黔东北高原斜坡地区4种岩溶地下水系统模式及特点——基于地貌和蓄水构造特征
|
摘要
受深切河谷地貌控制,黔东北大部分地区岩溶地下水深埋且排泄于河谷岸边,以快速的管道裂隙流为主,给地下水资源勘探开发带来了极大的困难,局部地区受蓄水构造控制形成勘探有利的地下水富集区。笔者基于地貌和蓄水构造将研究区岩溶地下水系统归纳总结为深切河谷型、向斜山地型、单斜夹层型和背斜槽谷型4类模式。深切河谷型岩溶地下水系统地下水水力坡度大,地下水以快速的管道流为主,排泄点低,开发利用方式建议直接在地下河出口或天窗中抽提地下水,经济效益明显地区可堵洞成库进行综合利用;向斜山地型岩溶地下水系统发育高位岩溶泉或地下河出口,排泄点高,适合直接引水利用;单斜夹层型岩溶地下水系统在岩性接触带出露一系列接触泉,排泄分散,开发利用方式建议直接利用或抽提岩溶泉水,受夹层隔水顶底板影响局部地区可钻井取水;背斜核部出露寒武系白云岩地层,导致背斜槽谷型岩溶地下水系统含水岩层均匀厚度大,分布大量非全排型岩溶泉,地下水开发适合抽提泉水或钻井抽取地下水。
Controlled by deep valleys, karst groundwater level is very deep in most places and the groundwater is excreted along river shore in northeast Guizhou area. The groundwater mainly flows rapidly in pipeline and crack forms, and hence the exploration of groundwater resources is rather difficult; nevertheless, there are also some groundwater enrichment zones controlled by water storage structure. Based on geomorphologic characteristics and geological structure of groundwater storage, the authors summed up the karst groundwater system into four patterns, namely deep valley, syncline mountain land, monoclinic interlayer, and anticlinal aulacogen. For deep valley type, groundwater hydraulic slope is mostly rather steep, and the groundwater is mostly flows rapidly in pipeline form with low level discharge, and hence the exploration should adopt the method of pumping from underground driver outlet and skylight; in large economic benefit area, a reservoir could be built by plugging the hole. For syncline mountain land type, many karst springs and underground river outlets are usually formed in higher position with high level discharge and therefore directly diverting water is the best way. For monoclinic interlayer type, many springs are formed along lithologic boundaries, so we can pump karst springs for direct utilization and can also drill water in local area affected by the roof and bottom of the intercalated bed. For anticlinal aulacogen, a lot of dolomites are distributed near the anticline and aquifer is thick and, therefore, the aquifer has great uniform thickness; in addition, there exist a lot of non all-discharge springs in the karst groundwater system; therefore pumping and drilling seem to be the suitable ways to exploit and develop groundwater.
Controlled by deep valleys, karst groundwater level is very deep in most places and the groundwater is excreted along river shore in northeast Guizhou area. The groundwater mainly flows rapidly in pipeline and crack forms, and hence the exploration of groundwater resources is rather difficult; nevertheless, there are also some groundwater enrichment zones controlled by water storage structure. Based on geomorphologic characteristics and geological structure of groundwater storage, the authors summed up the karst groundwater system into four patterns, namely deep valley, syncline mountain land, monoclinic interlayer, and anticlinal aulacogen. For deep valley type, groundwater hydraulic slope is mostly rather steep, and the groundwater is mostly flows rapidly in pipeline form with low level discharge, and hence the exploration should adopt the method of pumping from underground driver outlet and skylight; in large economic benefit area, a reservoir could be built by plugging the hole. For syncline mountain land type, many karst springs and underground river outlets are usually formed in higher position with high level discharge and therefore directly diverting water is the best way. For monoclinic interlayer type, many springs are formed along lithologic boundaries, so we can pump karst springs for direct utilization and can also drill water in local area affected by the roof and bottom of the intercalated bed. For anticlinal aulacogen, a lot of dolomites are distributed near the anticline and aquifer is thick and, therefore, the aquifer has great uniform thickness; in addition, there exist a lot of non all-discharge springs in the karst groundwater system; therefore pumping and drilling seem to be the suitable ways to exploit and develop groundwater.
引文
陈文俊,黄显强,宋怀则,董炳维.1981.中国南方岩溶地下水[J].地质学报,2:149-160.
甘伏平,喻立平,卢呈杰,韦吉益,赵伟.2011.不同岩溶储水结构分析与地球物理勘察[J].地质与勘探,4:663-672.
韩行瑞,鲁荣安,李庆松.1993.岩溶水系统—山西岩溶大泉研究[M].北京:地质出版社.
胡宽瑢,曹玉清,胡忠毅,刘星.2000.水文地质蓄水构造级、区带划分及其水资源分布特点[J].长春科技大学学报,30(3):246-250.
蒋忠诚,曹建华,杨德生,罗为群.2008.西南岩溶石漠化区水土流失现状与综合防治对策[J].中国水土保持科学,6(1):37-42.
蒋忠诚,夏日元,时坚,裴建国,何师意,梁彬.2006.西南岩溶地下水资源开发利用效应与潜力分析[J].地球学报,31(6):860-868.
李景阳,籍传茂,鄢贵权,刘康祥,梁风.1998.独山黄后岩溶地下水系发育特征及资源开发利用[J].贵州地质,15(4):355-367.
李兆林,罗伟权,劳文科,梁彬.2001.洛塔大瓜拉洞地下河系水资源开发利用与保护[J].中国岩溶,20(2):149-154.
梁永平,韩行瑞,时坚,尹立河.2005.鄂尔多斯盆地周边岩溶地下水系统模式及特点[J].地球学报,26(4):365-369.
梁永平,王维泰.2010.中国北方岩溶水系统划分与系统特征[J].地球学报,31(6):860-868.
廖资生.1978.北方岩溶的主要特征和岩溶储水构造的主要类型[M].北京:地质出版社:56-61.
刘光亚.1979.基岩地下水[M].北京:地质出版社.
卢耀如,张凤娥,刘长礼,童国榜,张云.2006.中国典型地区岩溶水资源及其生态水文特性[J].地球学报,27(5):393-402.
蒲俊兵.2013.重庆地区岩溶地下河发育与分布的基本特征[J].中国岩溶,32(3):266-279.
屈伟,丁坚平,邹仕孝,曹兴民.2009.皱褶构造对岩溶泉发育的控制作用[J].地下水,31(141):131-133.
王宇.2002.西南岩溶地区岩溶水系统分类、特征及勘查评价要点[J].中国岩溶,21(2):115-119.
王宇.2006.岩溶找水与开发技术研究[M].北京:地质出版社.
夏日元,唐健生,朱远峰.2003.西南岩溶区地下水资源可持续利用对策[J].中国人口·资源与环境,13(1):81-85.
谢运球,袁道先.2002.地下河系统水土资源关系[J].水土保持学报,16(6):50-53.
闫长红,王玉英,罗国煜,陈明珠,詹启伟,陈喜,郭军辉,郑军.2008.压性构造对岩溶发育的控制作用[J].地质论评,54(3):343-347.
杨剑明,张兆干,王祥,申屏.1996.贵州普定后寨地下河流域地下含水结构空间特征[J].中国岩溶,15(3):246-252.
易连兴.1996.岩溶地下水系统灰色特征及灰参模型研究——以桂林东区岩溶裂隙管道、凯里岩溶裂隙地下水系统为例[J].中国岩溶,15(1-2):117-123.
袁炳华.2007.中国西南岩溶石山地区地下水资源及生态环境地质研究[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社.
袁道先.1977.论岩溶水的不均匀性[M].北京:地质出版社.
袁道先.1982.岩溶研究的当前任务[J].中国岩溶,1:4-9.
袁道先,章程.2008.岩溶动力学的理论探索与实践[J].地球学报,29(3):355-365.
章程.2000.南方典型溶蚀丘陵系统现代岩溶作用强度研究[J].地球学报,21(1):86-91.
张强.2012.青木关岩溶槽谷地下水水源地固有脆弱性评[J].中国岩溶,31(1):67-73.
张之淦,陈伟海.2000.岩溶蓄水构造与找水[J].水文地质工程地质,6:1-5.
朱庆俊,李伟,李凤哲,孙银行,李戍.2011.广西隆安县地下水储水构造的地质-地球物理模型及其地球物理响应特征分析[J].中国岩溶,30(1):34-40.
CHEN Wen-jun,HUANG Xian-qiang,SONG Huai-ze,DONGBing-wei.1981.Karst Groundwater in South China[J].ActaGeologica Sinica,2:149-160(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAN Fu-ping,YU Li-ping,LU Cheng-jie,WEI Ji-yi,ZHAO Wei.2011.Geophysical Prospecting and Analyzing on DifferentKarst Water-Bearing Structures[J].Geology and Exploration,4:663-672(in Chinese with English abstract).
HAN Xing-rui,LU Rong-an,LI Qing-song.1993.Karst Groundwater System-Resarch on big springs in Shanxi[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
HU Kuan-rong,CAO Yu-qing,HU Zhong-yi,LIU Xing.Hydrological Impounded Structure Classification and Its Zone Division[J].Journal Of Changchun University Of Science andTechnology,30(3):246-250(in Chinese).
JIANG Zhong-cheng,CAO Jian-hua,YANG De-sheng,LUOWei-qun.2008.Current status and comprehensive countermeasures of soil erosion for Karst rocky desertification areasin the Southwestern China[J].Science of Soil and WaterConservation,6(1):37-42(in Chinese with English abstract).
JIANG Zhong-cheng,XIA Ri-yuan,SHI Jian,PEI Jian-guo,HEShi-yi,LIANG Bin.2006.The Application Effects and Exploitation Capacity of Karst Underground Water Resources inSouthwest China[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,31(6):860-868(in Chinese with English abstract).
LI Jing-yang,JI Chuan-mao,YAN Gui-quan,LIU Kang-xiang,LIANG Feng.1998.An Investigation of the Huanghou Subterranean Drainage in Dushan County,Southern Guizhou andProposals to Utilization of the Groundwater Resources[J].Guizhou Geology,15(4):355-367(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
LI Zhao-lin,LUO Wei-quan,LAO Wen-ke,LIANG Bin.2001.Water Resource Exploitation,Utilization and Protection ofDakualadong Underground River in Luota,Hunan[J].Carsologica Sinica,20(2):149-154(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIANG Yong-ping,HAN Xing-rui,SHI Jian,YIN Li-he.2005.TheKarst Groundwater System in the Peripheral Area of OrdosBasin:Its Patterns and Characteristics[J].Acta GeoscienticaSinica,26(4):365-369(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIANG Yong-ping,WANG Wei-tai.2010.The Division and characteristics of karst water systems in Northern China[J].EarthScience-Journal of China University of Geosciences,31(6):860-868(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIAO Zi-sheng.1978.The Main Characteristics of karst groundwater and Its Primary Storage Structure Types in NorthernChina[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
LIU Guang-ya.1979.Bedrock Groundwater[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
LU Yao-ru,ZHANG Feng-e,LIU Chang-li,TONG Guo-bang,ZHANG Yun.2006.Karst water resources in typical areas ofChina and Their Eco-hydrological characteristics[J].EarthScience-Journal of China University of Geosciences,27(5):393-402(in Chinese with English abstract).
PU Jun-bing.2013.Development and Distribution of Karst Subterranean Streams In Chongqing,China[J].Carsologica Sinica,32(3):266-279(in Chinese with English abstract).
QU Wei,DING Jian-ping,ZOU Shi-xiao,CAO Xing-min.2009.Fold Structure’s Control Funtion on the Karst Stephen Development[J].Ground Water,31(141):131-133(in Chinesewith English abstract).
WANG Yu.2002.Classification,features of karst water system andkey point for the evaluation to karst water exploration insouthwest China karst area[J].Carsologica Sinica,21(2):115-119(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Yu.2006.The research of drilling wells and exploit in karstarea[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
XIA Ri-yuan,TANG Jian-sheng,ZHU Yuan-feng.2003.Sustainable Utilization Measures of Groundwater Resources in Karsta Areas of Southwest China[J].China Population,Resourcesand Environment,13(1):81-85(in Chinese with English abstract).
XIE Yun-qiu,YUAN Dao-xian.2002.Relationship Between LandResources and Water Resouces in Underground River System[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,16(6):50-53(in Chinese with English abstract).
YAN Chang-hong,WANG Yu-ying,LUO Guo-li,CHEN Ming-zhu,ZHAN Qi-wei,CHEN Xi,GUO Jun-hui,ZHENG Jun.2008.Compressive Structurecs Control on the Karst Development[J].Geological Review,54(3):343-347(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
YANG Jian-mign,ZHANG Zhao-gan,WANG Xiang,SHEN Ping.1996.The Featrue of Aquifer Spatial Structure of HouahaiUnderground watershed,Puding,Guizhou[J].Carsologica Sinica,15(3):246-252(in Chinese with English abstract).
YI Lian-xing.1996.The Study on Karst Groundwater System GreyFeatures and Grey Parameters Model——Case of EasternGuilin Karst Fissure Conduit and Kaili Karst FissureGroundwater Systems[J].Carsologica Sinica,15(1-2):117-123(in Chinese with English abstract).
YUAN Bing-hua.2007.The Research of Groundwater Resourcesand the Ecological Environment Geology in Southwest ChinaKarst Area[M].Chengdu:University of Electronic Scienceand Technology of China Publishing House(in Chinese).
YUAN Dao-xian.1977.Discussion of Karst Groundwater’s Unevenness[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
YUAN Dao-xian.1982.Current Task of Karst Research[J].Carsologica Sinica,1:4-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
YUAN Dao-xian,ZHANG Cheng.2008.Karst Dynamics Theoryin China and its Practice[J].Earth Science-Journal of ChinaUniversity of Geosciences,29(3):355-365.
ZHANG Cheng.2000.A Study on Modern Karstification Intensityof Typical Corrosional Hill System in South China[J].ActaGeoscientica Sinica,21(1):86-91(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
ZHANG Qiang.2012.Assessment on the Intrinsic Vulnerability ofKarst Groundwater source in the Qingmuguan Karst valley[J].Carsologica Sinica,31(1):67-73(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Zhi-gan,CHEN Wei-hai.2000.Karst reservoir structureand groundwater[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,6:1-5(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHU Qing-jun,LI Wei,LI Feng-zhe,SUN Yin-hang,LI Shu.2011.Analysis on geologic-geophysical model and geophysical response of groundwater reservoir in Longan County,Guangxi[J].Carsologica Sinica,30(1):34-40(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
甘伏平,喻立平,卢呈杰,韦吉益,赵伟.2011.不同岩溶储水结构分析与地球物理勘察[J].地质与勘探,4:663-672.
韩行瑞,鲁荣安,李庆松.1993.岩溶水系统—山西岩溶大泉研究[M].北京:地质出版社.
胡宽瑢,曹玉清,胡忠毅,刘星.2000.水文地质蓄水构造级、区带划分及其水资源分布特点[J].长春科技大学学报,30(3):246-250.
蒋忠诚,曹建华,杨德生,罗为群.2008.西南岩溶石漠化区水土流失现状与综合防治对策[J].中国水土保持科学,6(1):37-42.
蒋忠诚,夏日元,时坚,裴建国,何师意,梁彬.2006.西南岩溶地下水资源开发利用效应与潜力分析[J].地球学报,31(6):860-868.
李景阳,籍传茂,鄢贵权,刘康祥,梁风.1998.独山黄后岩溶地下水系发育特征及资源开发利用[J].贵州地质,15(4):355-367.
李兆林,罗伟权,劳文科,梁彬.2001.洛塔大瓜拉洞地下河系水资源开发利用与保护[J].中国岩溶,20(2):149-154.
梁永平,韩行瑞,时坚,尹立河.2005.鄂尔多斯盆地周边岩溶地下水系统模式及特点[J].地球学报,26(4):365-369.
梁永平,王维泰.2010.中国北方岩溶水系统划分与系统特征[J].地球学报,31(6):860-868.
廖资生.1978.北方岩溶的主要特征和岩溶储水构造的主要类型[M].北京:地质出版社:56-61.
刘光亚.1979.基岩地下水[M].北京:地质出版社.
卢耀如,张凤娥,刘长礼,童国榜,张云.2006.中国典型地区岩溶水资源及其生态水文特性[J].地球学报,27(5):393-402.
蒲俊兵.2013.重庆地区岩溶地下河发育与分布的基本特征[J].中国岩溶,32(3):266-279.
屈伟,丁坚平,邹仕孝,曹兴民.2009.皱褶构造对岩溶泉发育的控制作用[J].地下水,31(141):131-133.
王宇.2002.西南岩溶地区岩溶水系统分类、特征及勘查评价要点[J].中国岩溶,21(2):115-119.
王宇.2006.岩溶找水与开发技术研究[M].北京:地质出版社.
夏日元,唐健生,朱远峰.2003.西南岩溶区地下水资源可持续利用对策[J].中国人口·资源与环境,13(1):81-85.
谢运球,袁道先.2002.地下河系统水土资源关系[J].水土保持学报,16(6):50-53.
闫长红,王玉英,罗国煜,陈明珠,詹启伟,陈喜,郭军辉,郑军.2008.压性构造对岩溶发育的控制作用[J].地质论评,54(3):343-347.
杨剑明,张兆干,王祥,申屏.1996.贵州普定后寨地下河流域地下含水结构空间特征[J].中国岩溶,15(3):246-252.
易连兴.1996.岩溶地下水系统灰色特征及灰参模型研究——以桂林东区岩溶裂隙管道、凯里岩溶裂隙地下水系统为例[J].中国岩溶,15(1-2):117-123.
袁炳华.2007.中国西南岩溶石山地区地下水资源及生态环境地质研究[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社.
袁道先.1977.论岩溶水的不均匀性[M].北京:地质出版社.
袁道先.1982.岩溶研究的当前任务[J].中国岩溶,1:4-9.
袁道先,章程.2008.岩溶动力学的理论探索与实践[J].地球学报,29(3):355-365.
章程.2000.南方典型溶蚀丘陵系统现代岩溶作用强度研究[J].地球学报,21(1):86-91.
张强.2012.青木关岩溶槽谷地下水水源地固有脆弱性评[J].中国岩溶,31(1):67-73.
张之淦,陈伟海.2000.岩溶蓄水构造与找水[J].水文地质工程地质,6:1-5.
朱庆俊,李伟,李凤哲,孙银行,李戍.2011.广西隆安县地下水储水构造的地质-地球物理模型及其地球物理响应特征分析[J].中国岩溶,30(1):34-40.
CHEN Wen-jun,HUANG Xian-qiang,SONG Huai-ze,DONGBing-wei.1981.Karst Groundwater in South China[J].ActaGeologica Sinica,2:149-160(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAN Fu-ping,YU Li-ping,LU Cheng-jie,WEI Ji-yi,ZHAO Wei.2011.Geophysical Prospecting and Analyzing on DifferentKarst Water-Bearing Structures[J].Geology and Exploration,4:663-672(in Chinese with English abstract).
HAN Xing-rui,LU Rong-an,LI Qing-song.1993.Karst Groundwater System-Resarch on big springs in Shanxi[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
HU Kuan-rong,CAO Yu-qing,HU Zhong-yi,LIU Xing.Hydrological Impounded Structure Classification and Its Zone Division[J].Journal Of Changchun University Of Science andTechnology,30(3):246-250(in Chinese).
JIANG Zhong-cheng,CAO Jian-hua,YANG De-sheng,LUOWei-qun.2008.Current status and comprehensive countermeasures of soil erosion for Karst rocky desertification areasin the Southwestern China[J].Science of Soil and WaterConservation,6(1):37-42(in Chinese with English abstract).
JIANG Zhong-cheng,XIA Ri-yuan,SHI Jian,PEI Jian-guo,HEShi-yi,LIANG Bin.2006.The Application Effects and Exploitation Capacity of Karst Underground Water Resources inSouthwest China[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,31(6):860-868(in Chinese with English abstract).
LI Jing-yang,JI Chuan-mao,YAN Gui-quan,LIU Kang-xiang,LIANG Feng.1998.An Investigation of the Huanghou Subterranean Drainage in Dushan County,Southern Guizhou andProposals to Utilization of the Groundwater Resources[J].Guizhou Geology,15(4):355-367(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
LI Zhao-lin,LUO Wei-quan,LAO Wen-ke,LIANG Bin.2001.Water Resource Exploitation,Utilization and Protection ofDakualadong Underground River in Luota,Hunan[J].Carsologica Sinica,20(2):149-154(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIANG Yong-ping,HAN Xing-rui,SHI Jian,YIN Li-he.2005.TheKarst Groundwater System in the Peripheral Area of OrdosBasin:Its Patterns and Characteristics[J].Acta GeoscienticaSinica,26(4):365-369(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIANG Yong-ping,WANG Wei-tai.2010.The Division and characteristics of karst water systems in Northern China[J].EarthScience-Journal of China University of Geosciences,31(6):860-868(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIAO Zi-sheng.1978.The Main Characteristics of karst groundwater and Its Primary Storage Structure Types in NorthernChina[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
LIU Guang-ya.1979.Bedrock Groundwater[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
LU Yao-ru,ZHANG Feng-e,LIU Chang-li,TONG Guo-bang,ZHANG Yun.2006.Karst water resources in typical areas ofChina and Their Eco-hydrological characteristics[J].EarthScience-Journal of China University of Geosciences,27(5):393-402(in Chinese with English abstract).
PU Jun-bing.2013.Development and Distribution of Karst Subterranean Streams In Chongqing,China[J].Carsologica Sinica,32(3):266-279(in Chinese with English abstract).
QU Wei,DING Jian-ping,ZOU Shi-xiao,CAO Xing-min.2009.Fold Structure’s Control Funtion on the Karst Stephen Development[J].Ground Water,31(141):131-133(in Chinesewith English abstract).
WANG Yu.2002.Classification,features of karst water system andkey point for the evaluation to karst water exploration insouthwest China karst area[J].Carsologica Sinica,21(2):115-119(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Yu.2006.The research of drilling wells and exploit in karstarea[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
XIA Ri-yuan,TANG Jian-sheng,ZHU Yuan-feng.2003.Sustainable Utilization Measures of Groundwater Resources in Karsta Areas of Southwest China[J].China Population,Resourcesand Environment,13(1):81-85(in Chinese with English abstract).
XIE Yun-qiu,YUAN Dao-xian.2002.Relationship Between LandResources and Water Resouces in Underground River System[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,16(6):50-53(in Chinese with English abstract).
YAN Chang-hong,WANG Yu-ying,LUO Guo-li,CHEN Ming-zhu,ZHAN Qi-wei,CHEN Xi,GUO Jun-hui,ZHENG Jun.2008.Compressive Structurecs Control on the Karst Development[J].Geological Review,54(3):343-347(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
YANG Jian-mign,ZHANG Zhao-gan,WANG Xiang,SHEN Ping.1996.The Featrue of Aquifer Spatial Structure of HouahaiUnderground watershed,Puding,Guizhou[J].Carsologica Sinica,15(3):246-252(in Chinese with English abstract).
YI Lian-xing.1996.The Study on Karst Groundwater System GreyFeatures and Grey Parameters Model——Case of EasternGuilin Karst Fissure Conduit and Kaili Karst FissureGroundwater Systems[J].Carsologica Sinica,15(1-2):117-123(in Chinese with English abstract).
YUAN Bing-hua.2007.The Research of Groundwater Resourcesand the Ecological Environment Geology in Southwest ChinaKarst Area[M].Chengdu:University of Electronic Scienceand Technology of China Publishing House(in Chinese).
YUAN Dao-xian.1977.Discussion of Karst Groundwater’s Unevenness[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
YUAN Dao-xian.1982.Current Task of Karst Research[J].Carsologica Sinica,1:4-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
YUAN Dao-xian,ZHANG Cheng.2008.Karst Dynamics Theoryin China and its Practice[J].Earth Science-Journal of ChinaUniversity of Geosciences,29(3):355-365.
ZHANG Cheng.2000.A Study on Modern Karstification Intensityof Typical Corrosional Hill System in South China[J].ActaGeoscientica Sinica,21(1):86-91(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
ZHANG Qiang.2012.Assessment on the Intrinsic Vulnerability ofKarst Groundwater source in the Qingmuguan Karst valley[J].Carsologica Sinica,31(1):67-73(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Zhi-gan,CHEN Wei-hai.2000.Karst reservoir structureand groundwater[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,6:1-5(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHU Qing-jun,LI Wei,LI Feng-zhe,SUN Yin-hang,LI Shu.2011.Analysis on geologic-geophysical model and geophysical response of groundwater reservoir in Longan County,Guangxi[J].Carsologica Sinica,30(1):34-40(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).