Hangkong University,2013
[24]Pachla W,Skiba J,Kulczyk M et al.Materials Science and Engineering A[J],2014,615:116
[25]Tsygankov S A,Demenchuk N P,Myasnikov G D et al.Polymer Science USSR[J],1985,27(1):111
[26]Liu Zhenbao(刘振宝),Yang Zhiyong(杨志勇),Yong Qilong(雍歧龙)et al.Materials for Mechanical Engineering(机械工程材料)[J],2008,32(48):48
[27]Jiang Yue(姜越),Yin Zhongda(尹钟大),Zhu Jingchuan(朱景川)et al.Special Steel(特殊钢)[J],2004,25(1):1
[28]Yang Xia(杨霞),Bai Yinglong(白英龙),Lian Yudong(连玉栋)et al.Steelmaking(炼钢)[J],2011,27(65):65
[29]Kumar B R,Sharma S,Munda P et al.Materials&Design[J],2013,50:392
[30]Liu Y R,Dong Y,Yong Q L et al.Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International[J],2011,18(11):60
[31]Ma X P,Wang L J,Liu C M et al.Materials Science and Engineering A[J],2012,539:271
[32]Xu W,Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo P E J,Yan W et al.Acta Materialia[J],2010,58(11):4067
[33]Gao Y,Li X,Yang Q et al.Materials Letters[J],2007,61(2):466
[34]Gao Y,Yao M,Shao P et al.Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance[J],2003,12(5):507
[35]Liu Zhenbao(刘振宝),Song Weishun(宋为顺),Yang Zhiyong(杨志勇)et al.Transaction of Materials and Heat Treatment(材料热处理学报)[J],2005,26(4):52
[36]Liu F,Lin X,Song M et al.Journal of Alloys and Compounds[J],2015,621:35
[37]Jie L I,Feng G,Zhi L et al.Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International[J],2007,14(5):254
[38]Zhong Ping(钟平).The Microstructure,Property and Corrosion Behavior of Ultra-high Strength Steel(超高强度钢组织、性能及腐蚀行为)[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014:53
[39]Zhong Bingwen(钟炳文),Wang Guangsheng(王广生).Journal of Aeronautical Materials(航空材料学报)[J],1986,6(2):A199
[40]Zhong Bingwen(钟炳文),Zhao Zhenye(赵振业),Journal of Aeronautical Materials(航空材料学报)[J],1989,9(1):16
[41]Ayer R,Machmeier P M.Metallurgical Transactions A[J],1993,24(9):1943
[42]Lee H M,Garratt-Reed A J,Allen S M.Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia[J],1991,25(3):685
[43]Murphy S,Whiteman J A.Metal Science Journal[J],1970,4(1):58