加重剂对抗高温超高密度柴油基钻井液性能的影响
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摘要
在塔里木盆地库车山前钻遇库姆格列木群盐膏地层时,要求采用抗高温超高密度油基钻井液,该钻井液必须具有良好流变性、低的高温高压滤失量、良好的封堵性与动、静沉降稳定性。研讨了不同类型加重剂对抗160℃超高密度柴油基钻井液性能的影响;采用重晶石(ρ=4.2 g/cm~3)、重晶石(ρ=4.3 g/cm~3)、氧化铁粉、Microdense等单一加重剂配制超高密度柴油基钻井液,钻井液性能无法全面满足钻井工程的需要;采用具有超微细、高密度、球形等特点的MicroMax加重的超高密度柴油基钻井液拥有非常好的流变性能和良好的沉降稳定性,但无法控制钻井液的高温高压滤失量;当重晶石和MicroMax按60∶40比例复配时,可配制出性能良好的超高密度(2.4～3.0 g/cm~3)抗高温柴油基钻井液,能满足库车山前钻进高压盐水层与易漏地层的需求。
High temperature ultra-high-density oil base drilling fluids have long been used in drilling the salt/gypsum formations of the Kumugeliemu group in Kuche piedmont area in Tarim Basin. Oil base drilling fluids used in this area should have good rheology,low HTHP filtration rate, good plugging capacity and dynamic/static settling stability. This paper discusses the effects of different weighting agents on the properties of a high temperature(160 ℃) ultra-high-density diesel oil base drilling fluid. The performance of an ultra-high-density diesel oil base drilling fluid formulated with single weighting agent, such as barite with density of 4.2 g/cm~3, barite with density of 4.3 g/cm~3, iron oxide powder or Microdense, cannot satisfy all the needs of drilling engineering. A weighting agent MicroMax, which is an ultra-fine, high density and spherical powder was then used to formulate the required oil base drilling fluid. The MicroMax weighted oil base drilling fluid had excellent rheology and good settling stability, the HTHP filtration rate of the drilling fluid was out of control though. Using a weighting material mixed with 60% barite and 40% MicroMax, a high temperature ultra-highdensity(2.4-3.0 g/cm~3) diesel oil base drilling fluid with good properties was formulated; it can satisfy all the needs of drilling high pressure saltwater zones and hole sections in which mud losses are easy to take place.
High temperature ultra-high-density oil base drilling fluids have long been used in drilling the salt/gypsum formations of the Kumugeliemu group in Kuche piedmont area in Tarim Basin. Oil base drilling fluids used in this area should have good rheology,low HTHP filtration rate, good plugging capacity and dynamic/static settling stability. This paper discusses the effects of different weighting agents on the properties of a high temperature(160 ℃) ultra-high-density diesel oil base drilling fluid. The performance of an ultra-high-density diesel oil base drilling fluid formulated with single weighting agent, such as barite with density of 4.2 g/cm~3, barite with density of 4.3 g/cm~3, iron oxide powder or Microdense, cannot satisfy all the needs of drilling engineering. A weighting agent MicroMax, which is an ultra-fine, high density and spherical powder was then used to formulate the required oil base drilling fluid. The MicroMax weighted oil base drilling fluid had excellent rheology and good settling stability, the HTHP filtration rate of the drilling fluid was out of control though. Using a weighting material mixed with 60% barite and 40% MicroMax, a high temperature ultra-highdensity(2.4-3.0 g/cm~3) diesel oil base drilling fluid with good properties was formulated; it can satisfy all the needs of drilling high pressure saltwater zones and hole sections in which mud losses are easy to take place.
引文
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[9]叶艳,尹达,张謦文,等.超微粉体加重高密度油基钻井液的性能[J].油田化学,2016,33(1):9-13.YE Yan,YIN Da,ZHANG Xinwen,et al.Performance of high-density oil-based drilling fluids improved by ultrafine powder[J].Oilfield Chemistry,2016,33(1):9-13.
[10]王建华,季一辉,张忠民,等.微粉重晶石改善钻井液性能室内研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2014,31(4):23-25.WANG Jianhua,JI Yihui,ZHANG Zhongmin,et al.Laboratory study on improvement of drilling fluid performance by micro powder barite[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2014,31(4):23-25.
[11]王健,彭芳芳,徐同台,等.钻井液沉降稳定性测试与预测方法研究进展[J].钻井液与完井液,2012,29(5):79-83.WANG Jian,PENG Fangfang,XU Tongtai,et al.Research progress on testing and predicting methods for settling stability of drilling fluid[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2012,29(5):79-83.
[2]刘庆来,方彬,李德江.塔里木超深复杂井钻井液工艺技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2002,20(6):82-84.LIU Qinglai,FANG Bin,LI Dejiang.Drilling fluid technology for the ultra-deep complex wells in Tarim[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2002,20(6):82-84.
[3]张晖,蒋绍宾,袁学芳,等.微锰加重剂在钻井液中的应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2018,35(1):1-7.ZHANG Hui,JIANG Shaobin,YUAN Xuefang,et al.Application of micro powder manganese weighting agent in drill-in fluids[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2018,35(1):1-7.
[4]王茜,马昭华,袁学芳,等.微细钛铁粉加重剂在钻井液中的应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2018,35(3):17-24.WANG Qian,MA Zhaohua,YUAN Xuefang,et al.Application of ultra fine ilmenite powder as drilling fluid weighting agent[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2018,35(3):17-24.
[5]郭营.浓悬浮体表观流变特性与局部流动机理研究[D].上海:上海交通大学博士论文,2011.GUO Ying.Study on the global rheology and local flow mechanism of concentrated suspensions[D].Shanghai:Dissertation Submitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2011.
[6]BARNES H A,HUTTON J F,WALTERS K.An introduction to rheology[M].Elsevier,1989.
[7]ZENG W,BOUGUETTA M.A comparative assessment of barite SAG evaluation methods[C]//SPE deepwater drilling and completions conference.Society of Petroleum Engineers,2016.
[8]黄维安,邱正松,徐加放,等.重晶石粒度级配对加重钻井液流变性的影响[J].钻井液与完井液,2010,27(4):23-25.HUANG Weian,QIU Zhengsong,XU Jiafang,et al.Effect of partical sizing barite on weighted drilling fluid rheology[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2010,27(4):23-25.
[9]叶艳,尹达,张謦文,等.超微粉体加重高密度油基钻井液的性能[J].油田化学,2016,33(1):9-13.YE Yan,YIN Da,ZHANG Xinwen,et al.Performance of high-density oil-based drilling fluids improved by ultrafine powder[J].Oilfield Chemistry,2016,33(1):9-13.
[10]王建华,季一辉,张忠民,等.微粉重晶石改善钻井液性能室内研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2014,31(4):23-25.WANG Jianhua,JI Yihui,ZHANG Zhongmin,et al.Laboratory study on improvement of drilling fluid performance by micro powder barite[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2014,31(4):23-25.
[11]王健,彭芳芳,徐同台,等.钻井液沉降稳定性测试与预测方法研究进展[J].钻井液与完井液,2012,29(5):79-83.WANG Jian,PENG Fangfang,XU Tongtai,et al.Research progress on testing and predicting methods for settling stability of drilling fluid[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2012,29(5):79-83.