响应面法优化芫根皂苷超声提取工艺
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摘要
目的采用响应面法优化芫根总皂苷超声提取工艺。方法以芫根皂苷提取率为指标,在单因素实验基础上运用Box-Behnken响应面法设计以超声时间、提取温度、液料比3因素3水平的提取实验方案,按方案进行芫根皂苷提取实验,以响应面分析法(response surface methodology,RSM)对实验数据进行拟合分析,建立相应的数学回归模型,并进行方差分析,分析推导出芫根皂苷超声辅助提取最佳提取条件。结果超声提取芫根皂苷的最优工艺条件为:提取温度61.4℃,液料比22.82:1(m:V),提取时间35.96min,皂苷提取率为0.3691%。为简化操作,按提取温度61℃,液料比22:1(m:V),提取时间36min进行3次平行实验,芫根皂苷提取率为0.3635%,与模型预测值0.3691%相差较小。结论实验所确定的最优条件方便、可行。
Objective To optimize the ultrasonic extraction technology of saponins from Brassica rapa L. by response surface methodology. Methods Taking the extraction rate of saponin as the index, based on the single factor experiment, the Box-Behnken response surface methodology(RSM) was used to design the experimental scheme with 3 factors(ultrasonic time, extraction temperature and liquid-material ratio) and 3 levels. The extraction experiment was carried out according to the scheme. The experimental data was analyzed by RSM, the corresponding mathematical regression model was established, and the variance analysis was carried out. The optimal extraction conditions for ultrasonic extraction of Brassica rapa L. saponins were determined. Results The optimal extraction conditions for ultrasonic extraction of Brassica rapa L. saponins were as follows: extraction temperature was 61.4 ℃,liquid-material ratio was 22.82:1(m:V), extraction time was 35.96 min, and the extraction rate of saponin was 0.3691%. In order to simplify the operation, 3 parallel experiments were carried out according to the extraction temperature of 61 ℃, the liquid-material ratio of 22:1(m:V), and the extraction time of 36 min, the extraction rate of saponin was 0.3635%, which was less than the model prediction value of 0.3691%. Conclusion This optimal conditions determined by the experiment are convenient and feasible.
Objective To optimize the ultrasonic extraction technology of saponins from Brassica rapa L. by response surface methodology. Methods Taking the extraction rate of saponin as the index, based on the single factor experiment, the Box-Behnken response surface methodology(RSM) was used to design the experimental scheme with 3 factors(ultrasonic time, extraction temperature and liquid-material ratio) and 3 levels. The extraction experiment was carried out according to the scheme. The experimental data was analyzed by RSM, the corresponding mathematical regression model was established, and the variance analysis was carried out. The optimal extraction conditions for ultrasonic extraction of Brassica rapa L. saponins were determined. Results The optimal extraction conditions for ultrasonic extraction of Brassica rapa L. saponins were as follows: extraction temperature was 61.4 ℃,liquid-material ratio was 22.82:1(m:V), extraction time was 35.96 min, and the extraction rate of saponin was 0.3691%. In order to simplify the operation, 3 parallel experiments were carried out according to the extraction temperature of 61 ℃, the liquid-material ratio of 22:1(m:V), and the extraction time of 36 min, the extraction rate of saponin was 0.3635%, which was less than the model prediction value of 0.3691%. Conclusion This optimal conditions determined by the experiment are convenient and feasible.
引文
[1]杨保求,马飞军,蒲云峰.新疆芜菁皂苷的体内抗氧化活性研究[J].食品研究与开发,2016,37(16):6-10.Yang BQ,Ma FJ,Pu YF.In vivo antioxidant activity of saponins extracted from Brassica campestris L.[J].Food Res Dev,2016,37(16):6-10.
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[7]楚秉泉,李云虹,龚金炎,等.西藏芜菁改善运动员低氧耐受性的人体试验[J].中国食品学报,2018,18(8):62-71.Chu BQ,Li YH,Gong JY,et al.Human trials of Tibetan turnip on promoting athletes'tolerant ability to hypoxia[J].J Chin Inst Food Sci Technol,2018,18(8):62-71.
[8]张谦筱,安熙强,白利平,等.恰玛古多糖的抗氧化功能及其片剂的制备工艺[J].食品安全质量检测学报.2017,8(6):2079-2085.Zhang QX,An XQ,Bai LP,et al.Antioxidant function of Brassica rapa L.polysaccharide and processing technology of its tablet[J].J Food Saf Qual,2017,8(6):2079-2085.
[9]邝婷婷,王宇,王张,等.藏药蔓菁膏抗缺氧作用的量-效/毒关系及质量标准研究[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(4):597-602.Kuang TT,Wang Y,Wang Z,et al.Studies on dosage-efficacy/toxicity relationship of anti-hypoxia effects and quality standard of Tibetan medicine Brassicea radix extract[J].China J Chin Mater Med,2016,41(4):597-602.
[10]Cheok CY,Salman HAK,Sulaiman R.Extraction and quantification of saponins:A review[J].Food Res Int,2014,59(4):16-40.
[11]王廷璞,赵强,袁建军.响应面法优化苦荞壳中总黄酮的提取工艺[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2014,5(6):1629-1640.Wang TP,Zhao Q,Yuan JJ.Optimization of technology for extracting total flavonoids from tartary buckwheat shell by response surface methodology[J].J Food Saf Qual,2014,5(6):1629-1640.
[12]杨玲玲,蒋思萍,包善飞,等.西藏芫根总皂苷减肥作用研究[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2013,50(6):1385-1390.Yang LL,Jiang SP,Bao SF,et al.The anti-obesity activity of total saponins from Brassica rapa L.[J].J Sichuan Univ(Nat Sci Ed),2013,50(6):1385-1390.
[13]蒋卉,孟庆艳,蒲云峰.响应面法优化芜菁皂苷提取工艺的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2015,(12):41-44.Jiang H,Meng QY,Pu YF.Study on optimum extraction process of saponins from Brassica campestris L.(syn.B.rapa.L.)by response surface methodology[J].Food Res Dev,2015,(12):41-44.
[14]Pandey A,Belwal T,Sekar KC,et al.Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction(UAE)of phenolics and antioxidant compounds from rhizomes of rheum moorcroftianum using response surface methodology(RSM)[J].Ind Crops Prod,2018,119:218-225.
[15]Favre LC,Santos CD,López-Fernández MP,et al.Optimization ofβ-cyclodextrin-based extraction of antioxidant and anti-browning activities from thyme leaves by response surface methodology[J].Food Chem,2018,265:86-95.
[16]Bilgin M,Elhussein EAA,?zyürek M,et al.Optimizing the extraction of polyphenols from Sideritis montana L.using response surface methodology[J].J Pharm Biomed Anal,2018,158:137-143.
[17]Qadir R,Anwar F,Batool F,et al.Enzyme-assisted extraction of Momordica balsamina L.fruit phenolics:Process optimized by response surface methodology[J].J Food Meas Charact,2019,13(1):697-706.
[18]Chen S,Zeng Z,Hu N,et al.Simultaneous optimization of the ultrasound-assisted extraction for phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.fruit using response surface methodology[J].Food Chem,2018,242:1-8.
[2]李雅双,连路宁,刘杰,等.芜菁多糖提取工艺及清除自由基活性的研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2014,40(5):235-240.Li YS,Lian LN,Liu J,et al.Extraction optimization and radical scavenging activity of the polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L.[J].Food Ferment Ind,2014,40(5):235-240.
[3]孙莲,张丽静,符继红,等.GC-MS分析新疆芜菁子中挥发油的化学成分[J].华西药学杂志,2007,(4):374-375.Sun L,Zhang LJ,Fu JH,et al.Chemical components of the essential oil from the seeds of Brassica rapa L.by GC-MS[J].West China J Pharm Sci,2007,(4):374-375.
[4]陈志鹃,蒋思萍,冯成,等.芫根总皂苷对饮食诱导肥胖大鼠减肥降脂机制研究[J].四川动物,2014,33(2):279-282.Chen ZJ,Jiang SP,Feng C,et al.Anti-obesity and hypolipidemic mechanism of total saponins from Brassica rapa L.in high-fat diet induced obese rats[J].Sichuan J Zool,2014,33(2):279-282.
[5]杨保求,唐琪,蒲云峰.恰玛古皂苷的提取及清除自由基活性的研究[J].中国果菜,2015,35(10):18-21.Yang BQ,Tang Q,Pu YF.Study on free radical scavenging activity of saponins from Brassica campestis L.[J].China Fruit Veg,2015,35(10):18-21.
[6]Ryu JP,Kim DC,In MJ,et al.Antioxidant potential of eth-anol extract of Brassica rapa L.root[J].J Med Plant Res,2012,6(9):1581-1584.
[7]楚秉泉,李云虹,龚金炎,等.西藏芜菁改善运动员低氧耐受性的人体试验[J].中国食品学报,2018,18(8):62-71.Chu BQ,Li YH,Gong JY,et al.Human trials of Tibetan turnip on promoting athletes'tolerant ability to hypoxia[J].J Chin Inst Food Sci Technol,2018,18(8):62-71.
[8]张谦筱,安熙强,白利平,等.恰玛古多糖的抗氧化功能及其片剂的制备工艺[J].食品安全质量检测学报.2017,8(6):2079-2085.Zhang QX,An XQ,Bai LP,et al.Antioxidant function of Brassica rapa L.polysaccharide and processing technology of its tablet[J].J Food Saf Qual,2017,8(6):2079-2085.
[9]邝婷婷,王宇,王张,等.藏药蔓菁膏抗缺氧作用的量-效/毒关系及质量标准研究[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(4):597-602.Kuang TT,Wang Y,Wang Z,et al.Studies on dosage-efficacy/toxicity relationship of anti-hypoxia effects and quality standard of Tibetan medicine Brassicea radix extract[J].China J Chin Mater Med,2016,41(4):597-602.
[10]Cheok CY,Salman HAK,Sulaiman R.Extraction and quantification of saponins:A review[J].Food Res Int,2014,59(4):16-40.
[11]王廷璞,赵强,袁建军.响应面法优化苦荞壳中总黄酮的提取工艺[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2014,5(6):1629-1640.Wang TP,Zhao Q,Yuan JJ.Optimization of technology for extracting total flavonoids from tartary buckwheat shell by response surface methodology[J].J Food Saf Qual,2014,5(6):1629-1640.
[12]杨玲玲,蒋思萍,包善飞,等.西藏芫根总皂苷减肥作用研究[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2013,50(6):1385-1390.Yang LL,Jiang SP,Bao SF,et al.The anti-obesity activity of total saponins from Brassica rapa L.[J].J Sichuan Univ(Nat Sci Ed),2013,50(6):1385-1390.
[13]蒋卉,孟庆艳,蒲云峰.响应面法优化芜菁皂苷提取工艺的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2015,(12):41-44.Jiang H,Meng QY,Pu YF.Study on optimum extraction process of saponins from Brassica campestris L.(syn.B.rapa.L.)by response surface methodology[J].Food Res Dev,2015,(12):41-44.
[14]Pandey A,Belwal T,Sekar KC,et al.Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction(UAE)of phenolics and antioxidant compounds from rhizomes of rheum moorcroftianum using response surface methodology(RSM)[J].Ind Crops Prod,2018,119:218-225.
[15]Favre LC,Santos CD,López-Fernández MP,et al.Optimization ofβ-cyclodextrin-based extraction of antioxidant and anti-browning activities from thyme leaves by response surface methodology[J].Food Chem,2018,265:86-95.
[16]Bilgin M,Elhussein EAA,?zyürek M,et al.Optimizing the extraction of polyphenols from Sideritis montana L.using response surface methodology[J].J Pharm Biomed Anal,2018,158:137-143.
[17]Qadir R,Anwar F,Batool F,et al.Enzyme-assisted extraction of Momordica balsamina L.fruit phenolics:Process optimized by response surface methodology[J].J Food Meas Charact,2019,13(1):697-706.
[18]Chen S,Zeng Z,Hu N,et al.Simultaneous optimization of the ultrasound-assisted extraction for phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.fruit using response surface methodology[J].Food Chem,2018,242:1-8.