基于稳定同位素技术识别河流硝酸盐污染源研究进展
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摘要
水体氮污染是目前全球重点关注的环境问题,硝酸盐是水体中无机氮的主要存在形式之一。因此,有效识别硝酸盐的污染来源是防治水体氮污染的前提。总结了硝酸盐污染源的氮、氧同位素组成,对比了4种同位素样品的预处理方法,阐明了氮、氧同位素主要测定方法及定量分析的数学模型,并提出了该技术在河流氮素污染源解析领域的发展方向。
Nitrogen pollution of water bodies is an important environmental problem which has raised worldwide concern, and nitrate is one of main form of nitrogenous pollutants in water. Therefore, effective identification of nitrate pollution sources is the precondition for preventing nitrogen pollution in water bodies. In this paper revieweb, the composition of nitrogen and oxygen stable isotopes were compared in main nitrate sources were summarized, pretreatment methods of four isotope samples were compared, and the main determination methods of nitrogen and oxygen stable isotopes and the mathematical models of quantitative analysis in water were expounded. Furthermore, the development directions of stable isotopes in this field were proposed in future research.
Nitrogen pollution of water bodies is an important environmental problem which has raised worldwide concern, and nitrate is one of main form of nitrogenous pollutants in water. Therefore, effective identification of nitrate pollution sources is the precondition for preventing nitrogen pollution in water bodies. In this paper revieweb, the composition of nitrogen and oxygen stable isotopes were compared in main nitrate sources were summarized, pretreatment methods of four isotope samples were compared, and the main determination methods of nitrogen and oxygen stable isotopes and the mathematical models of quantitative analysis in water were expounded. Furthermore, the development directions of stable isotopes in this field were proposed in future research.
引文
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[11] Elser J J,Andersen T,Baron J S,et al.Shifts in lake N:P stoichiometry and nutrient limitation driven by atmospheric nitrogen deposition [J].Science,2009,326(5954):835-837.
[12] Burns D A,Boyer E W,Elliott E M,et al.Sources and transformations of nitrate from streams draining varying land uses:Evidence from dual isotope analysis [J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2009,38(3):1149-1256.
[13] Li S L,Liu C Q,Li J,et al.Assessment of the sources of nitrate in the Changjiang River,China using a nitrogen and oxygen isotopic approach [J].Environmental Science & Technology,2010,44(5):1573-1578.
[14] Flipse W J Jr,Bonner F T.Nitrogen isotope ratios of nitrate in ground water under fertilized fields,Long Island,New York [J].Ground Water,2010,23(1):59-67.
[15] Amberger A,Schmidt H L.The natural isotope content of nitrate as an indicator of its origin [J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,1987,51(10):2699-2705.
[16] Ding A,Zhi J,Zhang S,et al.Nitrate sources and nitrogen biogeochemical processes in the Feng River inferred from nitrogen and oxygen dual isotope measurements of nitrate [J].Desalination & Water Treatment,2016,57(18):8243-8251.
[17] Michalski G,Bockheim J G,Kendall C,et al.Isotopic composition of Antarctic Dry Valley nitrate:Implications for NOy sources and cycling in Antarctica [J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,321(13):313-320.
[18] Nestler A,Bergliund M,Accoe F,et al.Isotopes for improved management of nitrate pollution in aqueous resources:review of surface water field studies[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2011,18(4):519-533.
[19] Feast N A,Hiscock K M,Dennis P F,et al.Nitrogen isotope hydrochemistry and denitrification within the Chalk aquifer system of north Norfolk,UK [J].Journal of Hydrology,1998,211(1):233-252.
[20] Diaconu C,Brion N,Elskens M,et al.Validation of a dynamic ammonium extraction technique for the determination of 15N at enriched abundances [J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2005,554(1):113-122.
[21] Brooks P D,Stark J M,Mcinteer B B,et al.Diffusion method to prepare soil extracts for automated nitrogen-15 analysis [J].Soil Science Society of America,1989,53(6):1707-1711.
[22] Silva S R,Kendall C,Wilkison D H,et al.A new method for collection of nitrate from fresh water and the analysis of nitrogen and oxygen isotope ratios [J].Journal of Hydrology,2000,228(1):22-36.
[23] Chang C C,Langston J,Riggs M,et al.A method for nitrate collection for δ15N and δ18O analysis from waters [J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences,1999,56(10):1856-1864.
[24] Sigman D M,Casciotti K L,Andreani M,et al.A bacterial method for the nitrogen isotopic analysis of nitrate in seawater and freshwater [J].Analytical Chemistry,2001,73(17):4145-4153.
[25] Mcilvin M R,Casciotti K L.Method for the analysis of δ18O in water [J].Analytical Chemistry,2006,78(7):2377-2389.
[26] Tu Y,Fang Y,Liu D,et al.Modifications to the azide method for nitrate isotope analysis [J].Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry,2016,30(10):1213-1227.
[27] Wong W W,Grace M R,Cartwright I,et al.Sources and fate of nitrate in a groundwater-fed estuary elucidated using stable isotope ratios of nitrogen and oxygen [J].Limnology & Oceanography,2015,59(5):1493-1509.
[28] Zhang S S,Fang Y,Xi D.Adaptation of micro-diffusion method for the analysis of 15N natural abundance of ammonium in samples with small volume [J].Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry,2015,29(14):1297-306.
[29] 刘君,王莹,卫文,等.利用稳定同位素方法识别内蒙古佘太盆地地下水补给来源 [J].水文,2017,37(1):51-55.
[30] Amo H D,Menció A,Gich F,et al.Isotope and microbiome data provide complementary information to identify natural nitrate attenuation processes in groundwater [J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,573(1):613-614.
[31] 王曦,曹亚澄,韩勇,等.化学转化法测定水体中硝酸盐的氮氧同位素比值[J].土壤学报,2015,43(3):558-566.
[32] 张俊萍,宋晓梅.稳定同位素追踪水体中的氮来源的研究现状 [J].环境科技,2014,958(6):71-75.
[33] 张媛媛,贺行良,孙书文,等.元素分析仪-同位素比值质谱仪测定海洋沉积物有机碳稳定同位素方法初探 [J].岩矿测试,2012,31(4):627-631.
[34] 刁明亚,江婷婷.海洋颗粒有机物碳、氮稳定同位素分析方法研究概况 [J].科技视界,2015,67(22):166-243.
[35] Kumar A,Hage-Hassan J,Baskaran M,et al.Multiple sediment cores from reservoirs are needed to reconstruct recent watershed changes from stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and C/N ratios:case studies from the mid-western United States [J].Journal of Paleolimnology,2016,56(1):1-17.
[36] Donald L,Paul L.Incorporating concentration dependence in stable isotope mixing models [J].Oecologia,2002,130(1):114-125.
[37] 傅金祥,单敬敬,袁雅姝,等.浑河流域沈抚段氮素污染综合溯源研究 [J].环境科学学报,2018,25(7):726-736.
[38] Parnell A C,Inger R,Bearhop S,et al.Source partitioning using stable isotopes:coping with too much variation [J].Plos One,2010,5(3):9672-9680.
[39] 吴文欢,何小娟,苏跃龙,等.基于氮氧稳定同位素识别水体氮源的研究进展 [J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(8):77-84.
[40] 金赞芳,张文辽,郑奇,等.氮氧同位素联合稳定同位素模型解析水源地氮源 [J].环境科学,2018,39(5):2039-2047.
[41] Li C,Li S L,Yue F J,et al.Identification of sources and transformations of nitrate in the Xijiang River using nitrate isotopes and Bayesian model [J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,646(1):801-816.
[2] Rashid I,Romshoo S A.Impact of anthropogenic activities on water quality of Lidder River in Kashmir Himalayas [J].Environmental Monitoring & Assessment,2013,185(6):4705-4719.
[3] 陈自祥,柳后起,刘广,等.淡水水体中氮污染源的识别-利用硝酸根中氮和氧同位素组成 [J].环境化学,2012,31(12):1855-1864.
[4] Ding J,Xi B,Xu Q,et al.Assessment of the sources and transformations of nitrogen in a plain river network region using a stable isotope approach [J].Journal of Environmental Science,2015,30(4):198-206.
[5] Loureiro S,Reňé A,Garcés E,et al.Harmful algal blooms (HABs),dissolved organic matter (DOM),and planktonic microbial community dynamics at a near-shore and a harbour station influenced by upwelling [J].Journal of Sea Research,2011,65(4):401-413.
[6] 邢萌,刘卫国.浐河、灞河硝酸盐端元贡献比例-基于硝酸盐氮、氧同位素研究 [J].地球环境学报,2016,7(1):27-36.
[7] 赵庆良,马慧雅,任玉芬,等.利用δ15N-NO-3和δ18O-NO-3示踪北京城区河硝酸盐来源 [J].环境科学,2016,37(5):1692-1698.
[8] Rozpondek K,Rozpondek R,Pachura P.Characteristics of spatial distribution of phosphorus and nitrogen in the bottom sediments of the water reservoir Poraj [J].2017,18(4):178-184.
[9] Hyfield E C G,Day J W,Cable J E,et al.The impacts of reintroducing Mississi-ppi River water on the hydrologic budget and nutrient inputs of a deltaic estuary [J].Ecological Engineering,2008,32(4):347-359.
[10] He J,Balasu R,Burger D F,et al.Dry and wet atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and phosphorus in Singapore [J].Atmospheric Environment,2011,45(16):2760-2768.
[11] Elser J J,Andersen T,Baron J S,et al.Shifts in lake N:P stoichiometry and nutrient limitation driven by atmospheric nitrogen deposition [J].Science,2009,326(5954):835-837.
[12] Burns D A,Boyer E W,Elliott E M,et al.Sources and transformations of nitrate from streams draining varying land uses:Evidence from dual isotope analysis [J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2009,38(3):1149-1256.
[13] Li S L,Liu C Q,Li J,et al.Assessment of the sources of nitrate in the Changjiang River,China using a nitrogen and oxygen isotopic approach [J].Environmental Science & Technology,2010,44(5):1573-1578.
[14] Flipse W J Jr,Bonner F T.Nitrogen isotope ratios of nitrate in ground water under fertilized fields,Long Island,New York [J].Ground Water,2010,23(1):59-67.
[15] Amberger A,Schmidt H L.The natural isotope content of nitrate as an indicator of its origin [J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,1987,51(10):2699-2705.
[16] Ding A,Zhi J,Zhang S,et al.Nitrate sources and nitrogen biogeochemical processes in the Feng River inferred from nitrogen and oxygen dual isotope measurements of nitrate [J].Desalination & Water Treatment,2016,57(18):8243-8251.
[17] Michalski G,Bockheim J G,Kendall C,et al.Isotopic composition of Antarctic Dry Valley nitrate:Implications for NOy sources and cycling in Antarctica [J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,321(13):313-320.
[18] Nestler A,Bergliund M,Accoe F,et al.Isotopes for improved management of nitrate pollution in aqueous resources:review of surface water field studies[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2011,18(4):519-533.
[19] Feast N A,Hiscock K M,Dennis P F,et al.Nitrogen isotope hydrochemistry and denitrification within the Chalk aquifer system of north Norfolk,UK [J].Journal of Hydrology,1998,211(1):233-252.
[20] Diaconu C,Brion N,Elskens M,et al.Validation of a dynamic ammonium extraction technique for the determination of 15N at enriched abundances [J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2005,554(1):113-122.
[21] Brooks P D,Stark J M,Mcinteer B B,et al.Diffusion method to prepare soil extracts for automated nitrogen-15 analysis [J].Soil Science Society of America,1989,53(6):1707-1711.
[22] Silva S R,Kendall C,Wilkison D H,et al.A new method for collection of nitrate from fresh water and the analysis of nitrogen and oxygen isotope ratios [J].Journal of Hydrology,2000,228(1):22-36.
[23] Chang C C,Langston J,Riggs M,et al.A method for nitrate collection for δ15N and δ18O analysis from waters [J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences,1999,56(10):1856-1864.
[24] Sigman D M,Casciotti K L,Andreani M,et al.A bacterial method for the nitrogen isotopic analysis of nitrate in seawater and freshwater [J].Analytical Chemistry,2001,73(17):4145-4153.
[25] Mcilvin M R,Casciotti K L.Method for the analysis of δ18O in water [J].Analytical Chemistry,2006,78(7):2377-2389.
[26] Tu Y,Fang Y,Liu D,et al.Modifications to the azide method for nitrate isotope analysis [J].Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry,2016,30(10):1213-1227.
[27] Wong W W,Grace M R,Cartwright I,et al.Sources and fate of nitrate in a groundwater-fed estuary elucidated using stable isotope ratios of nitrogen and oxygen [J].Limnology & Oceanography,2015,59(5):1493-1509.
[28] Zhang S S,Fang Y,Xi D.Adaptation of micro-diffusion method for the analysis of 15N natural abundance of ammonium in samples with small volume [J].Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry,2015,29(14):1297-306.
[29] 刘君,王莹,卫文,等.利用稳定同位素方法识别内蒙古佘太盆地地下水补给来源 [J].水文,2017,37(1):51-55.
[30] Amo H D,Menció A,Gich F,et al.Isotope and microbiome data provide complementary information to identify natural nitrate attenuation processes in groundwater [J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,573(1):613-614.
[31] 王曦,曹亚澄,韩勇,等.化学转化法测定水体中硝酸盐的氮氧同位素比值[J].土壤学报,2015,43(3):558-566.
[32] 张俊萍,宋晓梅.稳定同位素追踪水体中的氮来源的研究现状 [J].环境科技,2014,958(6):71-75.
[33] 张媛媛,贺行良,孙书文,等.元素分析仪-同位素比值质谱仪测定海洋沉积物有机碳稳定同位素方法初探 [J].岩矿测试,2012,31(4):627-631.
[34] 刁明亚,江婷婷.海洋颗粒有机物碳、氮稳定同位素分析方法研究概况 [J].科技视界,2015,67(22):166-243.
[35] Kumar A,Hage-Hassan J,Baskaran M,et al.Multiple sediment cores from reservoirs are needed to reconstruct recent watershed changes from stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and C/N ratios:case studies from the mid-western United States [J].Journal of Paleolimnology,2016,56(1):1-17.
[36] Donald L,Paul L.Incorporating concentration dependence in stable isotope mixing models [J].Oecologia,2002,130(1):114-125.
[37] 傅金祥,单敬敬,袁雅姝,等.浑河流域沈抚段氮素污染综合溯源研究 [J].环境科学学报,2018,25(7):726-736.
[38] Parnell A C,Inger R,Bearhop S,et al.Source partitioning using stable isotopes:coping with too much variation [J].Plos One,2010,5(3):9672-9680.
[39] 吴文欢,何小娟,苏跃龙,等.基于氮氧稳定同位素识别水体氮源的研究进展 [J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(8):77-84.
[40] 金赞芳,张文辽,郑奇,等.氮氧同位素联合稳定同位素模型解析水源地氮源 [J].环境科学,2018,39(5):2039-2047.
[41] Li C,Li S L,Yue F J,et al.Identification of sources and transformations of nitrate in the Xijiang River using nitrate isotopes and Bayesian model [J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,646(1):801-816.