施用餐厨垃圾调理剂对果园土壤有机碳组分的影响
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摘要
为研究施用餐厨垃圾调理剂对土壤有机碳组分的影响,以果园土壤为研究对象,从时间、空间维度解析长期施用餐厨垃圾调理剂对土壤有机碳积累、组成及其分布规律的影响,结合CPMI(碳库管理指数)和相关性分析,揭示施用餐厨垃圾调理剂对土壤碳汇的影响机制.结果表明,施用餐厨垃圾调理剂可显著提高土壤中w(TOC)(TOC为总有机碳),并随施用时间的增加逐渐向深层土壤迁移,改善TOC分布状况.随着施用餐厨垃圾调理剂时间的增加,0～20 cm土壤层中w(NOC)(NOC为非活性有机碳)和30～40 cm土壤层中w(AOC)(AOC为活性有机碳)呈增加趋势,AOC分配比例低于NOC分配比例.随着施用时间的增长,0～30 cm土壤层中w(POC)(POC为颗粒有机碳)显著提高,最大值为42. 94 mg/g,MOC(矿质结合态有机碳)分配比例与POC分配比例呈相反变化趋势,有利于提高土壤碳稳定性.各土壤层中CPMI均大于空白对照组,最大值为154. 437,表明施用餐厨垃圾调理剂有利于提升土壤肥力.相关性分析表明,w(POC)与p H呈负相关,与含水率、EC(电导率)、w(OM)(OM为有机质)呈正相关,其中与含水率相关性最高(R=0. 91).可见,长期施用餐厨垃圾调理剂对提高果园土壤碳汇、改善土壤肥力具有重要意义,研究结果有助于进一步提升土壤碳汇的新型土壤调理剂的研发与应用.
In order to study the influence of long-term application of food waste soil conditioner on soil organic carbon sink,the orchard soil organic carbon accumulation,composition and distribution were analyzed. Under the CPMI( carbon pool management index) and correlation analysis,the mechanisms of soil carbon sink were revealed. The results show that the application of the food waste soil conditioner significantly improved the w( TOC)( TOC represents total organic carbon) and migration of TOC from surface to deep orchard soil. The w( NOC)( NOC represents non-active organic carbon) in the 0-20 cm surface soil and w( AOC)( AOC represents active organic carbon) in the 30-40 cm deep soil increased over time,and distribution proportion of AOC was lower than that of the NOC. With the longterm application of food waste soil conditioner,the w( POC)( POC represents particulate organic carbon) was significantly improved in the 0-30 cm soil,with a maximum of 42. 94 mg/g,and the distribution proportion of MOC( mineral-associated organic carbon) and POC showed opposite tendency,indicating that food waste soil conditioner application had the potential to accumulate and stabilize the soil organic carbon. Under food waste soil conditioner application,the CPMI were better than that of the blank group,with a maximum of154. 437,which indicating that food waste soil conditioner application was conducive to improving soil fertility. The correlation analysis observed that the correlation of w( POC) with p H was negative,while the correlations of moisture content,electrical conductivity( EC)and w( OM)( OM represents organic matter) were positive,with the highest correlation with moisture content( R = 0. 91). Overall,the results indicated that the long-term application of food waste soil conditioner played a critical role in improving orchard soil carbon stability and fertility. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of new soil conditioners and application on soil carbon sink.
In order to study the influence of long-term application of food waste soil conditioner on soil organic carbon sink,the orchard soil organic carbon accumulation,composition and distribution were analyzed. Under the CPMI( carbon pool management index) and correlation analysis,the mechanisms of soil carbon sink were revealed. The results show that the application of the food waste soil conditioner significantly improved the w( TOC)( TOC represents total organic carbon) and migration of TOC from surface to deep orchard soil. The w( NOC)( NOC represents non-active organic carbon) in the 0-20 cm surface soil and w( AOC)( AOC represents active organic carbon) in the 30-40 cm deep soil increased over time,and distribution proportion of AOC was lower than that of the NOC. With the longterm application of food waste soil conditioner,the w( POC)( POC represents particulate organic carbon) was significantly improved in the 0-30 cm soil,with a maximum of 42. 94 mg/g,and the distribution proportion of MOC( mineral-associated organic carbon) and POC showed opposite tendency,indicating that food waste soil conditioner application had the potential to accumulate and stabilize the soil organic carbon. Under food waste soil conditioner application,the CPMI were better than that of the blank group,with a maximum of154. 437,which indicating that food waste soil conditioner application was conducive to improving soil fertility. The correlation analysis observed that the correlation of w( POC) with p H was negative,while the correlations of moisture content,electrical conductivity( EC)and w( OM)( OM represents organic matter) were positive,with the highest correlation with moisture content( R = 0. 91). Overall,the results indicated that the long-term application of food waste soil conditioner played a critical role in improving orchard soil carbon stability and fertility. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of new soil conditioners and application on soil carbon sink.
引文
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[13]LEFROY R D B,BLAIR G J,STRONG W M.Changes in soil organic matter with cropping as measured by organic carbon fractions and13C natural isotope abundance[J].Plant&Soil,1993,155/156(1):399-402.
[14]ZELLER B,DAMBRINE E.Coarse particulate organic matter is the primary source of mineral N in the topsoil of three beech forests[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2011,43(3):542-550.
[15]ROMANIW J,SJ C D M,PADILHA A A,et al.Carbon dynamics in no-till soil due to the use of industrial organic waste and mineral fertilizer[J].Revista Ciencia Agronomica,2015,46(3):477-487.
[16]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:12-289.
[17]吴才武,夏建新,段峥嵘.土壤有机质测定方法述评与展望[J].土壤,2015,47(3):453-460.WU Caiwu,XIA Jianxin,DUAN Zhengrong.Review on detection methods of soil organic matter(SOM)[J].Soils,2015,47(3):453-460.
[18]李国傲,陈雪,孙建伶,等.土壤有机碳含量测定方法评述及最新研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(5):22-26.
[19]张俊华,李国栋,王岩松,等.黑河中游典型土地利用方式下土壤有机碳与活性和非活性组分的关系[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(12):3273-3280.ZHANG Junhua,LI Guodong,WANG Yansong,et al.Relationships of soil organic carbon with its active and non-active components under different land use types in the middle reaches of Heihe River,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(12):3273-3280.
[20]CAMBARDELLA C A,ELLIOTT E T.Particulate soil organicmatter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1992,56(3):777-783.
[21]WANG Q,ZHANG P J,LIU M,et al.Mineral-associated organic carbon and black carbon in restored wetlands[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2014,75:300-309.
[22]张亚杰,钱慧慧,刘坤平,等.施肥对玉米/大豆套作土壤活性有机碳组分及碳库管理指数的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2016,37(3):29-36.ZHANG Yajie,QIAN Huihui,LIU Kunping,et al.Effect of fertilization on soil active organic carbon and carbon pool management index under maize/soybean intercropping condition[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2016,37(3):29-36.
[23]辛芝红,李君剑,赵小娜,等.煤矿区不同复垦年限的土壤有机碳矿化和酶活性特征[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(10):1580-1586.XIN Zhihong,LI Junjian,ZHAO Xiaona,et al.Characteristics of soil organic carbon mineralization and enzyme activities in coal mining area after different reclamation times[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2017,30(10):1580-1586.
[24]CHEN C P,JUANG K W,CHENG C H,et al.Effects of adjacent land-use types on the distribution of soil organic carbon stocks in the montane area of Central Taiwan[J].Botanical Studies,2016,57(1):32.
[25]CHENG Liang,JIANG Bing,YUAN Qiu,et al.Dynamic relationship between biologically active soil organic carbon and aggregate stability in long-termorganically fertilized soils[J].Pedosphere,2012,22(5):616-622.
[26]XU M,LOU Y,SUN X,et al.Soil organic carbon active fractions as early indicators for total carbon change under straw incorporation[J].Biology&Fertility of Soils,2011,47(7):745-752.
[27]MRABET R,SABER N,EL-BRAHLI A,et al.Total,particulate organic matter and structural stability of a Calcixeroll soil under different wheat rotations and tillage systems in a semiarid area of Morocco[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2001,57(4):225-235.
[28]PARTON W J,SCURLOCK J M O,OJIMA D S,et al.Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,1993,7(4):785-809.
[29]CONANT R T,SIX J,PAUSTIAN K.Land use effects on soil carbon fractions in the southeastern United States.I:management-intensive versus extensive grazing[J].Biology&Fertility of Soils,2003,38(6):386-392.
[30]BAJGAI Y,KRISTIANSEN P,HULUGALLE N,et al.Particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon fractions as influenced by corn residue incorporation and simulated tillage[EB/OL].Armidale:Ⅰ.Yunusa,2015[2018-04-18].http://www.regional.org.au/au/asa/2012/climate-cchange/8063_bajgaiy.htm.
[31]赵媛媛,裴元生,向仁军,等.施用给水厂残泥对南北方不同类型农田土壤质量的影响[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(10):1497-1505.ZHAO Yuanyuan,PEI Yuansheng,XIANG Renjun,et al.Effects of drinking water treatment residuals on the quality of different soils from southern and northern agricultural regions[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(10):1497-1505.
[32]张大定,曹云者,汪群慧,等.土壤理化性质对污染场地环境风险不确定性的影响[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(5):526-532.ZHANG Dading,CAO Yunzhe,WANG Qunhui,et al.Effects of soil physical-chemical properties on risk uncertainty in a contaminated site[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2012,25(5):526-532.
[33]MU C,ZHANG T,ZHANG X,et al.Controls on the distribution of the soil organic matter in mountain permafrost regions on the North Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Cryosphere Discussions,2016,65(10):1-19.
[34]袁颖红,李辉信,黄欠如,等.长期施肥对水稻土颗粒有机碳和矿物结合态有机碳的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(1):353-360.YUAN Yinghong,LI Huixin,HUANG Qianru,et al.Effects of longterm fertilization on particulate organic carbon and mineral organic carbon of the paddy soil[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(1):353-360.
[35]王朔林,王改兰,赵旭,等.长期施肥对栗褐土有机碳含量及其组分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):104-111.WANG Shuolin,WANG Gailan,ZHAO Xu,et al.Effect of long-term fertilization on organic carbon fractions and contents of cinnamon soil[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2015,21(1):104-111.
[36]邹文秀,梁尧,郝翔翔,等.黑土颗粒有机碳和氮含量对有机肥剂量响应的定量关系[J].土壤,2016(3):442-448.ZOU Wenxiu,LIANG Yao,HAO Xiangxiang,et al.Effect of longterm application of organic manure in different amounts on the distribution of particulate organic matter and the contents of carbon and nitrogen in a mollisol[J].Soils,2016(3):442-448.
[2]赵永存,徐胜祥,王美艳,等.中国农田土壤固碳潜力与速率:认识、挑战与研究建议[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(2):191-197.ZHAO Yongcun,XU Shengxiang,WANG Meiyan,et al.Sequestration potential in Chinese cropland soils:review,challenge,and research suggestions[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018,33(2):191-197.
[3]徐明岗,卢昌艾,张文菊,等.我国耕地质量状况与提升对策[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(7):8-14.XU Minggang,LU Chang'ai,ZHANG Wenju,et al.Situation of the quality of arable land in China and improvement strategy[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2016,37(7):8-14.
[4]HAHN A S,QUIDEAU S A.Long-term effects of organic amendments on the recovery of plant and soil microbial communities following disturbance in the Canadian boreal forest[J].Plant&Soil,2013,363(1/2):331-344.
[5]HUANG Q H,DAMING L I,LIU K L,et al.Effects of long-term organic amendments on soil organic carbon in a paddy field a case study on red soil[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2014,13(3):570-576.
[6]EMAMI H,ASTARAEI A R.Effect of organic and inorganic amendments on parameters of water retention curve,bulk density and aggregate diameter of a saline-sodic soil[J].Journal of Agricultural Science&Technology,2018,14(3):1625-1636.
[7]ROZPARA E,PAS'KO M,BIELICKI P,et al.Influence of various bio-fertilizers on the growth and fruiting of‘Ariwa’apple trees growing in an organic orchard[J].Journal of Research&Applications in Agricultural Engineering,2014,59(4):65-68.
[8]GLAZUNOV D M,KURYNTSEVA P A,SELIVANOVSKAYA S Y,et al.Assessing the potential of using biochar as a soil conditioner[C]//GLAZUNOV D M.IOP Conference Series.England:Earth and Environmental Science,2018:12-59.
[9]MARCHI E C S,MARCHI G,SILVA C A,et al.Lettuce growth characteristics as affected by fertilizers,liming,and a soil conditioner[J].Journal of Horticulture and Forestry,2015,7(3):65-72.
[10]DE C D,WEN Z,FAN F.Performance evaluation of restaurant food waste and biowaste to biogas pilot projects in China and implications for national policy[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017,189:115-124.
[11]GAMI S K,LAUREN J G,DUXBURY J M.Soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in Nepal long-term soil fertility experiments[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2009,106(1):95-103.
[12]GREGORICH E G,CARTER M R,ANGERS D A,et al.Towards a minimum data set to assess soil organic matter quality in agricultural soils[J].Canadian Journal of Soil Science,1994,74(4):367-385.
[13]LEFROY R D B,BLAIR G J,STRONG W M.Changes in soil organic matter with cropping as measured by organic carbon fractions and13C natural isotope abundance[J].Plant&Soil,1993,155/156(1):399-402.
[14]ZELLER B,DAMBRINE E.Coarse particulate organic matter is the primary source of mineral N in the topsoil of three beech forests[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2011,43(3):542-550.
[15]ROMANIW J,SJ C D M,PADILHA A A,et al.Carbon dynamics in no-till soil due to the use of industrial organic waste and mineral fertilizer[J].Revista Ciencia Agronomica,2015,46(3):477-487.
[16]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:12-289.
[17]吴才武,夏建新,段峥嵘.土壤有机质测定方法述评与展望[J].土壤,2015,47(3):453-460.WU Caiwu,XIA Jianxin,DUAN Zhengrong.Review on detection methods of soil organic matter(SOM)[J].Soils,2015,47(3):453-460.
[18]李国傲,陈雪,孙建伶,等.土壤有机碳含量测定方法评述及最新研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(5):22-26.
[19]张俊华,李国栋,王岩松,等.黑河中游典型土地利用方式下土壤有机碳与活性和非活性组分的关系[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(12):3273-3280.ZHANG Junhua,LI Guodong,WANG Yansong,et al.Relationships of soil organic carbon with its active and non-active components under different land use types in the middle reaches of Heihe River,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(12):3273-3280.
[20]CAMBARDELLA C A,ELLIOTT E T.Particulate soil organicmatter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1992,56(3):777-783.
[21]WANG Q,ZHANG P J,LIU M,et al.Mineral-associated organic carbon and black carbon in restored wetlands[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2014,75:300-309.
[22]张亚杰,钱慧慧,刘坤平,等.施肥对玉米/大豆套作土壤活性有机碳组分及碳库管理指数的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2016,37(3):29-36.ZHANG Yajie,QIAN Huihui,LIU Kunping,et al.Effect of fertilization on soil active organic carbon and carbon pool management index under maize/soybean intercropping condition[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2016,37(3):29-36.
[23]辛芝红,李君剑,赵小娜,等.煤矿区不同复垦年限的土壤有机碳矿化和酶活性特征[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(10):1580-1586.XIN Zhihong,LI Junjian,ZHAO Xiaona,et al.Characteristics of soil organic carbon mineralization and enzyme activities in coal mining area after different reclamation times[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2017,30(10):1580-1586.
[24]CHEN C P,JUANG K W,CHENG C H,et al.Effects of adjacent land-use types on the distribution of soil organic carbon stocks in the montane area of Central Taiwan[J].Botanical Studies,2016,57(1):32.
[25]CHENG Liang,JIANG Bing,YUAN Qiu,et al.Dynamic relationship between biologically active soil organic carbon and aggregate stability in long-termorganically fertilized soils[J].Pedosphere,2012,22(5):616-622.
[26]XU M,LOU Y,SUN X,et al.Soil organic carbon active fractions as early indicators for total carbon change under straw incorporation[J].Biology&Fertility of Soils,2011,47(7):745-752.
[27]MRABET R,SABER N,EL-BRAHLI A,et al.Total,particulate organic matter and structural stability of a Calcixeroll soil under different wheat rotations and tillage systems in a semiarid area of Morocco[J].Soil&Tillage Research,2001,57(4):225-235.
[28]PARTON W J,SCURLOCK J M O,OJIMA D S,et al.Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,1993,7(4):785-809.
[29]CONANT R T,SIX J,PAUSTIAN K.Land use effects on soil carbon fractions in the southeastern United States.I:management-intensive versus extensive grazing[J].Biology&Fertility of Soils,2003,38(6):386-392.
[30]BAJGAI Y,KRISTIANSEN P,HULUGALLE N,et al.Particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon fractions as influenced by corn residue incorporation and simulated tillage[EB/OL].Armidale:Ⅰ.Yunusa,2015[2018-04-18].http://www.regional.org.au/au/asa/2012/climate-cchange/8063_bajgaiy.htm.
[31]赵媛媛,裴元生,向仁军,等.施用给水厂残泥对南北方不同类型农田土壤质量的影响[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(10):1497-1505.ZHAO Yuanyuan,PEI Yuansheng,XIANG Renjun,et al.Effects of drinking water treatment residuals on the quality of different soils from southern and northern agricultural regions[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(10):1497-1505.
[32]张大定,曹云者,汪群慧,等.土壤理化性质对污染场地环境风险不确定性的影响[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(5):526-532.ZHANG Dading,CAO Yunzhe,WANG Qunhui,et al.Effects of soil physical-chemical properties on risk uncertainty in a contaminated site[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2012,25(5):526-532.
[33]MU C,ZHANG T,ZHANG X,et al.Controls on the distribution of the soil organic matter in mountain permafrost regions on the North Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Cryosphere Discussions,2016,65(10):1-19.
[34]袁颖红,李辉信,黄欠如,等.长期施肥对水稻土颗粒有机碳和矿物结合态有机碳的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(1):353-360.YUAN Yinghong,LI Huixin,HUANG Qianru,et al.Effects of longterm fertilization on particulate organic carbon and mineral organic carbon of the paddy soil[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(1):353-360.
[35]王朔林,王改兰,赵旭,等.长期施肥对栗褐土有机碳含量及其组分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):104-111.WANG Shuolin,WANG Gailan,ZHAO Xu,et al.Effect of long-term fertilization on organic carbon fractions and contents of cinnamon soil[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2015,21(1):104-111.
[36]邹文秀,梁尧,郝翔翔,等.黑土颗粒有机碳和氮含量对有机肥剂量响应的定量关系[J].土壤,2016(3):442-448.ZOU Wenxiu,LIANG Yao,HAO Xiangxiang,et al.Effect of longterm application of organic manure in different amounts on the distribution of particulate organic matter and the contents of carbon and nitrogen in a mollisol[J].Soils,2016(3):442-448.