溶剂蒸发退火聚合物诱导红荧烯的结晶
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摘要
在掺杂氟的二氧化锡(FTO)透明导电玻璃衬底上分别以聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚乳酸(PLA)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)作为异质诱导层,采用溶剂蒸发退火(SVA)的方法制备了红荧烯晶体薄膜,通过偏光显微镜(POM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了晶体薄膜的结构和形态,探讨了聚合物种类、聚合物溶液质量浓度以及红荧烯溶液质量浓度对结晶的影响。分析发现,PC作为基底对红荧烯结晶的诱导效果优于PLA和PET,并分别确定了以PC为基底时聚合物和红荧烯溶液的最佳旋涂质量浓度。结果表明,在退火过程中,随着红荧烯溶液质量浓度的增加,晶体薄膜经历了从以三斜晶系为主到以正交晶系为主的晶型转变,在PC溶液质量浓度为5 mg/mL、红荧烯溶液质量浓度为9 mg/mL时,红荧烯结晶覆盖率高,结晶效果较好。
Polycarbonate(PC),polylactic acid(PLA)and polyethylene terephthalate(PET)were used as heterogeneous induced layer on the conductive transparent glass substrate doped with fluorine-tin-oxide(FTO),respectively,then the crystal thin films of rubrene were prepared by the solvent vapor annealing(SVA)method.The structures and morphologies of the crystal thin films were studied by polarized optical microscopy(POM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The effects of the varieties of polymers,the mass concentration of the polymer solution and the mass concentration of the rubrene solution on the crystallization were discussed.It is found that the induction effect of PC as the substrate on the crystallization of rubrene is better than those of PLA and PET,and the optimum spin-coating mass concentrations of polymer and rubrene solution with PC as the substrate were determined.The results show that during annealing process,the crystal form of the crystal film transforms the predominant growth from a triclinic crystal system to a orthorhombic crystal system.When the mass concentration of the PC solution is 5 mg/mL and the mass concentration of rubrene solution is 9 mg/mL,the crystal coverage of rubrene is high and the crystallization effect is better.
Polycarbonate(PC),polylactic acid(PLA)and polyethylene terephthalate(PET)were used as heterogeneous induced layer on the conductive transparent glass substrate doped with fluorine-tin-oxide(FTO),respectively,then the crystal thin films of rubrene were prepared by the solvent vapor annealing(SVA)method.The structures and morphologies of the crystal thin films were studied by polarized optical microscopy(POM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The effects of the varieties of polymers,the mass concentration of the polymer solution and the mass concentration of the rubrene solution on the crystallization were discussed.It is found that the induction effect of PC as the substrate on the crystallization of rubrene is better than those of PLA and PET,and the optimum spin-coating mass concentrations of polymer and rubrene solution with PC as the substrate were determined.The results show that during annealing process,the crystal form of the crystal film transforms the predominant growth from a triclinic crystal system to a orthorhombic crystal system.When the mass concentration of the PC solution is 5 mg/mL and the mass concentration of rubrene solution is 9 mg/mL,the crystal coverage of rubrene is high and the crystallization effect is better.
引文
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[2] WANG C L,DONG H L,JIANG L,et al.Organic semiconductor crystals[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2018,47(2):422-500.
[3] USTA H,FACCHETTI A,MARKS T J.n-channel semiconductor materials design for organic complementary circuits[J].Accounts of Chemical Research,2011,44(7):501-510.
[4] VIRKAR A A,MANNSFELD S,BAO Z N,et al.Organic semiconductor growth and morphology considerations for organic thin-film transistors[J].Advanced Materials,2010,22(34):3857-3875.
[5] ZHANG Y F,FORREST S R.Triplets contribute to both an increase and loss in fluorescent yield in organic light emitting diodes[J].Physical Review Letters,2012,108(26):267404-1-267404-5
[6] LUO L,LIU G,HUANG L W,et al.Solution-based patterned growth of rubrene nanocrystals for organic field effect transistors[J].Applied Physics Letters,2009,95(26):263312-1-263312-3.
[7] JIN F M,CHU B,LI W L,et al.Improvement in power conversion efficiency and long-term lifetime of organic photovoltaic cells by using bathophenanthroline/molybdenum oxide as compound cathode buffer layer[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2013,117:189-193.
[8] ZEIS R,BESNARD C,SIEGRIST T,et al.Field effect studies on rubrene and impurities of rubrene[J].Chemistry of Materials,2006,18(2):244-248.
[9] SMITH J,HAMILTON R,MCCULLOCH I,et al.Solutionprocessed organic transistors based on semiconducting blends[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2010,20(13):2562-2574.
[10] JO P S,DUONG D T,PARK J,et al.Control of rubrene polymorphs via polymer binders:applications in organic fieldeffect transistors[J].Chemistry of Materials,2015,27(11):3979-3987.
[11] SU Y J,LIU J G,ZHENG L D,et al.Polymer assisted solution-processing of rubrene spherulites via solvent vapor annealing[J].RSC Advances,2012,2(13):5779-5788.
[12]孙洋,闫闯,谢强,等.双异质诱导层对红荧烯薄膜晶体管性能的影响[J].高等学校化学报,2018,39(6):1221-1227.
[13] SIM K,NA H,PARK J,et al.High-performance organic transistors based on solution-processed rubrene crystals directly grown on a polymeric dielectric[J].Organic Electronics,2018,56:76-81.
[14]吴君辉,袁艺,高明圆,等.溶剂蒸汽退火法制备有机小分子半单晶[J].化学学报,2015,73(1):23-28.
[15] WEI L G,YANG Y L,FAN R Q,et al.Effects of rubrene co-sensitized TiO2photoanode on the performance of ruthenium dye N719 sensitized solar cells[J].Thin Solid Films,2015,592:14-23.
[16] WANG C H,MAIDUL ISLAM A K M,YANG Y W,et al.Crystalline growth of rubrene film enhanced by vertical ordering in cadmium arachidate multilayer substrate[J].Langmuir,2013,29(12):3957-3967.
[17] JURCHESCU O D,MEETSMA A,PALSTRA T T.Low temperature structure of rubrene single crystals grown by vapor transport[J].Acta Crystallographica Section:B,2006,62(2):330-334.
[18]AKOPYAN Z A,AVOYAN R L,STRUCHKOV Y T.Crystallographic data on certain sterically strained naphthacene derivatives[J].Journal of Structural Chemistry,1962,3(5):576-579.
[19] FIELITZ T R,HOLMES R J.Crystal morphology and growth in annealed rubrene thin films[J].Crystal Growth&Design,2016,16(8):4720-4726.