魔芋低聚糖缓解高糖水平诱发的大鼠代谢综合征及相关机制
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摘要
本实验以雄性SD大鼠为研究对象,通过尾静脉注射链脲佐菌素建立糖尿病模型,研究魔芋低聚糖对糖尿病大鼠血糖浓度、血清脂质组成和氧化应激水平及相关机制的影响。结果表明:与糖尿病模型组相比,魔芋低聚糖干预组大鼠的空腹血糖浓度和血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度均显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度、总抗氧化能力及胰岛素分泌水平显著升高(P<0.05)。对参与糖脂代谢和氧化应激途径的基因分析表明,糖原合成相关基因谷氨酰胺合成酶2、糖原蛋白1基因,胰岛素诱导相关基因Insig1、Insig2,氧化应激相关基因Hmox1、表皮生长因子受体基因均显著上调(P<0.05);糖异生相关基因葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶1基因,甘油三酯合成相关基因,固醇调节元件结合蛋白基因,脂肪酸合成相关基因ACC、FAS,氧化应激相关基因,胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1基因均显著下调(P<0.05)。综上,魔芋低聚糖可降低糖尿病大鼠血糖水平,改善糖脂代谢紊乱,抑制糖尿病引起的机体氧化应激损伤,增强机体的抗氧化能力。
In this study,SD male rats were employed to establish a diabetic animal model by tail vein injection of streptozotocin in an effort to explore the effect of konjac oligosaccharides(KOS) on blood glucose,serum lipid composition and oxidative stress levels and to clarify the underlying mechanism.The results showed that compared with the diabetic model group,fasting blood glucose,and the serum levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol,and low density lipoprotein were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),serum high density lipoprotein,total antioxidant capacity and insulin(INS)secretion level were significantly improved in the KOS intervention group(P<0.05).The analysis of the genes involved in glycolipid metabolism and oxidative stress pathways revealed that the expression levels of glycogen synthesis-related gene glutamine synthetase 2,insulin-induced genes Insig1 and Insig2,oxidative stress-related gene Hmox1 and epidermal growth factor receptor gene were significantly up-regulated(P<0.05).In contrast,the expression of gluconeogenesis-related gene glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1,triglyceride synthesis-related gene,sterol regulatory element binding protein-1,fatty acid synthesis-related genes ACC and FAS,oxidative stress-related genes and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 were greatly down-regulated in the KOS intervention group(P<0.05).We concluded that KOS can regulate blood glucose and glycolipid metabolism,and inhibit oxidative stress induced by diabetes mellitus,and enhance antioxidant capacity in the body.
In this study,SD male rats were employed to establish a diabetic animal model by tail vein injection of streptozotocin in an effort to explore the effect of konjac oligosaccharides(KOS) on blood glucose,serum lipid composition and oxidative stress levels and to clarify the underlying mechanism.The results showed that compared with the diabetic model group,fasting blood glucose,and the serum levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol,and low density lipoprotein were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),serum high density lipoprotein,total antioxidant capacity and insulin(INS)secretion level were significantly improved in the KOS intervention group(P<0.05).The analysis of the genes involved in glycolipid metabolism and oxidative stress pathways revealed that the expression levels of glycogen synthesis-related gene glutamine synthetase 2,insulin-induced genes Insig1 and Insig2,oxidative stress-related gene Hmox1 and epidermal growth factor receptor gene were significantly up-regulated(P<0.05).In contrast,the expression of gluconeogenesis-related gene glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1,triglyceride synthesis-related gene,sterol regulatory element binding protein-1,fatty acid synthesis-related genes ACC and FAS,oxidative stress-related genes and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 were greatly down-regulated in the KOS intervention group(P<0.05).We concluded that KOS can regulate blood glucose and glycolipid metabolism,and inhibit oxidative stress induced by diabetes mellitus,and enhance antioxidant capacity in the body.
引文
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[29]董光龙,贾同文,王为忠,等.表皮生长因子增强TPN对放射性肠炎大鼠EGFR及其基因表达的影响[J].肠外与肠内营养,1997,4(4):205-208;241.
[30]姜德友,刘春红,杨天悦,等.糖心糠对糖尿病大鼠心肌组织基因Igfbp-3 m RNA表达的影响[J].辽宁中医杂志,2009,36(5):699-700.DOI:10.13192/j.ljtcm.2009.05.30.jiangdy.063.
[2]吴涛,黄云霞,张民.葡萄籽原花青素的体内降血糖作用研究[J].现代食品科技,2016,32(8):42-47.DOI:10.13982/j.mfst.1673-9078.2016.8.007.
[3]姚雪,韩本超.不同分子量魔芋葡甘露低聚糖的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2 0 1 2,3 3(8):416-419.DOI:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2012.08.042.
[4]CHANG Y T,CHEN Y S,LIN K T,et al.Characteristics of galactomannanase for degrading konjac gel[J].Journal of Molecular Catalysis B:Enzymatic,2007,43(1/2/3/4):153-157.DOI:10.1016/j.molcatb.2006.07.012.
[5]MAEDA M,SHIMAHARA H,SUGIYAMA N.Detailed examination of the branched structure of konjac glucomannan[J].Agriculture and Biological Chemistry,1980,38:315-321.DOI:10.1080/00021369.1980.10863939.
[6]CESCUTTIP.Structure of the oligomersobtained by enzymatichydrolysis of the glucomannan produced by the plant Amorphophallus konjac[J].Carbohydrate Research,2002,337(24):2505-2511.DOI:10.1016/S0008-6215(02)00332-4.
[7]KOBAYASHI S,TSUJIHATA S,HIBI N,et al.Preparation and rheological characterization of carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan[J].Food Hydrocolloids,2002,16(4):289-294.DOI:10.1016/S0268-005X(01)00101-1.
[8]陈秀敏,傅德贤,欧阳藩.魔芋葡甘露聚糖的应用研究进展[J].中国生化药物杂志,2001,22(6):318-320.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-1678.2001.06.021.
[9]杨艳燕,李小明,李顺意,等.魔芋低聚糖对小鼠血糖含量和抗氧化能力的影响[J].中草药,2001,32(2):142-144.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0253-2670.2001.02.024.
[10]刘瑞雪,李勇超,张波.魔芋低聚糖对结肠炎大鼠肠道菌群的影响[J].中国食品学报,2017,17(6):53-59.DOI:10.16429/j.1009-7848.2017.06.007.
[11]周中凯,赵亚丽,杨星月.魔芋低聚糖对高脂饮食小鼠的脂代谢的影响[J].食品科学,2019,40(1):149-154.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20170627-388.
[12]张汝学,贾正平,刘景龙,等.地黄寡糖对2型糖尿病大鼠肝脏糖代谢关键酶活性及基因表达的影响[J].中草药,2012,43(2):316-320.
[13]王晓凤.荞麦壳中活性物质对体内外糖脂代谢影响研究[D].天津:天津科技大学,2016:33-50.
[14]ZHOU Z K,WANG F.Resistant starch manipulated hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2015,75:316-321.DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.052.
[15]WUSA M,WILSON O H,ADEBAYO A B,et al.Therapeutic effects of balanitoside in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats[J].Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences,2018,2018:1-5.DOI:10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.01.001.
[16]LIVAK K J,SCHMITTGEN T D.Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-△△CT method[J].Methods,2001,25(4):402-408.DOI:10.1006/meth.2001.1262.
[17]房殿亮.Insig-1/SCAP/SREBP-1c通路对内质网应激下肝细胞脂质代谢的影响[D].重庆:重庆医科大学,2013:52-63.
[18]LAI Y S,CHEN W C,HO C T,et al.Garlic essential oil protects against obesity-triggered nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through modulation of lipidmetabolism and oxidative stress[J].Agriculture and Biological Chemistry,2014,62(25):5897-5906.DOI:10.1021/jf500803c.
[19]CHEN H L,CHENG H C,WU W T,et al.Supplementation of konjac glucomannan into a low fiber Chinese diet promoted bowel movement and improved colonic ecology in constipated adults:aplacebocontrolled,diet-controlled trial[J].Journal of the American College of Nutrition,2008,27(1):102-108.DOI:10.1080/07315724.2008.10719681.
[20]JUNG J H,KIM H S.The inhibitory effect of black soybean on hepatic cholesterol accumulation in high cholesterol and high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2013,60:404-412.DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.048.
[21]RAHIMI R,NIKFAR S,LARIJANI B,et al.A review on the role of antioxidants in the management of diabetes and its complications[J].Biomedicine&Pharmacotherapy,2005,59(7):365-373.DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2005.07.002.
[22]SI X,ZHOU Z K.Enhanced anti-obesity effects of complex of resistant starch and chitosan in high fat diet fed rats[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2017,157:834-841.DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.042.
[23]KRAPIVNER S,CHERNOGUBOVA E,ERICSSON M,et al.Human evidence for the involvement of insulin-induced gene 1 in the regulation of plasma glucose concentration[J].Diabetologia,2007,50(1):94-102.DOI:10.1007/s00125-006-0479-x.
[24]GOLDSTEIN J L,DEBOSE-BOYD R A,BROWN M S.Protein sensors for membrane sterols[J].Cell,2006,124(1):35-46.DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2005.12.022.
[25]ESPENSHADE P J,HUGHES A L.Regulation of sterol synthesis in eukaryotes[J].Annual Review of Genetics,2007,41:401-427.DOI:10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130315.
[26]HERBERT A,GERRY N P,MCQUEEN M B,et al.A common genetic variant is associated with adult and childhood obesity[J].Science,2006,312:279-283.DOI:10.1126/science.1124779.
[27]HORTON J D,GOLDSTEIN J L,BROWN M S.SREBPs:activators of the complete program of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in the liver[J].Journal of Clinical Investigation,2002,109(9):1125-1131.DOI:10.1172/JCI200215593.
[28]YANG T,ESPENSHADE P J,WRIGHT M E,et al.Crucial step in cholesterol homeostasis:sterols promote binding of SCAP to INSIG-1,a membrane protein that facilitates retention of SREBPs in ER[J].Cell Metabolism,2002,110(4):489-500.DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00872-3.
[29]董光龙,贾同文,王为忠,等.表皮生长因子增强TPN对放射性肠炎大鼠EGFR及其基因表达的影响[J].肠外与肠内营养,1997,4(4):205-208;241.
[30]姜德友,刘春红,杨天悦,等.糖心糠对糖尿病大鼠心肌组织基因Igfbp-3 m RNA表达的影响[J].辽宁中医杂志,2009,36(5):699-700.DOI:10.13192/j.ljtcm.2009.05.30.jiangdy.063.