等值张拉时基于振动法的平行钢绞线索索力测试分析
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摘要
采用振动法对杭埠河大桥平行钢绞线索进行了索力测试,分析了平行钢绞线索的离散性、垂度和区域性接触对索力测试的影响,采用逐步扩大法模拟平行钢绞线索的离散性。讨论了拉索自振频率的确定、面内面外振动的振动特性以及不同拾振器放置位置时的实测信号特征。基于有限元方法建立平行钢绞线索及钢绞线-HDPE套管接触耦合模型,进行了平行钢绞线索振动特性分析。结果表明:振动法可以用于平行钢绞线索索力测试,索力计算时应尽量采用低阶频率;钢绞线间的离散性和索力不均匀性对拉索振动影响较小,拉索面内振动受施工影响较大,钢绞线面外振动频谱特征更为明显,低阶振动分量较多且易识别,利用面外振动可以更好地确定拉索自振频率;考虑HDPE套管质量,修正拉索线密度可提高索力测量精度。
The cable tension of parallel strands in Hangbuhe Bridge is measured by vibration method,the impact of the discreteness,sag and regional contact of parallel strands on cable tension measurement is analyzed,and the discreteness of parallel strands is imitated by step by step enlargement method.Then,how to determine the natural frequency of cable,the vibration characteristics of in-plane vibration and out-of-plane vibration as well as the measured signal characteristics with different locations of sensor are discussed.The contact coupling model of parallel strands and strands-HDPE casing is established by finite element method,and the vibration characteristic of the parallel strands is analyzed.The result shows that(1) the vibration method can be adopted to measure the cable tension of parallel strands,low frequency should be used as far as possible to calculate the cable tension;(2) the discreteness and the non-uniform cable tension have less impact for cable vibration,in-plane vibration is greater affected by construction,the out-of-plane vibration of cable emerged the obvious vibration characteristics,more low-order vibration components are appeared and easily identified,the natural frequency of the cable can be better determined by out-of-plane vibration;(3)the measuring accuracy of cable tension can be improved by modifying the line density of cable considering the mass of HDPE-casing.
The cable tension of parallel strands in Hangbuhe Bridge is measured by vibration method,the impact of the discreteness,sag and regional contact of parallel strands on cable tension measurement is analyzed,and the discreteness of parallel strands is imitated by step by step enlargement method.Then,how to determine the natural frequency of cable,the vibration characteristics of in-plane vibration and out-of-plane vibration as well as the measured signal characteristics with different locations of sensor are discussed.The contact coupling model of parallel strands and strands-HDPE casing is established by finite element method,and the vibration characteristic of the parallel strands is analyzed.The result shows that(1) the vibration method can be adopted to measure the cable tension of parallel strands,low frequency should be used as far as possible to calculate the cable tension;(2) the discreteness and the non-uniform cable tension have less impact for cable vibration,in-plane vibration is greater affected by construction,the out-of-plane vibration of cable emerged the obvious vibration characteristics,more low-order vibration components are appeared and easily identified,the natural frequency of the cable can be better determined by out-of-plane vibration;(3)the measuring accuracy of cable tension can be improved by modifying the line density of cable considering the mass of HDPE-casing.
引文
[1]罗勋.频率法测定斜拉索索力若干问题的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2009:44-51.LUO Xun.Study on Measurement of Cable Tension by Frequency Method[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2009:44-51.
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[4]冉志红,李乔.提高斜拉索索力估算精度的一种新方法[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(8):96-98.RAN Zhi-hong,LI Qiao.A New Method to Enhance the Estimation Accuracy of Stay Cable Tension[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2007,24(8):96-98.
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[8]吉伯海,陈苗,傅中秋,等.基于振动频率法的斜拉桥索力测试影响因素[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,46(7):2620-2625.JI Bo-hai,CHEN Miao,FU Zhong-qiu,et al.Influential Factors in Cable Force Measurement of Cable-stayed Bridges Based on Vibration Frequency Method[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology Edition,2015,46(7):2620-2625.
[9]张卓杰,王荣辉,甄晓霞,等.平行钢绞线斜拉索索力测试方法评价[J].桥梁建设,2016,46(2):42-47.ZHANG Zhuo-jie,WANG Rong-hui,ZHEN Xiao-xia,et al.Evaluation of Measurement Methods for Tension of Parallel Steel Strand Stay Cables[J].Bridge Construction,2016,46(2):42-47.
[10]FANG Z,WANG J Q.Practical Formula for Cable Tension Estimation by Vibration Method[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2012,17(1):161-164.
[11]ZUI H,SHINKE T,HAMAZAKI Y.Improved Practical Formulas for Estimation of Cable Tension by Vibration Method[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1996,122(6):651-656.
[12]徐霞飞,任伟新.边界条件对吊索索力估算的影响[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2008,5(6):26-31.XU Xia-fei,REN Wei-xin.Effect of Boundary Conditions on the Estimation of Suspender Tension[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2008,5(6):26-31.
[13]苏成,徐郁峰,韩大建.频率法测量索力中的参数分析与索抗弯刚度的识别[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(5):75-78.SU Cheng,XU Yu-feng,HAN Da-jian.Parameter Analysis and Identification of Bending Stiffness of Cables During Tension Measurements by Frequency Method[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2005,22(5):75-78.
[14]KANGAS S,HCLMICKI A,HUNT V,et al.CableStayed Bridges:Case Study for Ambient Vibration-Based Cable Tension Estimation[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2012,17(6):839-846.
[15]王荣辉,薛礼建.矮塔斜拉桥索力测试方法研究[J].中外公路,2011,31(2):116-120.WANG Rong-hui,XUE Li-jian.Study on Test Method of Cable Tension of Low Tower Cable-stayed Bridge[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2011,31(2):116-120.
[16]何伟,陈淮,王博,等.复杂边界条件下基于频率法的吊杆张力测定研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(3):93-98.HE Wei,CHEN Huai,WANG Bo,et al.Study of Suspender Tension Measurement Based on Frequency Method with Complex Boundary Conditions[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(3):93-98.
[17]李枝军,李爱群,缪长青,等.运营状态下南京长江二桥拉索索力测试与分析[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2007,37(6):1057-1060.LI Zhi-Jun,LI Ai-qun,MIAO Chang-qing,et al.Measurement and Analysis of Cable Tension in the Second Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge under Running Condition[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural Science Edition,2007,37(6):1057-1060.
[18]孙增寿,赵云鹏,秦磊.基于频率法的平行钢绞线索索力测试研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2014,11(3):17-22.SUN Zeng-shou,ZHAO Yun-peng,QIN Lei.Research of Tension Measurement of Parallel Steel Stranded Wire Cable Based on Frequency Method[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2014,11(3):17-22.
[2]李凤臣.大跨度桥梁斜拉索的参数振动及索力识别研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2009:139-162.LI Feng-chen.Parametric Vibration and Cable Force Identification of Staying Cable of Large-span Bridges[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2009:139-162.
[3]程检廷,张俊平,张力文.猎德大桥吊索张拉施上方案分析与优化[J].中外公路,2011,31(6):172-175.CHENG Jian-ting,ZHANG Jun-ping,ZHANG Li-wen.Analysis and Optimization of Hanger Tensioning Construction Scheme of Liede Bridge[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2011,31(6):172-175.
[4]冉志红,李乔.提高斜拉索索力估算精度的一种新方法[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(8):96-98.RAN Zhi-hong,LI Qiao.A New Method to Enhance the Estimation Accuracy of Stay Cable Tension[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2007,24(8):96-98.
[5]张志伟.自锚式悬索桥索鞍无预偏施工吊杆张拉的优化研究[J].世界桥梁,2011(2):34-37.ZHANG Zhi-wei.Optimization Research of Construction of Hanger Tensioning for Self-anchored Suspension Bridge with No Pre-offsetting of Cable Saddles[J].World Bridges,2011(2):34-37.
[6]柯红军,李传习,刘建.平胜大桥自锚式悬索桥静载试验与评价[J].公路交通科技,2009,26(2):53-59.KE Hong-jun,LI Chuan-xi,LIU Jian.Static Loading Test and Assessment of Pingsheng Self-anchored Suspension Bridge[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2009,26(2):53-59.
[7]闫维明,许晓建,李勇,等.基于振动频率法和优化功能的斜拉索索力测试研究[J].公路交通科技,2015,32(11):61-67.YAN Wei-ming,XU Xiao-jian,LI Yong,et al.Cable Force Measurement Based on Vibration Frequency Method and Optimization Function[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2015,32(11):61-67.
[8]吉伯海,陈苗,傅中秋,等.基于振动频率法的斜拉桥索力测试影响因素[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,46(7):2620-2625.JI Bo-hai,CHEN Miao,FU Zhong-qiu,et al.Influential Factors in Cable Force Measurement of Cable-stayed Bridges Based on Vibration Frequency Method[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology Edition,2015,46(7):2620-2625.
[9]张卓杰,王荣辉,甄晓霞,等.平行钢绞线斜拉索索力测试方法评价[J].桥梁建设,2016,46(2):42-47.ZHANG Zhuo-jie,WANG Rong-hui,ZHEN Xiao-xia,et al.Evaluation of Measurement Methods for Tension of Parallel Steel Strand Stay Cables[J].Bridge Construction,2016,46(2):42-47.
[10]FANG Z,WANG J Q.Practical Formula for Cable Tension Estimation by Vibration Method[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2012,17(1):161-164.
[11]ZUI H,SHINKE T,HAMAZAKI Y.Improved Practical Formulas for Estimation of Cable Tension by Vibration Method[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1996,122(6):651-656.
[12]徐霞飞,任伟新.边界条件对吊索索力估算的影响[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2008,5(6):26-31.XU Xia-fei,REN Wei-xin.Effect of Boundary Conditions on the Estimation of Suspender Tension[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2008,5(6):26-31.
[13]苏成,徐郁峰,韩大建.频率法测量索力中的参数分析与索抗弯刚度的识别[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(5):75-78.SU Cheng,XU Yu-feng,HAN Da-jian.Parameter Analysis and Identification of Bending Stiffness of Cables During Tension Measurements by Frequency Method[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2005,22(5):75-78.
[14]KANGAS S,HCLMICKI A,HUNT V,et al.CableStayed Bridges:Case Study for Ambient Vibration-Based Cable Tension Estimation[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2012,17(6):839-846.
[15]王荣辉,薛礼建.矮塔斜拉桥索力测试方法研究[J].中外公路,2011,31(2):116-120.WANG Rong-hui,XUE Li-jian.Study on Test Method of Cable Tension of Low Tower Cable-stayed Bridge[J].Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2011,31(2):116-120.
[16]何伟,陈淮,王博,等.复杂边界条件下基于频率法的吊杆张力测定研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(3):93-98.HE Wei,CHEN Huai,WANG Bo,et al.Study of Suspender Tension Measurement Based on Frequency Method with Complex Boundary Conditions[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(3):93-98.
[17]李枝军,李爱群,缪长青,等.运营状态下南京长江二桥拉索索力测试与分析[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2007,37(6):1057-1060.LI Zhi-Jun,LI Ai-qun,MIAO Chang-qing,et al.Measurement and Analysis of Cable Tension in the Second Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge under Running Condition[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural Science Edition,2007,37(6):1057-1060.
[18]孙增寿,赵云鹏,秦磊.基于频率法的平行钢绞线索索力测试研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2014,11(3):17-22.SUN Zeng-shou,ZHAO Yun-peng,QIN Lei.Research of Tension Measurement of Parallel Steel Stranded Wire Cable Based on Frequency Method[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2014,11(3):17-22.