食盐摄入量对高血压患者血压控制影响的研究进展
摘要
食盐摄入过多是高血压的常见病因之一,而高血压患者在日常饮食中若未合理控制食盐摄入量,则会加重高血压的症状及进程。本文综述了食盐的营养生理特征及摄入量对高血压患者血压控制的影响,讨论了食盐敏感性的决定机制及决定因素、低盐饮食的潜在危险、限盐摄入的对策以及钾与高血压的关系,认为高血压患者人群适度降低盐摄入量,合理科学摄取食盐,改善不良生活习惯,能控制其血压水平及病程进展。
引文
[1]Wang J,Zhang L,Wang F,et al.Prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in China:results from a national survey[J].Am J Hypertens,2014,27(11):1355-1361.
[2]吴宁,张红叶.钠钾与高血压病关系的研究进展[J].中国循证心血管医学杂志,2015,7(2):283-285.
[3]张帆,杨文慧,何燕,等.心力衰竭患者合并低钠血症预后研究进展[J].心血管病学进展,2018,39(2):217-220.
[4]Ko KS,Torres CL,Fascetti AJ,et al.Copper deficiency does not lead to taurine deficiency in rats[J].J Nutr,2006,136(10):2502-2505.
[5]刘涛.低钠饮食控制原发性高血压临床探讨[J].中国现代药物应用,2010,4(4):228-229.
[6]黄莹.高血压防止,从低盐饮食做起[J].中国医药指南,2013,11(9):362-363.
[7]庄妍,刘涛,李凌,等.贵州省城乡居民高血压患病率及与食盐量的相关分析[J].微量元素与健康研究,2016,(3):48-49.
[8]秦小媛.健康宣教对高血压病人的影响[J].医药前沿,2017,7(1):376-377.
[9]白芳.健康饮食教育对高血压患者的影响[J].世界最新医学信息文摘(电子版),2018,18(8):116,119.
[10]李继科,吴九涛,王军,等.控盐与高血压[J].心脏杂志,2016,28(6):741-742,746.
[11]Luzardo L,Noboa O,Boggia J.Mechanisms of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension[J].Curr Hypertens Rev,2015,11(1):14-21.
[12]Crowley SD,Gurley SB,Oliverio MI,et al.Distinct roles for the kidney and systemic tissues in blood pressure regulation by the renin-angiotensin system[J].J Clin Invest,2005,115(4):1092-1099.
[13]Gu D,Kelly TN,Hixson JE,et al.Genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and salt sensitivity of blood pressure[J].J Hypertens,2010,28(6):1210-1220.
[14]张素珍,徐永,万瑜,等.钠摄入量对心力衰竭大鼠心脏肾素-血管紧张素系统与心钠素的影响[J].第四军医大学学报,2002,23(12):1090-1093.
[15]Farquhar WB,Wenner MM,Delaney EP,et al.Sympathetic neural responses to increased osmolality in humans[J].Am JPhysiol Heart Circ Physiol,2006,291(5):H2181-H2186.
[16]Majid DS,Prieto MC,Navar LG.Salt-Sensitive Hypertension:Perspectives on Intrarenal Mechanisms[J].Curr Hypertens Rev,2015,11(1):38-48.
[17]Luzardo L,Noboa O,Boggia J.Mechanisms of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension[J].Curr Hypertens Rev,2015,11(1):14-21.
[18]Weinberger MH.Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in humans[J].Hypertension,1996,27(3 Pt 2):481-490.
[19]Weinberger MH,Fineberg NS.Sodium and volume sensitivity of blood pressure.Age and pressure change over time[J].Hypertension,1991,18(1):67-71.
[20]Van Horn L.Dietary Sodium and Blood Pressure:How Low Should We Go?[J].Prog Cardiovasc Dis,2015,58(1):61-68.
[21]O'Donnell MJ,Yusuf S,Mente A,et al.Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and risk of cardiovascular events[J].JA-MA,2011,306(20):2229-2238.
[22]Bulpitt CJ.Sodium excess or potassium lack as a cause of hypertension:a discussion paper[J].J R Soc Med,1981,74(12):896-900.
[23]Aburto NJ,Hanson S,Gutierrez H,et al.Effect of increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease:systematic review and meta-analyses[J].BMJ,2013,346:f1378.
[24]Mente A,O'Donnell MJ,Rangarajan S,et al.Association of urinary sodium and potassium excretion with blood pressure[J].N Engl J Med,2014,371(7):601-611.
[25]牟建军,刘治金,刘富强,等.食盐中添加钾、钙对青少年及其家庭成员高血压一级预防的随机对照试验[J].中华高血压杂志,2009,17(6):502-506.
[26]Drueke TB.Salt and health:time to revisit the recommendations[J].Kidney Int,2016,89(2):259-260.
[27]秦俊法.食盐与高血压发病[J].广东微量元素科学,2014,21(5):31-56.
[28]洪忠新,丁冰杰.平衡膳食是防治原发性高血压病的基石[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(3):283-289.
[29]杭洪霞,孙辉.低盐饮食在社区中老年难治性高血压患者中的应用[J].当代护士(下旬刊),2016,23(5):110-111.
[2]吴宁,张红叶.钠钾与高血压病关系的研究进展[J].中国循证心血管医学杂志,2015,7(2):283-285.
[3]张帆,杨文慧,何燕,等.心力衰竭患者合并低钠血症预后研究进展[J].心血管病学进展,2018,39(2):217-220.
[4]Ko KS,Torres CL,Fascetti AJ,et al.Copper deficiency does not lead to taurine deficiency in rats[J].J Nutr,2006,136(10):2502-2505.
[5]刘涛.低钠饮食控制原发性高血压临床探讨[J].中国现代药物应用,2010,4(4):228-229.
[6]黄莹.高血压防止,从低盐饮食做起[J].中国医药指南,2013,11(9):362-363.
[7]庄妍,刘涛,李凌,等.贵州省城乡居民高血压患病率及与食盐量的相关分析[J].微量元素与健康研究,2016,(3):48-49.
[8]秦小媛.健康宣教对高血压病人的影响[J].医药前沿,2017,7(1):376-377.
[9]白芳.健康饮食教育对高血压患者的影响[J].世界最新医学信息文摘(电子版),2018,18(8):116,119.
[10]李继科,吴九涛,王军,等.控盐与高血压[J].心脏杂志,2016,28(6):741-742,746.
[11]Luzardo L,Noboa O,Boggia J.Mechanisms of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension[J].Curr Hypertens Rev,2015,11(1):14-21.
[12]Crowley SD,Gurley SB,Oliverio MI,et al.Distinct roles for the kidney and systemic tissues in blood pressure regulation by the renin-angiotensin system[J].J Clin Invest,2005,115(4):1092-1099.
[13]Gu D,Kelly TN,Hixson JE,et al.Genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and salt sensitivity of blood pressure[J].J Hypertens,2010,28(6):1210-1220.
[14]张素珍,徐永,万瑜,等.钠摄入量对心力衰竭大鼠心脏肾素-血管紧张素系统与心钠素的影响[J].第四军医大学学报,2002,23(12):1090-1093.
[15]Farquhar WB,Wenner MM,Delaney EP,et al.Sympathetic neural responses to increased osmolality in humans[J].Am JPhysiol Heart Circ Physiol,2006,291(5):H2181-H2186.
[16]Majid DS,Prieto MC,Navar LG.Salt-Sensitive Hypertension:Perspectives on Intrarenal Mechanisms[J].Curr Hypertens Rev,2015,11(1):38-48.
[17]Luzardo L,Noboa O,Boggia J.Mechanisms of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension[J].Curr Hypertens Rev,2015,11(1):14-21.
[18]Weinberger MH.Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in humans[J].Hypertension,1996,27(3 Pt 2):481-490.
[19]Weinberger MH,Fineberg NS.Sodium and volume sensitivity of blood pressure.Age and pressure change over time[J].Hypertension,1991,18(1):67-71.
[20]Van Horn L.Dietary Sodium and Blood Pressure:How Low Should We Go?[J].Prog Cardiovasc Dis,2015,58(1):61-68.
[21]O'Donnell MJ,Yusuf S,Mente A,et al.Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and risk of cardiovascular events[J].JA-MA,2011,306(20):2229-2238.
[22]Bulpitt CJ.Sodium excess or potassium lack as a cause of hypertension:a discussion paper[J].J R Soc Med,1981,74(12):896-900.
[23]Aburto NJ,Hanson S,Gutierrez H,et al.Effect of increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease:systematic review and meta-analyses[J].BMJ,2013,346:f1378.
[24]Mente A,O'Donnell MJ,Rangarajan S,et al.Association of urinary sodium and potassium excretion with blood pressure[J].N Engl J Med,2014,371(7):601-611.
[25]牟建军,刘治金,刘富强,等.食盐中添加钾、钙对青少年及其家庭成员高血压一级预防的随机对照试验[J].中华高血压杂志,2009,17(6):502-506.
[26]Drueke TB.Salt and health:time to revisit the recommendations[J].Kidney Int,2016,89(2):259-260.
[27]秦俊法.食盐与高血压发病[J].广东微量元素科学,2014,21(5):31-56.
[28]洪忠新,丁冰杰.平衡膳食是防治原发性高血压病的基石[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(3):283-289.
[29]杭洪霞,孙辉.低盐饮食在社区中老年难治性高血压患者中的应用[J].当代护士(下旬刊),2016,23(5):110-111.