准格尔矿区露天矿开采扰动效应评价
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摘要
为了改善露天开采对矿山周边环境与生态造成的扰动破坏,基于绿色开采理念,从矿山开采技术考虑,提出了露天矿开采扰动指数的概念,建立了露天矿开采扰动效应评价理论,应用该理论对准格尔矿区黑岱沟、哈尔乌素露天矿2006—2015年开采扰动效应演化过程进行了研究。研究结果表明:2个露天矿近10年的开采扰动指数(SMDI)均大于零且基本呈逐年递增的趋势,表明2个露天矿通过应用多项绿色开采技术,增强了开采扰动正效应,减弱了开采扰动负效应,2个露天矿正向着绿色、协调、可持续的方向发展;同时也表明绿色开采技术对露天矿山生产的扰动补偿效应是显著的,开采扰动效应评价理论可为大型露天煤矿绿色开采指明方向。
In order to improve perturbation damage caused by opencast mining to the surrounding environment and ecology of mine,based on the green mining concept,from the mining technology itself to consider,the concept of disturbance index of open pit mining was put forward,the theory of disturbance assessment of open-pit mining was established.This theory was used to study the evolution process of the disturbance effect of Heidaigou and Ha'erwusu open-pit mines in 2006—2015.Research results showed the SMDI( Surface Mining Disturbance Index) of the two mines in the last 10 years were greater than zero and the trend was increasing year by year,it was shown that the two mines adopted a number of green mining techniques to enhance the positive effect of mining disturbance and weakened the negative effect of mining disturbance,the open pit was carrying in a green,coordinated and sustainable manner,it also showed that the green mining technology had significant effect on the disturbance of mine production,which can provide some reference for other large opencast coal mines.
In order to improve perturbation damage caused by opencast mining to the surrounding environment and ecology of mine,based on the green mining concept,from the mining technology itself to consider,the concept of disturbance index of open pit mining was put forward,the theory of disturbance assessment of open-pit mining was established.This theory was used to study the evolution process of the disturbance effect of Heidaigou and Ha'erwusu open-pit mines in 2006—2015.Research results showed the SMDI( Surface Mining Disturbance Index) of the two mines in the last 10 years were greater than zero and the trend was increasing year by year,it was shown that the two mines adopted a number of green mining techniques to enhance the positive effect of mining disturbance and weakened the negative effect of mining disturbance,the open pit was carrying in a green,coordinated and sustainable manner,it also showed that the green mining technology had significant effect on the disturbance of mine production,which can provide some reference for other large opencast coal mines.
引文
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[14]王忠鑫.矿体倾角对露天矿陡帮开采的影响分析[J].露天采矿技术,2012,27(5):22-24.WANG Zhongxin.Influence analysis of orebody dip angle to opencast steep slope mining[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2012,27(5):22-24.
[15]刘宇,林旭.组合台阶开采工艺在哈尔乌素露天煤矿的应用[J].露天采矿技术,2016,31(8):5-8.LIU Yu,LIN Xu.Application of combined bench mining technology in Ha'erwusu Open-pit Mine[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2016,31(8):5-8.
[16]周永利,罗怀廷.端帮陡帮开采技术在哈尔乌素露天煤矿的应用[J].煤炭工程,2015,48(3):11-14.ZHOU Yongli,LUO Huaiting.Application of steep end slope mining technology for Haerwusu Open-Pit Coal Mine[J].Coal Engineering,2015,48(3):11-14.
[17]黄甫,李克民,马力,等.基于靠帮开采的局部陡帮开采方式研究[J].金属矿山,2016(8):58-62.HUANG Fu,LI Kemin,MA Li,et al.Research on the local steep slope mining methods based on steep end-slope mining theory[J].Metal Mine,2016(8):58-62.
[18]孟庆武,舒继森,韩流.端帮靠帮开采稳定性分析与经济效益研究[J].金属矿山,2013(9):50-87.MENG Qingwu,SHU Jisen,HAN Liu.Research on the slope stability analysis and economic benefits of steep end-slope mining[J].Metal Mine,2013(9):50-87.
[19]钮景付,杨飞,周伟,等.哈尔乌素露天矿内排期间下部开拓运输系统优化[J].金属矿山,2014(7):17-21.NIU Jingfu,YANG Fei,ZHOU Wei,et al.Optimization of lower horizontal development and transport system during the internal drainage in Ha'erwusu Surface Mine[J].Metal Mine,2014(7):17-21.
[20]房健,昌珺.露天矿下部水平搭单桥适用范围分析[J].金属矿山,2016(2):21-25.FANG Jian,CHANG Jun.Analysis on the adaptability of single bridge at bottom of surface mine[J].Metal Mine,2016(2):21-25.
[21]SABMKAI W,SEKINE M,TOKUMURA M,et al.UV light photoFenton degradation of polyphones in oolong tea manufacturing wastewater[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health,2014,49(2):193-202.
[2]王建国,王来贵,纪玉石,等.大型露天煤矿绿色开采理论探讨[J].露天采矿技术,2015,30(1):1-3.WANG Jianguo,WANG Laigui,JI Yushi,et al.Discussion on green mining theory in large open-pit coal mine[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2015,30(1):1-3.
[3]XU Xiaochuan,GU Xiaowei,WANG Qing,et al.Ultimate pit optimization with ecological cost for open pit metal mines[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014,24(5):1531
[4]王青,胥孝川,顾晓薇,等.考虑生态成本的露天煤矿生产计划优化[J].金属矿山,2015(3):23-27.WANG Qing,XU Xiaochuan,GU Xiaowei,et al.Production scheduling optimization of open pit coal mines considering the ecological costs[J].Metal Mine,2015(3):23-27.
[5]白润才,白羽,刘光伟.浅谈露天煤矿环境问题及解决方法[J].露天采矿技术,2013,28(2):74-81.BAI Runcai,BAI Yu,LIU Guangwei.Preliminary discussion on open-pit mine environmental problems and solutions[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2013,28(2):74-81.
[6]王博,王晓光,付文林,等.扎哈淖尔矿区环境治理[J].露天采矿技术,2015(4):69-71.WANG Bo,WANG Xiaoguang,FU Wenlin,et al.Environment governance in Zhahanao'er mining area[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2015(4):69-71.
[7]王忠鑫,赵丹丹.戈壁背景环境下露天矿粉尘防治[J].露天采矿技术,2015,30(5):66-68.WANG Zhongxin,ZHAO Dandan.Open-pit mine dust prevention under gobi environment[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2015,30(5):66-68.
[8]胡树军,李利,王远.露天矿采场路面抑尘剂研制及性能表征[J].金属矿山,2013(1):129-133.HU Shujun,LI Li,WANG Yuan.Development and performance characterization of stope road dust-depressor in open-pit mine[J].Metal Mine,2013(1):129-133.
[9]郭二果,蔡煜,闫文慧,等.露天煤矿声环境影响后评估:以胜利一号露天矿为例[J].北方环境,2012(1):28-31.GUO Erguo,CAI Yi,YAN Wenhui,et al.Post project assessment of noise environment impact of the open-pit coal mine:taking Shengli No1 open-pit coal mine for example[J].Northern Environment,2012(1):28-31.
[10]王家臣,刘峰,王蕾.煤炭科学开采与开采科学[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(11):2651-2660.WANG Jiachen,LIU Feng,WANG Lei.Sustainable coal mining and mining sciences[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(11):2651-2660.
[11]石香江,李华,张超宇.资源开采环境代价核算理论方法及评价分区:以湖南省冷水江市为例[J].中国国土资源经济,2013(8):47-51.SHI Xiangjiang,LI Hua,ZHANG Chaoyu.Discussion on the theoretical method and assessment and division with regard to resource exploitation environmental cost accounting:taking the city of Lengshuijiang of Hunan province as an example[J].Natural Resource Economics of China,2013(8):47-51.
[12]李海东,沈渭寿,贾明,等.大型露天矿山生态破坏与环境污染损失的评估[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015(6):112-118.LI Donghai,SHEN Weishou,JIA Ming,et al.Economic losses assessment for ecological destruction and environmental pollution in large-scale opencast mine[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Science Edition,2015(6):112-118.
[13]张志,刘闯,薛应东,等.相邻露天矿境界重叠区边帮压煤协调开采技[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(9):91-95.ZHANG Zhi,LIU Chuang,XUE Yingdong,et al.Coordination mining technology of coal under side slopes in crossed limit area of two adjacent open pits[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(9):91-95.
[14]王忠鑫.矿体倾角对露天矿陡帮开采的影响分析[J].露天采矿技术,2012,27(5):22-24.WANG Zhongxin.Influence analysis of orebody dip angle to opencast steep slope mining[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2012,27(5):22-24.
[15]刘宇,林旭.组合台阶开采工艺在哈尔乌素露天煤矿的应用[J].露天采矿技术,2016,31(8):5-8.LIU Yu,LIN Xu.Application of combined bench mining technology in Ha'erwusu Open-pit Mine[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2016,31(8):5-8.
[16]周永利,罗怀廷.端帮陡帮开采技术在哈尔乌素露天煤矿的应用[J].煤炭工程,2015,48(3):11-14.ZHOU Yongli,LUO Huaiting.Application of steep end slope mining technology for Haerwusu Open-Pit Coal Mine[J].Coal Engineering,2015,48(3):11-14.
[17]黄甫,李克民,马力,等.基于靠帮开采的局部陡帮开采方式研究[J].金属矿山,2016(8):58-62.HUANG Fu,LI Kemin,MA Li,et al.Research on the local steep slope mining methods based on steep end-slope mining theory[J].Metal Mine,2016(8):58-62.
[18]孟庆武,舒继森,韩流.端帮靠帮开采稳定性分析与经济效益研究[J].金属矿山,2013(9):50-87.MENG Qingwu,SHU Jisen,HAN Liu.Research on the slope stability analysis and economic benefits of steep end-slope mining[J].Metal Mine,2013(9):50-87.
[19]钮景付,杨飞,周伟,等.哈尔乌素露天矿内排期间下部开拓运输系统优化[J].金属矿山,2014(7):17-21.NIU Jingfu,YANG Fei,ZHOU Wei,et al.Optimization of lower horizontal development and transport system during the internal drainage in Ha'erwusu Surface Mine[J].Metal Mine,2014(7):17-21.
[20]房健,昌珺.露天矿下部水平搭单桥适用范围分析[J].金属矿山,2016(2):21-25.FANG Jian,CHANG Jun.Analysis on the adaptability of single bridge at bottom of surface mine[J].Metal Mine,2016(2):21-25.
[21]SABMKAI W,SEKINE M,TOKUMURA M,et al.UV light photoFenton degradation of polyphones in oolong tea manufacturing wastewater[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health,2014,49(2):193-202.