钢筋混凝土桥墩地震损伤破坏分析方法
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摘要
本文以桥墩混凝土最大裂缝宽度、残余位移、保护层混凝土脱落及纵筋屈曲为主要损伤破坏指标,建立了联系地震动类型、强度和桥墩各损伤破坏指标之间的关系,并以此为基础提出了钢筋混凝土桥墩的地震损伤破坏分析方法.最终以一个实际桥墩为例,通过增量动力分析手段获得了其在不同地震作用下峰值位移、残余位移、混凝土裂缝宽度、混凝土保护层脱落、纵筋屈曲等地震损伤指标,对桥墩地震损伤破坏分析方法进行了说明.结果表明:所建立的数值分析方法可较为准确的模拟桥墩的震后残余变形、混凝土开裂等损伤破坏,且近断层地震动输入下桥墩的地震损伤破坏远大于远断层地震动.
The maximum concrete crack width,residual displacement,concrete cover spallingand longitudinal bar buckling were taken as the seismic damage parameters for thebridge piers.The relationship between the ground motion type,ground motion amplitudeand the seismic damage level of the bridge piers was established.Based on this,themethod to analyze the seismic damages to reinforced concrete bridge piers was proposed.At last,taken a bridge pier as an example,the seismic damages to the piers,whichincluding the maximum displacement,the residual displacement,concrete crackingwidth,concrete cover spalling and longitudinal bar buckling,were obtained by theincrement dynamic analysis.Also,the seismic damage analysis method for the piers wasillustrated.It is found that the proposed numerical simulation method could predict theresidual drift ratio and the concrete cracking damage well,and the seismic damages tothe bridge piers under near-fault ground motions are much serious than that under far-field ground motions.
The maximum concrete crack width,residual displacement,concrete cover spallingand longitudinal bar buckling were taken as the seismic damage parameters for thebridge piers.The relationship between the ground motion type,ground motion amplitudeand the seismic damage level of the bridge piers was established.Based on this,themethod to analyze the seismic damages to reinforced concrete bridge piers was proposed.At last,taken a bridge pier as an example,the seismic damages to the piers,whichincluding the maximum displacement,the residual displacement,concrete crackingwidth,concrete cover spalling and longitudinal bar buckling,were obtained by theincrement dynamic analysis.Also,the seismic damage analysis method for the piers wasillustrated.It is found that the proposed numerical simulation method could predict theresidual drift ratio and the concrete cracking damage well,and the seismic damages tothe bridge piers under near-fault ground motions are much serious than that under far-field ground motions.
引文
[1]Fujino Y,Hashimoto S,Abe M.Damage analysis of Hanshin expressway viaducts during 1995 Kobe earthquake.I:Residual inclination of reinforced concrete piers[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2005,10(1):45-53
[2]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1387Zhuang Weilin,Liu Zhenyu,Jiang Jinsong.Earthquake-induced damage analysis of highway bridges in Wenchuan earthquake and countermeasures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1377-1387
[3]孙治国,王东升,司炳君,等.采用预应力筋进行RC桥墩地震损伤控制的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(1):107-116Sun Zhiguo,Wang Dongsheng,Si Bingjun,et al.Experimental research on the seismic damage control techniques for RC bridge piers by using prestressing tendons[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(1):107-116
[4]Priestley M J N.Performance based seismic design[C].Auckland:Proceeding of 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Auckland,New Zealand,2000
[5]Hose Y,Silva P,Seible F.Development of a performance evaluation database for concrete bridge components and systems under simulated seismic loads[J].Earthquake Spectra,2000,16(2):413-442
[6]Lehman D,Moehle J,Mahin S,et al.Experimental evaluation of the seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge columns[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2004,130(6):869-879
[7]Sun Zhiguo,Si Bingjun,Wang Dongsheng,et al.Experimental research and finite element analysis of bridge piers failed in flexure-shear modes[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,7(4):403-414
[8]Berry M,Eberhard M.Performance models for flexural damage in reinforced concrete columns[R].Berkeley:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,College of Engineering,University of California,Berkeley,2003
[9]Berry M,Eberhard M O.Practical performance model for bar buckling[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2005,131(7):1060-1070
[10]艾庆华,王东升,李宏男,等.基于塑性铰模型的钢筋混凝土桥墩地震损伤评价[J].工程力学,2009,26(4):158-166Ai Qinghua,Wang Dongsheng,Li Hongnan,et al.Seismic damage evaluation of RC bridge columns based on plastic hinge model[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(4):158-166
[11]艾庆华,王东升,向敏.基于纤维单元的钢筋混凝土桥墩地震损伤评价[J].计算力学学报,2011,28(5):737-742Ai Qinghua,Wang Dongsheng,Xiang Min.Seismic damage evaluation of RC bridge columns based on fiber elements[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2011,28(5):737-742
[12]Lee W K,Billington S L.Modeling residual displacements of concrete bridge columns under earthquake loads using fiber elements[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2010,15(3):240-249
[13]李忠献,李杨,李宁.RC桥墩抗震性能分析模型与验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(1):71-80Li Zhongxian,Li Yang,Li Ning.Seismic analysis model of RC bridge piers:Simulation and verification[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2014,34(1):71-80
[14]徐世烺,李贺东.超高韧性水泥基复合材料研究进展及其工程应用[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(6):45-60Xu Shilang,Li Hedong.A review on the development of research and application of ultra high toughness cementitious composites[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(6):45-60
[15]李朝红,徐光兴,王海龙.混凝土轴心受拉试件细观数值模拟[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2014,22(2):327-335Li Chaohong,Xu Guangxing,Wang Hailong.Masoscopic numerical sumulation of axial tensile specimen of concrete[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2014,22(2):327-335
[16]仲济涛,刘钊.钢筋混凝土结构的细观尺度模型及裂缝扩展模拟[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(6):1174-1184Zhong Jitao,Liu Zhao.Meso-scale model of reinforced concrete structures and crack propagation simulation[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2015,23(6):1174-1184
[17]Lu Y,Gu X,Guan J.Probabilistic drift limits and performance evaluation of reinforced concrete columns[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2005,131(6):966-978
[18]Zatar W A,Mutsuyoshi H.Residual displacements of concrete bridge piers subjected to near field earthquakes[J].ACI Structural Journal,2002,99(6):740-749
[19]Kawashima K,Macrae G A,Hoshikuma J I,et al.Residual displacement response spectrum[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1998,124(5):523-530
[20]Bentz E C,Vecchio F J,Collins M P.Simplified modified compression field theory for calculating shear strength of reinforced concrete elements[J].ACI Structural Journal,2006,103(4):614-624
[21]孙治国,李宏男,王东升,等.RC桥墩弯剪破坏判别准则与抗震分析的改进模型[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(6):42-50Sun Zhiguo,Li Hongnan,Wang Dongsheng,et al.Discription criterion governing flexural-shear failure modes and improved seismic analysis model for RC bridge piers[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(6):42-50
[22]Setzler E J,Sezen H.Model for the lateral behavior of reinforced concrete columns including shear deformations[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(2):493-511
[23]Xu S Y,Zhang J.Hysteretic shear-flexure interaction model of reinforced concrete columns for seismic response assessment of bridges[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2011,40(3):315-337
[24]Moshref A,Tehranizadeh M,Khanmohammadi M.Investigation of the reliability of nonlinear modeling approaches to capture the residual displacements of RC columns under seismic loading[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2015,13(8):2327-2345
[25]Saiidi M S,Ardakani S M S.An analytical study of residual displacements in RC bridge columns subjected to near-fault earthquakes[J].Bridge Structures,2012,8(1):35-45
[26]Zhao J,Sritharan S.Modeling of strain penetration effects in fiber-based analysis of reinforced concrete structures[J].ACI Structural Journal,2007,104(2):133-141
[27]Cheng H,Li Hongnan,Wang Dongsheng,et al.Research on the influencing factors for residual displacements of RC bridge columns subjected to earthquake loading[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2016,14(8):2229-2257
[28]华承俊.桥梁排架结构地震破坏机理及损伤控制方法[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015Hua Chengjun.Earthquake damage mechanism and damage control method for RC bridge bents[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2015
[29]Gomes A,Appleton J.Nonlinear cyclic stress-strain relationship of reinforcing bars including buckling[J].Engineering Structures,1997,19(10):822-826
[30]Brown J,Kunnath S K.Low-cycle fatigue of reinforcing steel bars[J].ACI Structural Journal,2004,101(6):457-466
[31]苏俊省,王君杰,郭进,等.基于钢筋低周疲劳的桥墩地震易损性分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(1):29-36Su Junsheng,Wang Junjie,Guo Jin,et al.Seismic fragility analysis of bridge piers based on low-cycle fatigue life of reinforcing steel[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2016,44(1):29-36
[32]杨红,谢琴,张吉庆,等.考虑屈曲影响的钢筋本构修正模型及试验验证[J].土木公称学报,2015,48(10):21-29Yang Hong,Xie Qin,Zhang Jiqing,et al.A modified constitutice model of reinforcing bars considering buckling effects and its experimental verification[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(10):21-29
[33]仇建磊,贡金鑫.地震作用下钢筋混凝土柱纵筋屈曲研究进展[J].土木工程学报,2016,49(5):50-62Qiu Jianlei,Gong Jinxin.Research on buckling of longitudinal bars in RC columns under earthquake excitation:State of the art[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2016,49(5):50-62
[34]孙治国,华承俊,石岩,等.利用BRB实现桥梁排架基于保险丝理念的抗震设计[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(22):199-205Sun Zhiguo,Hua Chengjun,Shi Yan,et al.Seismic design of bridge bents with BRB as a structural fuse[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(22):199-205
[2]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1387Zhuang Weilin,Liu Zhenyu,Jiang Jinsong.Earthquake-induced damage analysis of highway bridges in Wenchuan earthquake and countermeasures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1377-1387
[3]孙治国,王东升,司炳君,等.采用预应力筋进行RC桥墩地震损伤控制的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(1):107-116Sun Zhiguo,Wang Dongsheng,Si Bingjun,et al.Experimental research on the seismic damage control techniques for RC bridge piers by using prestressing tendons[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(1):107-116
[4]Priestley M J N.Performance based seismic design[C].Auckland:Proceeding of 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Auckland,New Zealand,2000
[5]Hose Y,Silva P,Seible F.Development of a performance evaluation database for concrete bridge components and systems under simulated seismic loads[J].Earthquake Spectra,2000,16(2):413-442
[6]Lehman D,Moehle J,Mahin S,et al.Experimental evaluation of the seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge columns[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2004,130(6):869-879
[7]Sun Zhiguo,Si Bingjun,Wang Dongsheng,et al.Experimental research and finite element analysis of bridge piers failed in flexure-shear modes[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,7(4):403-414
[8]Berry M,Eberhard M.Performance models for flexural damage in reinforced concrete columns[R].Berkeley:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,College of Engineering,University of California,Berkeley,2003
[9]Berry M,Eberhard M O.Practical performance model for bar buckling[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2005,131(7):1060-1070
[10]艾庆华,王东升,李宏男,等.基于塑性铰模型的钢筋混凝土桥墩地震损伤评价[J].工程力学,2009,26(4):158-166Ai Qinghua,Wang Dongsheng,Li Hongnan,et al.Seismic damage evaluation of RC bridge columns based on plastic hinge model[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(4):158-166
[11]艾庆华,王东升,向敏.基于纤维单元的钢筋混凝土桥墩地震损伤评价[J].计算力学学报,2011,28(5):737-742Ai Qinghua,Wang Dongsheng,Xiang Min.Seismic damage evaluation of RC bridge columns based on fiber elements[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2011,28(5):737-742
[12]Lee W K,Billington S L.Modeling residual displacements of concrete bridge columns under earthquake loads using fiber elements[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2010,15(3):240-249
[13]李忠献,李杨,李宁.RC桥墩抗震性能分析模型与验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(1):71-80Li Zhongxian,Li Yang,Li Ning.Seismic analysis model of RC bridge piers:Simulation and verification[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2014,34(1):71-80
[14]徐世烺,李贺东.超高韧性水泥基复合材料研究进展及其工程应用[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(6):45-60Xu Shilang,Li Hedong.A review on the development of research and application of ultra high toughness cementitious composites[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(6):45-60
[15]李朝红,徐光兴,王海龙.混凝土轴心受拉试件细观数值模拟[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2014,22(2):327-335Li Chaohong,Xu Guangxing,Wang Hailong.Masoscopic numerical sumulation of axial tensile specimen of concrete[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2014,22(2):327-335
[16]仲济涛,刘钊.钢筋混凝土结构的细观尺度模型及裂缝扩展模拟[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(6):1174-1184Zhong Jitao,Liu Zhao.Meso-scale model of reinforced concrete structures and crack propagation simulation[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2015,23(6):1174-1184
[17]Lu Y,Gu X,Guan J.Probabilistic drift limits and performance evaluation of reinforced concrete columns[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2005,131(6):966-978
[18]Zatar W A,Mutsuyoshi H.Residual displacements of concrete bridge piers subjected to near field earthquakes[J].ACI Structural Journal,2002,99(6):740-749
[19]Kawashima K,Macrae G A,Hoshikuma J I,et al.Residual displacement response spectrum[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1998,124(5):523-530
[20]Bentz E C,Vecchio F J,Collins M P.Simplified modified compression field theory for calculating shear strength of reinforced concrete elements[J].ACI Structural Journal,2006,103(4):614-624
[21]孙治国,李宏男,王东升,等.RC桥墩弯剪破坏判别准则与抗震分析的改进模型[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(6):42-50Sun Zhiguo,Li Hongnan,Wang Dongsheng,et al.Discription criterion governing flexural-shear failure modes and improved seismic analysis model for RC bridge piers[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(6):42-50
[22]Setzler E J,Sezen H.Model for the lateral behavior of reinforced concrete columns including shear deformations[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(2):493-511
[23]Xu S Y,Zhang J.Hysteretic shear-flexure interaction model of reinforced concrete columns for seismic response assessment of bridges[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2011,40(3):315-337
[24]Moshref A,Tehranizadeh M,Khanmohammadi M.Investigation of the reliability of nonlinear modeling approaches to capture the residual displacements of RC columns under seismic loading[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2015,13(8):2327-2345
[25]Saiidi M S,Ardakani S M S.An analytical study of residual displacements in RC bridge columns subjected to near-fault earthquakes[J].Bridge Structures,2012,8(1):35-45
[26]Zhao J,Sritharan S.Modeling of strain penetration effects in fiber-based analysis of reinforced concrete structures[J].ACI Structural Journal,2007,104(2):133-141
[27]Cheng H,Li Hongnan,Wang Dongsheng,et al.Research on the influencing factors for residual displacements of RC bridge columns subjected to earthquake loading[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2016,14(8):2229-2257
[28]华承俊.桥梁排架结构地震破坏机理及损伤控制方法[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015Hua Chengjun.Earthquake damage mechanism and damage control method for RC bridge bents[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2015
[29]Gomes A,Appleton J.Nonlinear cyclic stress-strain relationship of reinforcing bars including buckling[J].Engineering Structures,1997,19(10):822-826
[30]Brown J,Kunnath S K.Low-cycle fatigue of reinforcing steel bars[J].ACI Structural Journal,2004,101(6):457-466
[31]苏俊省,王君杰,郭进,等.基于钢筋低周疲劳的桥墩地震易损性分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(1):29-36Su Junsheng,Wang Junjie,Guo Jin,et al.Seismic fragility analysis of bridge piers based on low-cycle fatigue life of reinforcing steel[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2016,44(1):29-36
[32]杨红,谢琴,张吉庆,等.考虑屈曲影响的钢筋本构修正模型及试验验证[J].土木公称学报,2015,48(10):21-29Yang Hong,Xie Qin,Zhang Jiqing,et al.A modified constitutice model of reinforcing bars considering buckling effects and its experimental verification[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(10):21-29
[33]仇建磊,贡金鑫.地震作用下钢筋混凝土柱纵筋屈曲研究进展[J].土木工程学报,2016,49(5):50-62Qiu Jianlei,Gong Jinxin.Research on buckling of longitudinal bars in RC columns under earthquake excitation:State of the art[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2016,49(5):50-62
[34]孙治国,华承俊,石岩,等.利用BRB实现桥梁排架基于保险丝理念的抗震设计[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(22):199-205Sun Zhiguo,Hua Chengjun,Shi Yan,et al.Seismic design of bridge bents with BRB as a structural fuse[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(22):199-205